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THE 


VETERINARY  COMPENDIUM 


A    COMPENDIUM   OF   PRACTICAL  A 
FUL  INFORMATION.    A    TREATISE 
THE  DISEASES,  SYMPTOMS  AND 
REMEDIES  OF  LIVE  STOCK. 


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'  Dedicated  to  the  Farmer) 


COMPILED  BY  WALES  E.  VAN  AMI. 


The  Live  Stock  Proprietary  Remedy  Co., 

FORT  WAYNE,  INDIANA. 


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THE 


VETERINARY  COMPENDIUM 

A    COMPENDIUM    OF    PRACTICAL  AND    USE- 
FUL INFORMATION.     A    TREATISE    ON 
THE  DISEASES,  SYMPTOMS  AND 
REMEDIES  OF  LIVE  STOCK. 


(Dedicated  to  the  Farmer.) 


COMPILED  BY  WALES  E.  VAN  AME. 


-PUBlvISHED    BY — 


The  Live  Stock  Proprietary  Remedy  Co., 

FORT  WAYNE,   INDIANA. 
1902. — 


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THT  UeHARY  ©F 

CONGRESS. 

Two  Co°i05.  ReceiveD 

APR.  28    1902 

COBVWOHT     RI«THy 

yyv/tAy.  ^^/tf  0  1-. 

CLASS  a   XXo.  No. 

-2-  y  0  /  3 

COPY  A. 


Entered  according  to  the  Act  of  Congress, 

in  the  year  1902,  by 

WALES  E.  VAN  AME, 

In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 


CONTENTS. 


INTRODUCTION. 

Page. 

An  Open  Letter  to  the ,  Fanner    1 

Causes  of  Disease 5 

Dry  Heat 8 

Fomentations    7 

Heat    by    Inhalation     8 

How  to  Observe  Disease   t 5 

How  to  Order  Our  Remedies 3 

Hot  Water   8 

Modes  of  Applying  Heat  7 

Poultices   or   Cataplasms    7 

Table  for  Liquid  Measure 4 

Table  of  Doses  4 

Water    8 

DISEASES  OF  THE  HORSE. 

Abscess 11 

Aphthous  Thrush  70 

Apoplexy    10 

Atrophy  of  the  Muscles 69 

Black  Tongue   13 

Bladder,  Inflammation  of   39 

Bloody  Urine  12 

Bots   24 

Bowels,  Inflammation  of  3g 

Bronchitis    2g 

Bruises    g2 

Bruises  of  the  Frog  I7 

Canker jg 

Capped  Hock -j^g 

Cocked  Ankles   20 


268451 


iv  Contents. 

Page. 
Cold 19 

Colic  Flatulent  or  Bloating  22 

Colic   Spasmodic   21 

Congestion  of  tlie  Lungs   22 

Corns   24 

Constipation    23 

Costiveness  z 23 

Consumption   24 

Coup  De  Soleil    68 

Cramps   21 

Crib-Biters    25 

Curb    26 

Cystitis    39 

Diabetes    26 

Diarrhoea 27 

Distemper    2*8 

Dropsy 29 

Enteritis   38 

Eye,  Inflammation  of 40 

Farcy 33 

Fisolow    70 

Fistulous    Withers    55 

Founder    30 

Galls 31 

General   Debility    32 

Glanders 33 

Glossitis   13 

Gorged   Stomach    37 

Gravel  in  Foot  34 

Grease  Heel 34 

Gums   Swollen 44 

Haematuria   12 

Heaves 35 

Hepatitis 41 

Hide   Bound    36 

Hip  and  Shoulder  Lameness  37 

Inflammation  of  the  Bladder 39 

"    "     Bowels 38 


Contents.  v- 

Page, 

Inflammation  of  the  Elye 40 

"     "     Feet    30 

"     "     Kidneys    41 

"     "     Liver    41 

•'     "     Lungs    43 

"     "     Lymphatics   42 

"     "     Mouth    70 

"     "     Tongue    13 

Incigestion  37 

Influenza 28 

Itch 48 

Jaundice   72 

Kidneys,  Inflammation  of  41 

Knee    Sprung    43 

Knuckling 20 

Laminitis    . , ,  , 30 

Lampas    44 

Liver,  Inflammation  of   41 

Lock  Jaw   46 

Lung  Fever   44 

Lungs,    Inflammation    of    43 

Lymphangitis    42 

Lymphatics,   Inflammation  of 42 

Mange    48 

Moon  Blindness   49 

Nephritis    41 

Nettle   Rash    50 

Oedema 70 

Opthalmia   Periodic    49 

Palsy    51 

Paralysis 51 

Patella,  Dislocation  of 64 

Periodic   Opthalmia    49 

Pleurisy    52 

Pneumonia 44 

Poll    Evil    55 

Pricks   iu   the  Foot  From  Nails 56 

Purples    • 53 


vi  Contents. 

Purpura  Haemorrhagia  53 

Quarter   Cracks    60 

Quittor 56 

Rectum  Worms    15 

Ring   Bone    59 

Ring  Worm   60 

Rheumatism    57 

Salivation    61 

Scabies    48 

Sand  Craclts 60 

Slioulder  and  Hip  Lameness   37 

Side   Bones    65 

Slobbers   61 

Sores    65 

Sore    Shoulders    31 

Spavin  Bog 63 

Bone   64 

"       Blood   63 

Occult    64 

Splint    62 

Sprains    62 

Stifle-joint  Lameness   64 

Stomatitis    70 

Sti-angles    28 

Sti-anguary    66 

Stringhalt    67 

Stump-Suckers    25 

Sunstroke    68 

Surfeit   50 

Sweeney    69 

Swelled   Legs    70 

Swinney    69 

Swollen   Gums    44 

Tetanus    46 

Thisolow    55 

Thrush  in  the  Foot 71 

"       "     "     Mouth    70 

Tongue,  Inflammation  of 13 

Warts    71 


Contents.  vii 

Page. 

Wind   Galls    72 

Wind-Suckers 25 

Worms,    Rectum    15 

Yellows 72 

DISEASES  OF  CATTLE. 

Abortion   75 

Prevention  of   76 

Aphtha    108 

Apoplexy,  Spleenic   106 

Black  Quarter 77 

Black   Tongue    78 

Black    Water    104 

Bladder,  Inflammation  of   90 

Bloating    79 

Bloody   Urine    79 

Bronchitis 80 

Cancerous    Ulcers    98 

Choking -- 81 

Colic    83 

Consumption    84 

Contagious  Typhus   103 

Cow   Pox    85 

Croup    85 

Cud,  Loss  of  86 

Cystitis    90 

Diarrhoea    87 

Chronic  87 

In    Calves    88 

Simple   87 

Epizootic    Aphtha    101 

Fardel  Bound   89 

Foul   Claw    89 

Foul  in  the  Foot 89 

Garget   Mammitis    93 

General   Debility    89 

Glossitis    78 

Haematuria   79 


viii  Contents. 

j  Page. 

Hepatitis    91 

Hoose  in  Calves   90 

Hoven    , 79 

Hydatides  107 

Inflammation  of  the  Bladder 90 

"     "     Liver   91 

"     "     Lungs    92 

"     "     Udder    93 

Impaction  of  the  Omasum   94 

Javmdice   96 

Joint    Felon    • 77 

Liver,  Inflammation  of    91 

Lock    Jaw     96 

Loss  of  Cud    86 

Lump  Jaw    98 

Lungs,  Inflammation  of 92 

Mad  Staggers   98 

Mange    '• 99 

Milk    Fever    99 

Prevention  of   100 

Milk  Trembles    101 

Murrain 101 

Phrenitis 98 

Plague  103 

Pneumonia    92 

Quarter  Evil   77 

Red   Water    104 

Rinderpest   103 

Ring  Warm 105 

Scours    88 

Sore  Mouth   103 

Sore  Teats  105 

Spleenic  Apoplexy 106 

Stomach  Staggers   79 

Sturdy 107 

Tetanus 96 

Texan  Fever   108 

Thrush  in  the  Mouth   108 


Contents.  ix 

Page. 

Tympanitis  "^^ 

Udder,  Inflammation  of    93 

Warts 109 

White   Scours    88 

Worms    109 

DISEASES  OF  SHEEP. 

Braxy  113 

Charbon    113 

Cold  in  the  Head  112 

Colic 113 

Congestion  of  the  Liver  114 

Constipation    115 

Costiveness   115 

Diarrhoea   115 

Distemper 116 

Epizootic 116 

Flukes  in  the  Liver   122 

Foot  Lameness  117 

Foot   Rot    117 

Foul  in  the  Foot  117 

Garget   118 

Gravel   117 

Hoof  Rot 117 

Hoose    120 

Husk    120 

Inflammation  of  the  Udder   118 

Influenza    116 

Liver,   Congestion  of   114 

Liver  Rot  122 

Lung  Fever  119 

Lung  Worms  in  Lambs  120 

Maggots    120 

Mange   123 

Medicine.  The  Administration  of   112 

Milk    Fever    121 

Pale  Disease   120 

Parturient  Fever   121 


X  Contents. 

Page. 

Pneumonia    ^ 119 

Rot   122 

Scab  • 123 

Scours  in  Lambs  115 

Sheep  and  Lamb  Department    Ill 

Snuffles    112 

Spleenic   Apoplexy    113 

Stretches    113 

Udder,    Inflammation    of    118 

Worms    125 

DISEASES  OF  THE  HOG. 

Ague    Cake    126 

Anthrax    128 

Charbon    128 

Cholera,   Hog    127 

Cold    131 

Contagious   Pneumo-Enteritis    128 

Cough 131 

Diarrhoea 135 

Epilepsy    136 

Epizootic   Catarrh    132 

Haemorrhoides   134 

Itch    134 

Mange   134 

Measles   133 

Piles    134 

Scab   134 

Scours   135 

Spleenitis   126 

Staggers    136 

Strangles    137 

Tonsilitis    137 

Quinsy    137 

Worms 137 

DISEASES  OF  POULTRY. 

Asthma   141 


Contents.  xi 

Page. 

Bumble  Foot  ' 141 

Canker    142 

Chicken  Pox   142 

Cholera 143 

Crop  Bound 144 

Diarrhoea   144 

Diseases  of  Poultry    139 

Egg   Producer    (See   Very  Important)    149 

Frozen    Combs    144 

Gapes    145 

Leg  Weakness    145 

Lice    146 

Moulting  147 

Pip 148 

Roup    148 

Scaly    Legs    149 

Sore  Heads 149 

DISEASES  OF  THE   DOG. 

Bowels,  Inflammation  of  155 

Canker  of  the  Ear   150 

Colic    151 

Constipation 152 

Diarrhoea 152 

Distemper    153 

Dysentery    152 

Fits    155 

Hydrophobia    157 

Inflammation  of  the  Bowels 155 

"     "    Lungs    156 

Itch    158 

Lung  Fever    156 

Madness    157 

Mange    157 

Pneumonia    156 

Rabies 157 

Scab 157 

Tape   Worm    159 

Worms 158 


AN  OPEN  LETTER 

TO  THE  FARMER. 


Dear  Sir: — In  presenting  this  complete  work  to  you, 
treating  on  the  diseases  of  live  stock,  we  have  used  the 
utmost  care  in  selecting  the  best  remedies  that  are  known 
to   the  Veterinary  Proffession. 

Our  aim  is  to  make  perfectly  clear  to  you,  in  plain 
English  language,  that  which  is  of  great  need  to  the 
farmer;  where  he  has  more  or  less  live  stock,  which  you 
must  admit  is  a  necessary  part  of  your  resources.  Our 
business  is  a  Live  Stock  Proprietary  Remedy  Co.,  for  the 
purpose,  of  furnishing  to  you,  the  best  known  remedies 
for  diseases  that  your  stock  is  subject  to,  at  a  much  less 
price  than  it  would  cost  you,  to  employ  a  veterinary  sur- 
geon. In  other  words  be  your  own  veterinary,  thereby 
saving  time,  especially  in  the  busy  season,  which  means 
money  to  you,  and  in  a  great  many  cases  saving  the  life 
of  your  valuable  stock.  For  illustration — Your  horse 
is  attacked  with  spasmodic  colic,  which  is  a  very  severe 
and  dangerous  ailment,  and  unless  prompt  action  is  taken, 
you  are  very  liable  to  loose  your  horse.  If  you  rely  on 
the  veterinarys  aid,  what  is  the  result?  You  are  obliged  to 
take  time  and  go  to  town,  you  may  find  the  veterinary, 
but  usually  you  dO'  not.  In  either  case  it  consumes  some 
hours  of  time;  not  only  a  loss  in  your  time,  but  the  ex- 
pense of  the  veterinary.       In  the  mean  time,  your  stock 


2  An  Open  Letter  to  the  Farmer. 

is  not  only  suffering  for  the  want  of  assistance,  but  pos- 
sibly may  be  dead  before  you  return  home;  in  any  event 
the  veterinary  must  be  paid.  We  have  made  it  possible 
to  obviate  all  this  trouble  and  mitigate  the  expense,  by 
placing  within  your  reach  such  proprietary  remedies,  at 
a  nominal  cost,  with  full  instructions,  which  will  enable 
you  to  administer  or  apply  our  remedies  without  the  least 
uncertainty  or  difficulty. 

We  will  send  you  a  list  of  the  diseases  your  stock  are 
most  subject  to;  by  having  the  remedies  for  these  dis- 
eases on  hand,  in  cases  of  emergency,  as  we  said  before, 
will  save  you  time,  money,  and  your  stock.  These  rem- 
edies apply  to  acute  diseases,  such  as  we  will  enumerate 
in  our  letter  to  you. 

If  your  stock  is  afflicted  with  any  chronic  disease,  any 
remedy,  specified  in  our, book,  with  full  directions  accom- 
paning  each  remedy  will  be  sent  to  you,  on  application. 

BEWARE  of  advertised  medicines,  that  claim  to-  cure 
everything  from  one  bottle;  this  is  not  only  against  reason, 
but  decidedly  against  science.  Every  disease  requires 
different  treatment  and  remedies.  Therefore,  we  say 
again  BEWARE  OF  CUREALLS. 

Thanking  you  in  advance  for  your  appreciation  of  our 
endeavors,  to  place  within  your  reach  the  opportunity  of 
saving  money,  and  for  your  valued  patronage,  we  are. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 
LIVE    .STOCK    PROPRIETARY    REMEDY    CO., 

Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 


HOW  TO   ORDIER   OTJR   REMEJDIES.  3. 

HOW  TO  ORDER  OUR  REMEDIES. 

In  ordering  remedies  be  sure  to  write  plain  the  num- 
ber of  the  remedy,  and  the  name  of  the  disease.  Sign 
your  name  in  full,  nearest  Exppress  Office,  Post  Office, 
County  and  State.  If  you  will  kindly  adhere  to  these  in- 
structions, packages  will  NEVER  be  lost. 

All  remedies  will  be  sent  C.  O.  D.  by  Express;  but 
if  money  is  enclosed  with  the  order,  we  will  prepay  Ex- 
press Charges,  which  will  lessen  the  cost  of  the  remedies 
to  you,  and  save  us  time  in  bookkeeping.  In  ordering 
a  small  amount  of  our  remedies,  it  is  always  best  tO'  inclose 
the  proper  amount  for  the  payment  of  same. 

Send  money  by  Post  Office  Order,  Express  Order  or 
Bank  Draft,  made  payable  to  the  Live  Stock  Proprietary 
Remedy  Co..  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.  UNDER  NO  CON- 
SIDERATION enclose  money  in  a  letter,  as  the  postal 
department  will  not  guarantee  the  safe  delivery  of  letters 
with  money  enclosed.  All  remittances  by  Post  Office  or 
Express  Order  are  at  our  risk.  Do  not  send  money  or 
Postal  Note  in  letter  without  registering;  we  will  not  be 
responsible  for  the  safe  delivery  of  money,  if  the  above  in- 
structions are  not  strictly  adhered  to. 


VERY  IMPORTANT. 

No  difi'erence  how  often  you  have  written  us,  always 
give  your  full  Name,  Post  Office,  Express  Office,  County 
and  State.  Our  Mail-order  business  is  so  enormous,  it 
is  impossible  for  our  corresponding  clerks  to  remember 
the  address  of  our  patrons. 


4  Table  of  Doses. 

TABLE  OF  DOSES 

Giving  the  Different  Proportions  According  to  the 
Ages  of  Horses  and  Cattle. 

Whatever  the  dose  of  a  full-grown  horse  may  be,  a 
colt  three  years  old  only  requires  three-fourths  as  much. 
A  two  year  old  one-half  as  much.  A  yearling  one-third 
as  much.  The  same  proportion  may  be  observed  in  cat- 
tle from  oue  year  old  and  upwards.  The  dose  for  a  one- 
year  old  animal,  is  one-third  of  the  dose  of  a  full  grown 
horse  or  ox:  therefore,  the  dose  for  a  calf  or  colt  four 
weeks  old,  will  be  one-twelfth  as  much  as  the  dose  for  the 
yearling.  And  the  dose  for  a  two  months'  old  calf  or 
colt,  is  one-sixth  as  much  as  the  dose  for  a  yearling.  For 
an  animal  only  one  week  old,  the  dose  will  be  one-fourth 
a?  much  as  the  animal  aged  four  weeks. 

In  speaking  of  drachms,  ounces,  etc.,  if  you  have  not 
a  measure  convenient,  the  following  table  will  answer  the 
purpose.  ( 


TABLE  FOR  LIQUID  MEASURE. 

One  tablespoonful  is  equal  to .   one-half  ounce. 

One  dessertspoonful  is  equal  to   ....    two  fluid  drachm«:. 

One  teaspoonful  is  equal  to  one  fluid  drachm. 

One  wir.eglassful  is  equal  to  one  and  one-half  fluid  ounces. 


Causes  of  Disease.  S 

CAUSES  OF  DISEASE. 

In  the  following  table  will  be  found  the  principal  causes 
of  disease : 

I.     Electric,  and  other  conditions  of  the  atmosphere. 
Innutritions  and  improper  food. 
Impure  water. 

Overwork,  overloading,  driving  to  far  and  to  fast. 
Poisons — vegetable,  animal,  mineral,  and  zumins, 
or  ferments. 

6.  Age — an  old  animal  without  teeth  to  chew  or  mas- 
ticate its  food. 

7.  Changes  in  temperature — taking  an  animal  from  a 
warm  stable  and  exposing  it  to  a  cold,  northeastern  storm. 
Or  overheating  and  allowing  the  animal  to  stand  without 
protection  from  exposure. 

8.  Malformations. 

9.  Hereditary  influences. 


HOW  TO  OBSERVE  DISEASE. 

Animals  cannot  speak  and  narrate  their  ills  and  aches, 
but  "a  shut  mouth  tells  no  lies ;"  thereby  nobody  is  deceived. 
Farmers  should  have  no  difficulty  in  recognizing  disease 
when  it  appears  in  any  of  their  domestic  animals :  As  the  un- 
easy eye,  the  anxious  expression,  and  the  peculiar  look,  tell 
the  tale  of  suffering,  and  bear  true  and  faithful  testimony. 
And  if  a  horse  has  a  bruised  heel  it  elevates  it  from  the 
ground,  and  will  not  set  its  foot  flat  to  please,  or  it  may  be 
said  to  deceive  any  one.  The  pulse  tells  much,  and  can  be 
felt  on  the  inner  angle  of  the  lower  jaw.  In  inflammations 
and  fevers  the  frequency  of  the  pulse  is  increased.  In  de- 
bility and  depression  jt  i§  slower;  but  sometimes  quicker  than 


6  How  TO  Observe  Disease. 

natural.  The  pulse  of  inflammation  and  fever  numbers  from 
seventy-five  to  eighty  beats  in  the  minute;  and  in  great  debil- 
ity the  pulse  will  number  one  hundred  beats  per  minute.  The 
pulse  is  more  frequent  in  young  than  old  animals.  In  the 
full-grown  and  healthy  horse  it  beats  thirty-two  to  thirty- 
eight  in  the  minute;  in  the  ox  or  cow,  thirty-five  to  forty-^ 
two ;  in  the  sheep  seventy  to  eighty-five  ;  and  in  the  dog,  from 
ninety  to  ninety-eight.  A  good  sized  healthy  horse,  will  take 
one  inspiration  to  three  of  the  pulse  beats.  When  the 
breathing  is  more  frequent  or  slower,  and  when  irregular,  or 
laborious  and  difficult,  there  is  then  disease.  Both  the  pulse 
and  breathing  will  be  quickened  by  exposure  to  heat  or  over- 
exercise,  but  by  placing  the  animal  in  a  cool,  well  ventilated 
stable,  the  breathing  and  pulse  will  be  lessened. 

Bleeding  in  domestic  as  well  as  veterinary  practice,  is 
almost  discarded  and  obsolete.  Blood-letting  and  over-phy- 
sicking are  powerful  and  depressing  agents ;  so  much  so, 
that  when  carried  to  any  extent,  few,  if  any  animals  will 
have  vitality  to  combat  the  disease.  Let  the  strength  of 
the  animal  be  maintained,  because  if  that  failed,  where  is  the 
chance  of  recovery  ?  Avoid  these  measures,  and  substitute  a 
rational  and  successful  system  of  treating  the  diseases  of 
your  animals. 

The  reader  of  this  book  cannot  fail  to  see  how  simple  it 
is  to  ascertain  the  disease  your  animal  in  sufifering  from, 
and  how  successfully  you  can  arrest  and  cure  diseases  of 
your  domestic  animals,  by  adopting  our  method  of  treat- 
ment. And  it  will  surely  be  infinitely  more  profitable  for 
yourself  and  pleasant  for.  the  faithful,  loving  animal  to  have 
you  assist  it  to  over- come  disease,  by  your  own  art  and  med- 
icine, than  to  realize  that  it  must  look  to  some  other  than  its 
master  for  care  or  help.  The  dumb  brute  never  forgets  the 
one  who  relieves  its  suflferings. 


Modes  of  Applying  Heat.  7 

MODES  OF  APPLYING  HEAT. 

POULTICES  OR  CATAPLASMS.— Poultices  are 
compositions  for  the  local  application  of  heat  and  moisture. 
They  are  made  of  flaxseed  meal,  bran,  oatmeal,  bread,  pota- 
toes and  carrots.  One  or  other  of  these  is  stirred  up  in 
boiling  water  until  a  thick,  pasty  consistency  is  reached. 
This  mass  may  then  be  applied,  while  very  hot,  directly  to 
the  parts,  and  the  whole  is  covered  by  a  heavy  cloth.  Or 
spread  the  mass  on  a  piece  of  bagging  (do  this  very  quickly 
so  as  not  to  cool  the  mass)  and  while  steaming  hot,  apply. 
Keep  the  poultice  from  drying  by  occasionally  wetting  it 
with  warm  water.  A  very  hot  poultice  acts  as  a  counter- 
irritant  in  contracting  blood  vessels  in  more  remote  parts, 
besides  its  effect  in  abating  pain.  A  warm,  moist  poultice, 
softens  broken  down  and  dead  tissues,  and  aids  suppuration 
and  sloughing. 

CAUTION. — In  poulticing  a  horses  foot,  always  apply 
the  poultice  to  the  sole  of  the  foot.  Never  in  any  instance 
apply  the  poultice  around  the  hoof,  for  if  you  do,  in  the  ma- 
jority of  cases,  the  hoof  will  fall  off. 

FOMENTATIONS.— Are  simply  local  baths,  applied 
by  means  of  a  sponge  or  cloth.  Usually,  water  alone  is  used, 
but  Laudanum,  Vinegar,  Saline,  and  other  remedies  suit- 
able to  the  ailment  are  sometimes  added.  They  may  be  used 
to  cleanse  wounds  or  parts  O'f  dried  discharges.  The  tem- 
perature must  be  regulated  to  the  nature  of  the  disorder, 
and  the  portion  of  the  body  where  it  is  situated.  When  ap- 
plied to  the  eye,  the  degree  of  heat  should  not  go  beyond 
lOO  degrees  Fahr.  For  external  inflammations,  bruises,  etc. 
the  water  can  be  as  hot  as  can  be  borne  by  the  hand,  and 
for  internal  inflammations  as  in  pleurisy,  inflammation  of 
the  bowels,  bladder,  etc.,  should  have  a  greater  heat.    When 


8  Modes  of  Applying  Heat. 

fomentations  are  applied  very  hot,  they  act  as  counter-irri- 
tants. When  applied  warm,  they  produce  a  mild,  stimulat- 
ing-, soothing  and  softening  efifect.  They  should  be  applied 
for  a  considerable  length  of  time — one-half  hour  at  least — 
and  be  followed  by  drying  and  bandaging.  Fomentations 
reduce  swellings  and  pain,  and  hasten  repair  in  bruises, 
strains  and  local  inflammation. 

HEAT  BY  INHALATION.— Inhalations  are  some- 
times used  with  good  effect  in  diseases  of  the  nostrils, 
throat  and  breathing  organs.  The  moist  heat  has  a  sooth- 
ing action  on  the  nerves,  and  tends  to  loosen  dry  exudations. 
The  best  method  consists  in  placing  a  bucket  containing  a 
boiling  mash  under  the  horses  nose.  A  dog  may  be  placed 
on  the  seat  of  a  cane  bottom  chair,  and  covered  loosely  with 
a  sheet  over  the  whole,  the  steam  being  generated  in  a  vessel 
beneath. 

DRY  HEAT. — Dry  heat  may  be  applied  by  means  of 
hot  blankets,  hot  water  bags,  hot  salt  or  sand  in  cloth  bags. 
Dry  heat  is  often  preferable  to  moist  heat  for  simply  re- 
lieving pain  or  congestion,  as  animals  are  less  apt  to  become 
chilled  by  draughts  and  evaporation  from  the  surface  after- 
wards. 

HOT  WATER. — Is  usually  applied  by  blankets  wrung 
out  of  hot  water,  and  applied  quickly.  The  water  should  be 
very  hot  (not  warm.) 


WATER. 


Diseases  of  stock,  especially  diarrhofea,  are  very  often 
caused  by  drinking  water  which  contains  germs.  It  is  very 
important  that  water  be  free  from  impurities.  Water  in  shal- 
low wells  or  wells  and  ponds  situated  near  cess-pools  and 


Water.  9 

manure-heaps,  also  river  water  which  is  usually  contamin- 
ated with  sewerage,  and  stored  rain  water  is  dangerous.  The 
only  water  that  is  pure  and  can  be  relied  upon,  is  that  which 
comes  from  springs,  deep  wells  and  upland  surface  water. 
Pure  water  can  generally  be  determined  by  its  clearness  and 
lack  of  taste  or  smell.  Water  three  times  a  day  will  be  suf- 
ficient for  a  horse  when  at  rest,  but  when  laboring  small 
quantities  should  be  given  frequently.  When  a  horse  is 
warm  a  few  pounds  of  hay  should  be  given  immediately 
after  a  few  swallows  of  water,  after  which  the  animal  should 
rest  at  least  an  hour  before  feeding.  Horses  should  never 
be  permitted  to  drink  ice  cold  water.  Although  cattle  are  not 
so  susceptible  to  the  ill  teflfects  as  the  horse,  as  they  have 
four  stomachs  while  the  horse  has  but  one.  Yet,  it  is 
preferable  not  to  give  them  ice  water. 


DISEASES    OF   THE    HORSE. 

THEIR  CAUSES,  SYMPTOMS  AND 
TREATMENT, 

Alphabetically  Arranged  for  the  Benefit  of  the  Reader. 


APOPLEXY. 

Is  caused  by  rupture  of  a  blood  vessel  in  the  brain, 
water  on  the  brain  producing  pressure,  or  too  small  a 
collar  on  a  thick  necked  horse. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  11 

SYMPTOMS:— The  animal  suddenly  falls  to  the 
ground,  loosing  the  power  both  of  feeling  and  motion; 
breathing  slow  and  deep;  the  head  is  hot.  If  the  pres- 
sure  is  limited,  unconc^iousness  will  last  only  for  a  short 
time,  and  with  proper  attention  the  animal  will  recover ; 
but  will  ever  afterwards  be  unsafe  for  carriage  use,  as  after 
having  one  attack,  another  may  occur  at  any  moment, 
and  during  these  fats  the  horse  may  become  unmanageable, 
and  can  only  be  controlled  by  a  greater  power  than  his 
own.  If  the  attack  is  severe,  it  usually  proves  fatal;  and 
if  the  animal  should  recover,  paralysis  is  sure  to  be  pres- 
ent in  some  portion  of  the  body. 

TREATMENT:— Apply  chopped  ice  in  bags,  or  cold 
water  cloths  to  the  head.  Keep  the  head  elevated.  Keep 
lip  a  circulation  and  warmth  in  the  limbs,  by  rubbing 
them;  apply  a  little  mustard  and  bandage  with  flannel. 
As  soor  as  the  animal  regains  consciousness,  sufificient  so 
that  it  can  swallow,  give  the  following: 

Powdered  Aloes    one  ounce. 

Calomel    one  drachm. 

Powdered  Gentian   two  drachms. 

Mix  in  a  pint  of  water  and  give  as  a  drench.  Fol- 
low ihis  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  87  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  $1.00. 


ABSCESS. 

This  is  sometimes  called  a  heeling.  An  abscess  is  a 
formation  of  pus  under  the  skin.  There  is  also  abscess  of 
the  liver,  brain,  and  in  fact,  it  may  occur  in  any  portion  of 
the  body. 


12  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

SYMPTOMS: — Heat,  swelling  and  pairn,  a  promi- 
nence on  the  swelling  from  which  the  hair  falls  off,  dis- 
closing a  yellow,  white  and  soft  part  upon  the  point. 

TREATMENT:— It  is  not  advisable  to  open  an  ab- 
scess, before  the  pus  has  properly  formed.  In  a  common 
abscess,  it  will  only  be  necessary  to  hasten  the  formation 
of  pus,  by  applying  poultices  of  flaxseed,  and  when  the 
point  is  soft,  make  an  opening  on  its  lowest  dependent 
point  with  a  sharp  knife,  so  the  discharge  can  escape. 
And  then  apply  > 

Rain   Water    one  ounce. 

Chloride   of   Zinc    six   grains.  Mix. 

And  apply  to  the  abscess  twcie  daily. 


BLOODY  URINE— HAEMATURIA. 

This  disease  is  more  prevalent  among  cattle  and 
sheep  than  horses.  When  horses  are  troubled  with 
bloody  urine,  it  is  generally  caused  by  strains  of  some 
description;  as  slipping,  or  starting  a  heavy  load,  rearing 
or  jumping,  straining  those  muscles  that  are  situated  in 
the  regions  of  the  kidneys.  Gravel  in  the  kidneys  or 
bladder  is  one  of  the  causes. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  urine  may  be  almost  black  and 
loaded  with  clots,  or  it  may  be  only  slightly  smoky  or 
pinkish  in  color.  The  blood  may  be  voided  without  the 
discharge  of  urine.  Clots  may  precede  or  follow  the 
urine. 

TREATMENT: — Apply  cold  water  cloths  over  the 
back  above  the  kidneys;  give  flaxseed  tea  as  a  drink.  Feed 
on  steamed  or  boiled  feed,  cut  grass,  or  any  green  feed. 
Plenty  of  cold  water  should  be  given  to  drink  at  all  times, 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  13 

as  the  more  fluid  that  goes  into  the  body,  the  less  irrita- 
tion of  the  bladder  and  kidneys. 
Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  55  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  $1.50. 


BLACK  TONGUE. 

Inflammation  of  the  Tongue. 

(Glossitis.) 

An  inflammation  of  the  tissues  of  the  tongue.  It 
may  develop  under  the  influence  of  mercurial  poison,  or 
as  a  consequence  of  direct  injury.  Croton  oil  and  other 
acrid  matters  taken  into  the  mouth  may  cause  it;  bums, 
blows,  and  the  poison  of  insects  have  caused  it.  It  may 
be  produced  by  diseased  teeth,  but  sometimes  occurs  in 
old  horses  without  any  apparent  cause, 

SYMPTOMS:— At  first  the  tongue  has  an  intense 
red  appearance  and  is  slightly  swollen.  This  is  soon  fol- 
lov.ed  by  so  great  an  enlargement  of  the  organ,  that  it 
entirely  fills  the  mouth  and  protrudes  beyond  the  teeth,  at 
which  time  it  becomes  hard  and  black,  and  its  surface  is 
covered  by  a  thick  secretion.  There  is  a  sensation  of 
heat  in  the  mouth,  and  the  swelling  often  causes  severe 
pain.  The  glands  at  the  angle  of  the  jaw  are  enlarged 
and  tender,  and  all  movements  of  the  tongue  in  chewing 
or  swallowing  becomes  exceedingly  painful,  and  frequent- 
ly impossible.  Difficult  breathing  and  inability  to  lie 
dowii  are  sometimes  caused,  by  the  obstruction  to  the  free 
entrance  of  the  air  into  the  lungs.  In  extreme  cases 
death  has  occurred  from  suffocation. 


14  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

'I 
TRE/VTAIENT:— If  you  detect  this  malady  in  time, 
or  while  the  horse  is  still  able  to  swallow,  give  without  de- 
lay one  quart  raw  linseed  oil,  and  if  the  patient  is  not  able 
to  swallow,  give    an  injection  of  soapsuds    one  quart,  to 
which  add  one  teaspoonful  of  Turpentine.  Apply  ice  free- 
ly  to  the  tonguC;,  and  with  a  clean  knife  free  from    any 
foreign  substance  scarify  the  upper  surface  of  the  tongue, 
by  making  deep  and  free  incisions.      Wash  the  mouth  and 
bathe  the  tongue     three  or  four  times  a  day     with     our 
REMEDY  NO.  49  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  75  cents. 

If  abscesses  form,  they  should  be  promptly  opened  and 
■washed  with  the  above  remedy  No.  49.  If  there  is  a  de- 
sire to  eat  and  the  animal  can  swallow,  give  flaxseed  gruel 
or  bran  mash. 


BOTS. 

The  bot  worms  which  inhabit  the  body  of  the  horse, 
consists  of  many  varieties;  some  are  harmless,  while 
others  are  detrimental  to  the  horse.  The  first  variety  we 
will  mention,  inhabit  the  stomach.  Second,  those  that 
infest  the  rectum. 

STOMACH  BOTS. — In  the  summer  months,  when 
horses  are  turned  out  to  pasture,  the  gad  flies  deposite 
their  eggs  on  the  sides  and  legs  of  the  horse,  and  find 
their  way  to  the  stomach  from  the  horse  licking  and  bit- 
ing itself,  and  is  then  speedily  generated  into-  the  bot 
worm.  If  the  bots  exist  in  large  quantities  in  the  stomach, 
indigestion  and  colic  may  be  the  result. 

SYMPTOMS:— A  horse  in  this  condition  will  not 
thrive,  and  owing  to  its     weakness     will    easily    become 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  IS 

i 
I 

fatigued.  If  the  horse  looses  flesh  after  being-  pastured, 
without  apparent  cause,  it  is  an  indication  that  the  stomach 
is  infested  with  worms. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  94  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  remedy  will  dislodge  and  destroy  these 
worms,  and  save  the  life  of  the  animal,  if  it  is  given 
in  time.  It  is  a  conceded  fact,  that  after  these  worms 
have  penetrated  the  stomach,  it  will  be  impossible  to  save 
the  life  of  the  horse.  The  condition  of  the  horse  must 
be  improved  to  cope  with  the  debilitating  effects  of  the 
worms.  Our 

REMEDY  NO.  52  GIVEN  AS  DIRECTED, 
will  greatly  assist  in  building  up  the  animal's  strength,  and 
keeping  it  in  a  condition  for  use. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  94,  75  cents. 
Price,  of  remedy  No.  52,  50  cents. 
Price  of  above  remedies  combined,  $1.00. 
RECTUM    WORMS:— Like  that  of  the  stomach  is 
the  result  of  running  to  pasture.      The  eggs  instead  of  be- 
ing deposited  on  the  sides  and  legs,  are  stuck  to  the  muzzlfe 
or  lips  of  the  horse,  and  being  the  color  of  the  skin  are 
not  often  noticed. 

SYMPTOMS : — The  worms  of  this  species  will  be 
seen  about  the  anus  and  under  the  tail,  which  is  very  irri- 
tating and  is  a  source  of  great  uneasiness  to  the  animal. 
This  annoyance  is  manifested  to  a  large  extent  among 
spirited  or  high  life  horses. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  52  AND  53  AS  DIRECTED. 


16 »  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

If  directions  are  explicitly  followed,  the  worms  will  be 
quickly   sjid   thoroughly    exterminated. 

Price  of  remedies  No.  52  and  53,  75  cents. 


BRONCHITIS. 

Bronchitis  is  an  inflammation  of  the  air  passages  or 
bronchial  tubes.  This  is  a  very  common  disease  among 
horses.  It  occasionally  follows  distemper,  influenza,  or 
even  common  cold  or  sore  throat;  or  may  be  caused  by 
standing  in  draughts  when  heated.  Inhaling  irritating 
gasses  and  smoke.  It  occurs  in  various  degrees  of  in- 
tenrity. 

SYMPTOMS: — Disease  is  ushered  in  by  a  chill,  de- 
pression, appetite  wholly  lost,  harsh  cough,  heaving  at 
the  flanks,  mouth  hot  and  dry,  fever.  In  a  few  days  there 
will  be  a  discharge  of  pus  from  the  nostrils,  although 
some  of  the  discharge  may  drop  into  the  pharynx  or  throat 
and  be  swallowed.  The  bowels  are  generally  consti- 
pated and  the  dung  is  covered  with  mucus.  Breathing 
labored  and  quick. 

TREATMENT: — Place  the  animal  in  a  comfortable 
place  with  proper  ventilation.  If  the  weather  is  cold  or 
chilly,  blanket  the  horse  well.  Rub  the  legs  with  the 
hands  until  they  are  warm,  and  bandage  to  the  knees  with 
flannel ;  if  the  legs  do  not  get  warm  from  hand  rubbing  ap- 
ply whisky  and  red  pepper.     Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  33  FOLLOWED  BY, 

REMEDY  NO.  34  AS  DIRECTED. 

Give  plenty  of  cold  water  to  drink,  for  pain  and  fever 

require  plenty  of  fluid,  as  all  the  secretions  are  dried  up. 

Do  not  give  physic  to  remove  the  constipation,  but  ad- 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  •       17 

minister  injections  of  warm  water  and  castile  soap.  Let 
the  animal  have  a  little  grass,  if  it  can  be  had;  this  will  re- 
lax the  bowels  and  cool  the  stomach.  Feed  on  soft  feed. 
Our  treatment  will  prevent  debility,  and  the  pouring  out 
of  Huid  or  serum  into  the  legs,  sheath,  belly  and  breast. 
After  the  fever  has  been  allayed,  allow  good  nourishing 
food  and  plenty  of  it.  This  treatment  will  not  only  cure 
the  horse  in  five  or  six  days,  but  the  horse  is  left  in  sound 
condition,  which  to  frequently  is  not  the  case.  But  re- 
member, do  not  put  the  horse  to  work  to  soon  after  re- 
covery, as  a  relapse  may  develop  into  a  chronic  case,  or 
an  incurable  case  of  thick  wind. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  33  and  34  complete,  $1.50. 


BRUISES  OF  THE  FROG. 

CAUSES: — Stepping  on  hard  or  frozen  ground,  or 
any  hard   substance. 

SYMPTOMS: — If  the  animal  travels  on  three  legs, 
or  uses  only  the  toe  when  walking,  the  case  is  quite  se- 
vere. By  examining  the  foot  the  injury  can  be  readily 
located.  If  it  is  soft  to  the  touch,  there  is  a  formation  of 
pus.  As  soon  as  the  pus  is  allowed  to  escape,  the  lame- 
ness is  less  prominent. 

TREATMENT: — When  examining  the  foot,  if  yoxi 
find  only  inflammation  without  pus,  bathe  the  foot  in  cold 
water,  which  undoubtedly  will  prevent  any  further  devel- 
opments, and  will  be  all  that  is  necessary  to  effect  a  cure. 
But  if  on  examining  the  foot  you  find  a  formation  of  pus, 
make  an  opening  to  allow  it  to  exude.  Then  poultice  the 
sole  of  the  foot,  for  twenty-four  hours  with  linseed  meal. 
After  removing  the  poultice,  cleanse  thoroughly,  and  ap- 
ply our 


18  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

REMEDY  NO.  78  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  much  of  the  frogf  has  become  loosened,  remove  that 
portioi  with  a  knife. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  78,  50  cents. 


CANKER. 

The  essential  principle  of  this  affection,  is  the  pecul- 
iar tendency  in  the  horses  foot  to  grow  and  produce  proud 
flesh.  As  it  is  rarely  seen  in  high  dry  districts,  it  is  evi- 
dent that  moisture  paves  the  way  for  this  disease.  In- 
juries to  the  sensitive  sole  by  bruises,  nails,  etc.,  may  pro- 
duce it,  or  it  may  be  the  result  of  a  neglected  case  of 
thrush. 

SYMPTOMS; — When  this  disease  is  the  result  of  an 
injury,  there  is  a  bad  smelling  discharge,  and  the  injured 
part  does  not  show  any  inclination  to  heal.  Soft,  spongy, 
unhealthy  growths  grow  from  the  frog  and  sole.  As 
the  disease  advances,  lameness  will  be  a  prominent  symp- 
tom. 

TREATMENT: — This  disease  is  very  stubborn  and 
difficult  to  treat.  Nevertheless  cases,  and  very  hard  ones, 
too,  have  been  cured  but  not  in  one  day;  it  sometimes 
takes  weeks.  Place  the  animal  in  a  dry  stall,  cut  out  all 
the  diseased  tissues  or  sole,  until  it  bleeds  freely.  It  will 
be  necessary  to  use  a  knife  to  remove  the  dead  sole,  and 
most  of  the  proud  flesh  can  be  removed  in  the  same  maa- 
ncr;  if  there  is  the  least  trace  of  any  remaining  proud 
flesh,  take  caustic  potash  and  reduce  to  a  coarse  powder, 
as  quickly  as  possible,  and  immediately  lay  it  upon  the  raw 
surface.  If  the  first  application  does  not  sufficiently  re- 
move it,  apply    the  potash    again  on  the  following    day. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  ■      19 

After  the  proud  flesh  has  been  entirely  taken  off,  apply 
daily  our 

REMEDY  NO.  75  AS  DIRECTED. 
If  our  instructions  which  accompany  No.  75,  are  care- 
fully followed,  even  very  bad  cases  will  be  cured. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  75,  $1.75. 


CAPPED  HOCK. 

This  affection  consists  of  a  soft  swelling  or  serious 
abcess,  situated  on  the  point  of  the  hock  joint.  It  is 
caused  by  kicking  or  being  kicked  by  another  horse.  It 
rarely  causes  any  lameness. 

TREATMENT: — Prevent  the  cause  by  placing  the 
animal  in  a  stall  where  it  can  not  injure  itself  or  become 
injured,  and  apply  cold  water  cloths  to  the  part  during  the 
day,  discontinuing  at  night,  until  the  heat  and  tenderness 
have  subsided;  as  soon  as  this  has  been  accomplished  ap- 
ply our 

REMEDY  NO.  86  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  86,  50  cents. 


COLD. 

We  will  not  dwell  on  the  causes  and  symptoms  of 
cold,  as  we  feel  confident  every  farmer  is  familiar  with  this 
disease,  and  can  readily  detect  its  appearance.  No  dis- 
ese  is  more  common  among  young  horses  than  cold ; 
which  in  itself  is  not  serious,  and  frequently  the  animal 
^eco^'ers  without  treatment  when  given  good  care;  but 
unfortunately  complications  arise,  and  before  the  owner 
of  the  animal  is  aware  of  it,  some  serious  malady  has  set 


20       '  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

in.  Therefore,  "as  an  ounce  of  prevention  is  worth  a 
pound  of  cure,"  it  is  wise  not  to  let  a  cold  run  its  course. 
But  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  32  AS  DIRECTED. 
Blanket  the  horse  and  give  green  feed,  if  it  can  be  had, 
if  not,  give  soft  feed. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  32,  75  cents. 


COCKED  ANKLES  OR  KNUCKLING. 

CAUSES: — This  disease  is  caused  by  pulling  hard, 
especially  on  hilly  roads ;  fast  driving  upon  hard  roads ; 
weakness  in  the  part  from  the  effects  of  sprains ;  slipping 
on  smooth  pavements.       Many  young  foals  knuckle  badly. 

TREATMENT:— The  young  colt  will  usually  gain 
strength  and  be  alright  in  a  few  hours;  but  if  after  it  is  a 
few  days  old  it  continues  to  knuckle,  it  is  advisable  to 
pad  some  belting  with  cotton  batting  or  wool,  and  make 
21  brace  to  extend  from  the  foot  to  the  knee,  fasten  it  on 
with  the  leg  perfectly  straight:  care  must  be  taken  not  to 
bind  to  tight ;  examine  every  day  or  two,  to  make  sure 
it  is  not  chafing  the  leg,  and  as  soon  as  the  colt  can  stand 
straight  without  it,  remove  it.  For  knuckling  in  grown 
horses  nse  our 

REMEDY  NO.  84  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  remedy  strengthens  the  muscles,  ligaments    and 
tendons  to   that   extent,   that   they  soon  adapt  themselves 
to   their   proper  functions,  and   force  the   joints   to   their 
place. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  84,  $1.00. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  21 

COLIC— SPASMODIC  COLIC— CRAMPS. 

CAUSES: — Anything  that  will  cause  indigestion  or 
irritation  of  the  intestinal  canal,  will  produce  colic.  The 
principal  causes  are:  drinking  cold  water  when  over- 
heated, or  colder  water  than  the  horse  has  been  in  the  habit 
of  drinking.  Change  of  feed  from  oats  to  corn,  sudden 
changes  in  temperature  from  hot  to  cold,  exposed  to^  rain 
or  driving  a  horse  into  a  pond  of  cold  water. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  horse  appears  uneasy,  and  all 
at  once  the  horse  that  a  few  moments  before  was  well,  ap- 
parently, leaves  his  feed  and  looks  around  at  his  flank  as 
if  pointing  out  the  seat  of  pain,  commences  to  paw  the 
ground,  sometimes  falling  upon  its  knees,  and  almost 
strikes  its  belly  with  one  of  the  hind  feet.  As  the  spasms 
continue  and  the  pain  becomes  more  intense,  the  horse 
breaks  out  into  a  sweat,  heaving  at  the  flanks,  tumbling, 
rolling  and  becomes  greatly  excited. 

TREATMENT: — If  the  pain  continues  to  increase, 
and  the  animal  is  not  relieved,  inflammation  of  the  bowels 
may  result,  or  the  horse  may  die  from  pain  or  exhaustion. 
Give  the  horse  plenty  of  bedding,  so  there  will  be  less 
danger  of  his  bruising  or  injuring  himself.  Give  im- 
mediately our 

REMEDY  NO.  26  FOLLOWED  BY, 
REMEDY  NO.  27  AS  DIRECTED. 

Rub  briskly  the  legs  and  abdomen,  occasionally  walk 
the  horse  about,  to  excite  the  bowels  to  action.  After 
the  pains  have  subsided,  it  is  advisable  to  give  a  good 
physic — one  pint  of  linseed  oil  being  preferable.  If  nec- 
essary give  injections  of  warm  soap  suds. 

As    this   disease   is   liable   to   attack   your  stock   at   a 


22  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

moments  warning,  you  should  never  be  without  these  rem,- 
edies. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  26  and  27  complete,  $1.50. 


COLIC  FLATULENT  OR  BLOATING  COLIC. 

SYMPTOMS: — Are  similar  to  spasmodic  colic,  with 
the  exception  that  the  animal  bloats,  causing  a  distention 
of  the  bowels,  and  belches  gas.  This  disease  if  not  treated 
at  the  onset,  will  speedily  end  in  the  death  of  the  animal. 

TREx^TAlENT: — Immediately  give  an  injection, 
composed  of  enough  soap  added  to  one  quart  of  warm 
water  to  form,  a  suds,  to  which  add  a  handful  of  table  salt, 
and  follow  this  treatment  by  giving  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  26  AND  27  AS  DIRECTED. 
We  will  take  occasion  to  mention,  that  every  farmer 
should  have  a  syringe  suitable  for  all  kinds  of  stock;    ii 
certainly  will  save  time,  and  many  times  the  lives  of  your 
stock. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  26  and  27  complete,  $1.50. 


CONGESTION  OF  THE  LUNGS. 

Congestion  of  the  lungs  is  an  excessive  amount  of 
blood  in  the  lungs.  When  horses  are  kept  in  the  stable 
without  sufificient  exercise,  and  well  groomed,  the  blood 
vessels  become  weak,  and  for  the  want  of  power  are  unable 
to  contract  and  empty  themselves.  When  the  horse  is 
in  this  condition  if  called  upon  for  severe  exertion,  either 
by  work  or  driving,  congestion  of  the  lungs  is  frequently 
the  result.  Any  horse  over-exerted  on  a  warm  day  may 
be  stricken  with  congestion. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  23 

SYMPTO^IS;— The  horse  blows,  nostrils  expanded, 
heaving-  at  the  flanks,  trembling  and  distress  is  apparent 
over  the  entire  body;  the  animal  is  stupid  and  the  eyes  are 
blood-shot;  large  drops  of  perspiration  roll  off  the  body, 
limbs  become  cold,  heart  beats  rapid,  breathing  labored 
and  wheezy. 

TREATMENT:— Encourage  the  blood  to  the  skin 
and  legs,  by  rubbing  brjskly  and  bandaging;  blanket,  al- 
low free  access  to  cool  air,  if  there  is  any  wind  blowing  let 
the  animal  have  the  full  benefit,  by  turning  its  head  in  that 
direction.  Give  four  ounces  of  brandy  or  whiskey  in 
half  pint  of  warm  water,  every  half  hour,  until  three  doses 
are  given.    Followed  by  our 

REMEDY  NO.  40  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  75  cents. 


CONSTIPATION-COSTIVENESS. 

Fecal  retention,  stopping  or  stoppage  of  the  bowels; 
state  of  the  bowels  in  which  the  evacuations  do  not  tako 
place  as  frequently  as  usual,  or  are  inordinately  hard  or 
expelled  with  difficulty,  owing  to  diminished  action  of  the 
muscular  coat  of  the  intestines,  or  to  diminished  secretions 
from  the  mucus  membrane  or  both. 

TREATMENT: — The     exciting     and     predisponent 

causes   must  be   inquired   into   and   obviated.        Feed   the 

animal  bran  mash  one  day,  and  give  at  one  dose  one  quart 

of  raw  linseed  oil.       If  the  constipation  is  chronic,  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  46  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price,  75  cents, 


24  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

CONSUMPTION. 

Consumption  is  the  result  of  attacks  of  influenza,  lung 
fever  and  bronchitis,  when  these  diseases  have  not  had 
proper  treatment.  Depleting  the  system  of  the  horse  by 
bleeding  during  any  of  these  attacks,  is  very  liable  to  pro- 
duce consumption.  Consumption  is  an  incurable  dis- 
ease, therefore,  to  much  caution  cannot  be  exercised  in 
the  treatment  of  any  of  the  inflammatory  diseases,  such  as 
influenza,  lung  fever,  etc.  Consumption  may  be  heredi- 
tary. 

TREATMENT: — As  consumption  is  incurable,  the 
treatment  is  only  to  alleviate  the  animal.  The  conditions  of 
consumption  are  the  same,  whether  in  man  or  animal.  To 
prolong  life,  give  four  ounces  of  whisky  in  half  pint  of 
warm  water  every  four  hours,  until  you  have  given  three 
doses.     After  which 

Sulphate  of  Iron two  drachms. 

Powdered  Gentian    two  drachms. 

Should  be  given  three  times  a  day  mixed  with  cut  or 
soft  feed.  If  the  animal  will  not  eat  it  readily,  mix  in  one 
quart  of  water  and  give  as  a  drench.  The  horse  should 
be  placed  in  a  well  ventilated  stall,  and  blanketed  to  keep 
warm.  This  is  about  all  that  can  be  done  for  the  poor 
animal. 


CORNS. 

Corns  are  red  spots  on  the  sole  of  the  foot,  usually 
found  on  the  inner  portion  although  sometimes  found  on 
the  outer  quarter.  The  principal  cause  is  a  bruise,  gen- 
erally produced  by  bad  shoeing  or  from  the  shoes  shifting 
from  their  proper  position.       Allowing  the  horse  to  go  to 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  25 

long  before  removing,  the  shoes,  or  by  removing  them  be- 
fore the  foot  has  grown  from  the  shoes. 

SYMPTOMS:— Lameness  and  stumbling  when  driv- 
en. Red  spot  on  the  sole  of  the  foot,  which,  upon  being 
pressed  causes  the  horse  to  evince  pain.  Sometimes  the 
corn  suppurates,  in  such  cases  the  animal  will  hesitate  to 
place  the  foot  on  the  ground,  and  when  it  does,  it  will 
only  rest  it  on  the  toe. 

TREATMENT:— Take  off  the  shoe  and  poultice  the 
sole   of  the   foot    with    ground    flaxseed,    for   twenty-four 
hours,  then  pare  down  or  cut  out  the  corn,  and  apply  our 
REMEDY  NO.  7^  AS  DIRECTED. 

Shoe  the  horse  sufficiently  often,  to  insure  even  bear- 
ing to  the  shoe  upon  the  wall  only  of  the  foot. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  73,  50  cents. 


CRIB-BITERS,  WIND-SUCKERS, 
STUMP-SUCKERS. 

This  is  not  a  disease,  but  a  habit,  and  you  must  admit 
a  verv  bad  one. 

CAUSES:— In  young  animals  while  cutting  teeth, 
also  while  shedding  teeth  there  is  more  or  less  pain  and  ir- 
ritation. The  colt  to  relieve  its  sufferings,  will  bite  on 
anything  that  is  within  reach,  in  this  way  the  habit  is 
formed.  Other  causes :  Idleness,  indigestion,  and  ac- 
quiring the  habit  from  other  animals  in  the  same  stable. 
The  habit  once  formed,  it  is  difficult  to  overcome  if.  Wind 
sucking  causes  indigestion  and  colic,  and  at  any  time  the 
animal  may  die  from  bloating.  Horses  with  this  habit 
are  unsafe  to  own. 

TREATMENT : — Various     ingenious     devices     have 


26  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

been  constructed  and  used  to  break  the  habit,  with  partial 
success.  Examine  the  teeth  and  after  getting  them  in 
good  condition,  prepare  a  paste  made  of  red  pepper  and 
flour,  and  spread  it  on  the  objects  that  the  horse  is  in  the 
habit  of  using  when  wind  sucking.  As  soon  as  this  habit 
is  noticed  in  the  colt,  he  should  be  broken  of  it  at  once, 
as  it  is  not  so  difficult  to  do  when  taken  in  time. 


CURB. 

Curb  is  a  disease  of  the  hock-joint,  and  consists  of  a 
swelling  immediately  below  the  point  of  that  joint.  It 
may  be  large  and  soft  or  only  a  small,  hard  nodule.  It 
is  the  result  of  sprain  of  the  posterior  straight  ligament; 
this  lisjament  is  usually  sprained  by  the  animal  slipping, 
jumping,  rearing,  or  by  backing  up  violently.  This  dis- 
ease may  or  may  not  be  accompanied  with  lameness. 

TREATMENT:— Shoe  the  horse  with  high  heeled 
shoes,   and   apply  hot   fomentations   and   our 

REMEDY  NO.  85  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  $1.00. 


DIABETES. 

This  is  a  disease  accompanied  by  great  and  frequent 
flow  of  urine.  It  is  caused  by  the  starch  and  some  in- 
gredients of  the  food  being  transferred  into  sugar.  This 
will  occur  more  readily  from  feeding  imperfectly  cured 
oats,  than  from  any  other  diet. 

SYMPTOMS: — An  excessive  flow  of  almost  colorless 
urine,  great  thirst.  Although  the  animal  has  a  ravenous 
appetite,  it  looses  flesh  rapidly.      The  coat  becomes  rough, 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  27 

and  there  is  great  weakness,  emaciation  and  general  de- 
bility. The  duration  of  this  disease,  varies  from  a  few 
days  to  months  and  even  years.  In  some  cases,  it  may 
develop  to  an  alarming  extent  within  a  few  hours,  while 
in  other  cases  the  disease  comes  on  slowly. 

TREATMENT:— Diabetes  is  generally  considered 
incurable,  but  this  is  not  always  the  case;  as  a  small  per- 
centage of  the  ^  cases  can  be  cured.  But  this  percentage 
is  so  small  and  the  treatment  so  expensive,  that  we  do  not 
recommend  it  for  general  use.  To  deny  the  animal  water 
whic'i  it  so  greatly  desires,  does  not  mitigate  the  ailment. 
The  water  must  be  pure ;  nutritious  food  and  plenty  of  it, 
is  an  important  factor.  The  horse  should  have  absolute 
quiet  and  rest.     Our 

REMEDY  NO.  54  GIVEN  AS  DIRECTED, 

will  palliate,  and  prolong  the  life  of  the  horse. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  54,  $2.50. 


DIARRHOEA. 

Diarrhoea  is  the  frequent  discharge  of  fluid  or  semi- 
fluid excrement  or  dung;  caused  by  some  irritant  in  the 
bowels,  which  does  not  pass  freely  away. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  symptoms  of  diarrhoea  are  to 
well  known  to  need  repetition;  but  cases  vary  greatly,  not 
only  m  the  kind  of  fluid  evacuations,  but  in  their  amount 
and  frequency.  A  diarrhoea  from  over-eating,  may  be 
harmless  or  even  beneficial,  in  relieving  an  overtaxed  di- 
gestive system.  Again,  a  profuse  diarrhoea  may  be  ex- 
hausting enough  to  hasten  fatal  issue.  Colicky  pains 
and  cramps  almost  always  accompany  diarrhoea,  attended 
by  profuse  watery  discharge. 


28  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

TREATMENT:— Whatever  the  cause  of  diarrhoea 
may  be,  if  there  is  colicky  pains  attending  it,  allay  the 
pain  at  once  by  giving  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  47  AND  48  AS  DIRECTED. 

After  administering  the  medicine  feed  on  bran 
mashes,  cake  meal,  or  ground  ilaxseed  for  a  few  days;  this 
will  overcome  the  constipating  efifects  of  the  medicines. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  47  and  48  complete,  75  cents. 


DISTEMPER-INFLUENZA— STRANGLES. 

A  name  applied  to  epizootic  catarrh,  and  occurs  more 
frequently  in  the  spring  of  the  year.  It  frequently  is  the 
result  of  a  cold,  as  a  cold  rarely  runs  its  course,  without 
some  complications.  Colts  and  horses  under  five  years 
of  age,  are  more  subject  toi  this  disease  than  older  horses. 
This  is  a  serious  disease  and  should  be  at  once  attended 
to,  to  avoid  serious  complications. 

CAEFSES:— Poison  in  the  air,  sudden  changes  from 
dryness  to  moisture  of  the  earths  surface,  cold  winds  from 
the  east  accompanied  with  dampness,  change  from  one 
climate  to  another. 

SYAIPTOMS: — The  animal  is  taken  with  a  shivering 
fit,  followed  by  fever,  loss  of  appetite,  cough,  mucus  is 
exuded  from  the  nose,  the  eyes  will  begin  to  water  and 
sometimes  maturate.  Prostration,  dullness  and  loss  of 
strength  ;  this  is  followed  by  swelling  of  the  legs,  and  in 
severe  cases  the  belly,  breast,  and  in  males  the  sheath.  If 
the  horse  is  tucked  up  along  the  abdomen,  with  hard  pel- 
lets of  dung  covered  with  mucus,  the  bowels  are  attacked 
and  the  case  is  dangerous.  If  the  lungs  are  attacked, 
there  will  be  a  perceptible  ridge  extending  from  the  flank 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  ■^      29 

to  the  breast  bone,  accompanied  by  short,  hurried  breath- 
ing- and  painful  cough.  When  this  occurs  the  case  is  ex- 
tremely dangerous. 

TREATMENT:— The  death  rate  from  this  disease  is 
•enormous;  therefore,  the  adherence  to  the  treatment  is 
absolutely  necessary.  Place  the  animal  in  a  cool,  (not 
co'ld)  airy  stall  free  from  draughts,  lightly  blanketed.  If 
the  animal  is  constipated,  give  a  grown  horse  four  ounces 
Glauber  Salts,  or  two  ounces  to  a  colt,  in  the  morning; 
if  the  bowels  do  not  operate,  repeat  the  dose  at  night. 
Follow  this  by  administering  our 
REMEDIES  NOS.  23,  24  AND  25  AS  DIRECTED. 
Place  plenty  of  cold  water  before  the  horse,  so  he  can 
drink  as  much  as  he  wants;  this  will  assist  in  his  recovery. 
Do  not  work  the  animal  before  it  has  thoroughly  recover- 
ed, as  a  relapse  might  follow.  Allow  exercise,  as  this 
will  be  a  benefit,  but  do  not  turn  the  exercise  into 
work.  When  lung  complications  are  present,  apply 
mustard  plasters  along  the  belly  and  sides.  The  above 
treatment  carefully  followed,  will  place  your  animal  on 
the  road  to  recovery  in  a  few  days. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  2^,  24  and  25  complete,  $2.50. 


DROPSY. 

Every  farmer  is  familiar  with  the  term  dropsy,  which 
means  an  unnatural  accumulation  of  water  in  the  cavities 
of  the  body — chest,  heart-case,  belly,  breast,  sheath,  and 
cellular  tissue  of  the  legs.  The  causes  of  this  disease  are 
many  and  various.  Tow  diet  or  deteriorated  food,  ex- 
cessive bleeding,  blistering,  effects  of  fevers,  and  some- 
times   results    from   epizootic   influenza.        Injury   to   any 


30  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

part  of  the  body,  may  be  followed  by  watery  swellings 
around  the  injury.  Rumbling  of  the  bowels  is  invariably 
a  constant  symptom.  Should  diarrhoea  make  its  ap- 
pearance, check  it  immediately  or  the  disease  will  prove 
fatal. 

TREATMENT: — It  is  necessary  that  the  animal 
have  blood-making  food  and  medicines.  The  food  should 
consist  of  cornmeal  mixed  with  bran  and  cut  hay.  Grass, 
if  it  can  be  had,  is  preferable.  A  pint  of  strong, beef  tea 
or  soup  given  daily  will  be  of  great  benefit.  An  abun- 
dance of  fresh  air  and  light  is  necessary,  and  regulate  the 
bowels  with  a  pint  of  raw  linseed  oil.  Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  30  AS  DIRECTED, 
and  a  speedy  recovery  will  be  the  result. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  30,  $1.00. 


FOUNDER— INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  FEET. 

(Laminitis.) 

Founder  is  an  inflammation  of  the  leaves,  which  dove- 
tail into  each  other,  and  bind  the  sensible  and  insensible 
portions  of  the  foot  together.  This  disease  is  of  frequent 
occurrence,  and  when  left  to  itself,  destroys  many  good 
horses  by  leaving  them  forever  afterwards  tender  in  front. 

CAUSES : — Drinking  cold  water  when  overheated  and 
exhausted  from  over  work.  Eating  grain  to  excess,  or  feed- 
ing on  gieen  corn,  driving  barefooted  on  hard  roads,  or 
having  a  nail  driven  to  close  in  the  shoe. 

SYMPTOMS:— At  first  the  horse  will  stand  with  the 
fore  feet  forward,  and  the  legs  are  so  stifT  it  will  be  im- 
possible to  move  or  bend  them.  But  in  a  short  time,  he 
will  stretch  the  fore  feet  and  legs  out  as  far  as  he  can,  to 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  31 

throw  the  weight  off  of  them.  The  hind  legs  are  brought 
far  in  under  the  horse,  the  head  is  erect  and  high.  W!hen 
the  animal  is  forced  to  move,  it  staggers,  jumps,  and  is 
inclined  to  lie  down;  is  extremely  excitable,  and  is  the 
picture  of  great  distress.  If  only  one  foot  is  attacked,  the 
animal  will  keep  the  suffering  foot  raised  most  of  the  time. 
TREATMENT: — Prepare  an  airy  stall  with  an  abun- 
dance of  good  bedding,  move  the  horse  into  it,  and  en- 
courage it  to  lie  down  which  will  give  great  relief.  Give 
our 

REMEDY  NO.  68  AS  DIRECTED. 
Apply  ice  water  or  cold  water  cloths  to  the  feet;  in 
a  few  hours,  possibly  you  will  be  able  to  remove  the 
shoes;  in  doing  this,  every  nail  should  be  made  loose  and 
as  little  hammering  on  the  foot  as  possible.  By  per- 
suading the  animal  to  lie  down,  administering  our  remedy 
No.  68  and  applying  cold  water  cloths,  in  a  day  or  two 
the  horse  will  be  none  the  worse  from  the  attack;  but  this 
disease  when  left  to  itself,  will  render  the  horse  unfit  for 
use  ever  afterwards.  After  thorough  recovery,  shoe 
carefully,  and  keep  the  feet  soft.  Do  not  put  the  animal 
to  work  to  soon.  Exercise  gently,  but  to  much  exercise 
is  harmful. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  68,  $i.oo. 


GALLS— SORE  SHOULDERS. 

These  sores  are  caused  by  chafing  of  the  harness  or 
saddle.      Galls  are  quickly  healed  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  63  APPLIED  AS  DIRECTED. 
For  raw  sores  of  any  description,  our  remedy  No.  63 


32  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

is   superior   to  any   preparation   for    this   purpose   on   the 
market. 

Price  of  remedy; No.  63,  50  cents. 


GENERAL  DEBILITY. 

General  debihty  is  a  breaking  down  of  the  entire  sys- 
tem. 

CAUSES: — Improper  treatment  of  diseases,  bleeding, 
or  giving  powerful  physics,  when  there  is  no  need  of  it. 
Innutritions  food  and  the  wrong  diet  to  a  sick  horse,  when 
he  should  be  supported  during  his  sickness,  with  good 
digestible  food.  The  neglect,  or  want  of  experience  on 
this  point,  has  been  the  indirect  means  of  killing  thousands 
of  horses,  that  would  have  recovered.  Error,  and  neglect 
has  caused  loss  to  the  farmer  of  many  dollars. 

SYMPTOMS:— Swelling  of  the  legs,  sheath,  breast 
and  belly;  these  swellings  are  not  inflammatory,  but  soft, 
and  contains  fluid.  Breathing  is  disturbed.  Weakness 
.of  the  horse  is  very  prominent,  and  in  cases  where  debility 
is  of  long  standing,  the  horse  staggers  while  walking,  and 
can  be  easily  pushed  ofif  his  feet  by  the  hand.  Excessive 
weakness  overcomes  the  animal,  and  it  falls  to  the  ground. 

TREATMENT: — The  animal  thus  affected,  rapidly 
becomes  weak  and  debilitated,  and  unless  you  come  to  its 
rescue,  this  breaking  down  will  result  in  the  loss  of  the 
animal's  life.  The  first  necessity  is  good,  wholesome, 
nutritious  food;  pure  water,  and  blood  making  medicine. 
Our 

REMEDY  NO.  96  GIVEN  AS  DIRECTED, 
will  build  up  the  blood,  muscles,  appetite,  and  in  a  short 
time  the  horse  will  gain  flesh  and  strength.       Be  sure  the 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  33 

animal  is  thoroughly  restored  to  health,  before  it  is  put  to 
hard  work.  Do  not  confound  our  remedy  No.  96,  with 
the  much  advertised  condition  powders.  Our  remedy  is 
a  medicine,  which  acts  directly  upon  the  proper  functions, 
that  produces  good  blood,  fiesh  and  strength.  An  oc- 
casional dose  of  our  remedy  No.  96,  given  10  a  well 
horse,  will  prevent  its  running  down,  and  it  will  be  able  to 
endure  the  seasons  work  without  feeling  that  fatigue,  usual- 
ly felt  by  horses  while  performing  hard  labor. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  96,  $1.00. 


GLANDERS— FARCY. 

Glanders  is  a  domestic  disease.  Among  the  many 
causes  we  will  enumerate:  keeping  in  damp,  impure  stables, 
improper  feeding,  and  debilitating  diseases,  as  epizootic  in- 
fluenza, catarrh,  lung  fever,  grease  heels  or  any  disease 
capable  of  generating  pus;  this  pus  is  absorbed  into  the 
general  circulation,  forming  a  ferment  in  the  blood;  the 
result  of  nature  trying  to  rid  itself  of  this  offending  mat- 
ter, is  seen  in  the  ulcerations  of  the  lining  membrane  O'f 
the  nose. 

SYMPTOMS: — Glanders  are  recognized  by  ulcera- 
tions of  the  lining  membrane  of  the  nose.  These  ulcers 
discharge  pus  of  a  yellowish  color,  later  a  greenish  color ; 
this  pus  is  very  tenacious  or  sticky,  rapidly  drying  up 
when  spread  over  the  nostrils,  and  sinking  in  water.  There 
is  one  symptom  that  is  never  absent  in  this  disease,  and 
that  is  the  enlarged  gland  under  the  jaw.  Horses  af-, 
fected  with  chronic  glanders  will  live  and  work  for  years, 
which  fact,  has  caused  dissatisfaction  with  local  laws,pro- 
hibiting  the  use  of  glandered  horses. 


34  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

TREATMENT: — During  treatment  the  horse  must 
be  given  plenty  of  nutritious  food,  and  removed  from 
other  horses  to-  a  comfortable  place,  where  he  will  have 
plenty  fresh  air.  Change  the  feed  often,  in  order  to  get 
all  the  elements  that  the  blood  requires,  this  will  aid  in 
toning  up  the  appetite.  If  the  appetite  fails  it  will  be  im- 
possible to  effect  a  cure.    Give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  28  AND  29  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  the  horse  has  simple  glanders  without  tubercules, 
its  recovery  will  be  speedily  effected.  But  if  the  disease 
is  associated  with  tubercules  of  the  lungs,  it  can  not  be 
cured. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  28  and  29  complete,  $3.00. 


GRAVEL  IN  FOOT. 

TREATMENT: — Wash  out  the  gravel  if  possible,  if 
you  are  unable  to  do  this,  remove  some  of  the  horn,  then 
wash  out  thoroughly.  After  the  gravel  has  been  removed, 
wash  the  parts  thoroughly  with  the  following  solution:    . 

Water   One-half  pint. 

Carbolic  Acid Two  teaspoonsful.  Mix, 

If  there  is  much  inflammation  and  lameness,  apply  for 
twenty-four  hours  a  flaxseed  meal  poultice  to  the  sole  of 
the  foot.  On  removing  the  poultice,  wash  thoroughly 
and  fill  the  cavity  with  warm  shoemakers  wax.  Previously 
wetting  the  hands  will  prevent  the  wax  sticking  to  the 
fingers. 


GREASE  HEEL. 

This  troublesome  ailment,  is  the  result  of  supurative 
inflammatory   action   of  the  skin  and   heels  of  the  legs. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  ^       35 

Usually  the  hind  leg.  It  is  more  frequently  ^met  with  in 
coarse-bred,  heavy,  western  horses,  than  in  fine-bred 
horses. 

CAUSES : — Change  of  temperature,  continuous  driv- 
ing on  sloppy  streets  or  mudy  roads,  wet  barnyards,  stables, 
or  lands. 

SYMPTOMS: — Heels  become  swollen  and  crack 
open;  small  scabs  form  and  are  very  painful  and  feverish. 
The  horse  when  first  starting,  will  lift  the  affected  foot  high 
and  will  be  quite  lame;  but  recovers  from  the  lameness 
after  traveling  a  short  distance.  This  disease  demands 
attention  and  treatment,  before  the  case  becomes  aggra- 
vated; at  which  time  the  swelling  increases,  cracks  break 
across  the  heel,  and  a  yellowish  discharge  exudes.  Later 
on  when  the  disease  becomes  more  aggravated,  it  develops 
into  what  is  termed  the  "grapy"  stage,  in  which  the  flesh 
very  much  resembles  a  bunch  of  grapes. 

TREATMENT: — Keep  the  diseased  parts  clean  and 
dry;  do  not  clip  the  hair  around  the  heels,  as  this  invar- 
iably proves  an  irritant,  and  has  been  known  as  a  cause 
of  this  disease.       Our 

REMEDY  NO.  62  APPLIED  AS  DIRECTED, 
will  not  only  relieve  the  animal  at  once,  but  will  efifect  a 
speedy  cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  62,  $1.00. 


HEAVES. 

Heaves  in  horses  is  the  same  as  asthma  in  man. 

CAUSES: — Feeding  on  dusty  clover  hay;  debility  of 
the  parA^agum  nerve.  Large  horses  with  small  chests  are 
more   subject   to    this    disease.        Some    authorities    claim 


36  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

that  heaves  is  a  hereditary  disease.  Overloading  the 
stomach  with  bulky  food,  which  causes  distention  of  the 
stomach  aggravates  this  disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Heaves  being  a  disease  so  thoroughly 
known  to  the  horse  owner,  we  deem  it"  unnecessary  to  con- 
sume space  in  describing  it,  therefore  we  will  give  our  at- 
tention to  the  treatment. 

TREATMENT: — Keep  the  animal  in  the  open  air  as 
much  as  possible;  only  shelter  in  bad  or  severe  weather. 
Pasture  diet  is  best  for  this  disease.  Use  as  little  hay  or 
rough  feed  as  possible,  but  when  this  feed  is  all  that  is 
available,  always  dampen  before  feeding  it.  Give  the 
feed  in  small  quantities.       Our 

REMEDY  NO.  41  AS  DIRECTED, 

will  not  only  check  the  cough,  but  will  cure  the  disease 
permanently. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  41,  $3.00. 


HIDE  BOUND. 

Hide  bound  is  not  a  disease,  but  is  a  symptom  of  an 
impared  condition  of  the  animal. 

SYAH^TOMS:— The  skin  is  dry,  dirty  and  full  of 
dandruff;  hair  stands  the  wrong  way;  the  hide  is  so  tightly 
drawn  over  the  ribs,  that  it  can  scarcely  be  moved  from 
them. 

TREATMENT:— Feed  mixed  feed— cut  hay,  corn- 
meal,  and  bran  in  good  proportion,  with  only  sufficient 
water  to  keep  the  mass  together.     Give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  66  OR  67  AS  DIECTED. 
In   ordering  remedies   for  this   disease   state  if  your 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  j      37 

horse  is  fat  or  poor;  if  the  horse  is  poor,  use  remedy  No. 
66.      If  the  horse  is  fat  use  remedy  No.  dy  as  directed. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  66,  $i.oo. 

Price  of  remedy   No.  67,  $1.00. 

Price    of   both   remedies,   $175. 


HIP  AND  SHOULDER  LAMENESS. 

CAUSES:— The  causes  of  these  ailments  are  varied. 
They  are  most  frequently  caused  by  a  slip,  side  fall,  kicks, 
bruises,  sprains  and  rheumatism.  Shoulder  lameness  is 
common  in  young  horses,  when  plowing  in  the  furrow. 
To  detect  shoulder  lameness  from  lameness  in  any  other 
part  of  the  body,  take  the  leg  which  is  lame  by  the  pastern, 
and  gently  pull  it  straight  out  from  the  body  of  the  horse 
in  front,  and  gently  to  the  out  side;  if  it  is  shoulder  lame- 
ness, the  horse  will  show  evidence  of  pain,  and  if  it  is  a 
spirited  animal,  it  will  get  up  from  the  ground  with  the 
sound  leg,  and  endeavor  to  wrest  the  lame  leg  from  you. 

TREATMENT:— Apply  hot    water    cloths    over    the 
point  of  the  shoulder,  for  one  or  two  days.     The  length  of 
time   for   the   continuance   of   these   applications,   will   be 
governed  by  the  seriousness  of  the  case.     Apply  our 
REMEDY  NO.  88  AS  DIRECTED. 

The  farmer  should  never  be  without  this  remedy.  It 
is  essential  to  have  it  convenient  for  sprains,  soreness  and 
lameness. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  88,  $1.00. 


INDIGESTION-GORGED  STOMACH. 

Is   cau=ed   by  eating  rapidly   of  bulky  food.        Espe- 
riallv  horses  that  are  very  hungry  after  a  hsrd  day's  work, 


36  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

are  inclined  to  gorge  their  stomachs  with  poorly  masti- 
cated food.  Cases  do  occur,  occasionally,  if  the  horse  is 
left  standing  in  the  stable  without  sufficient  exercise.  Idle- 
ness begets  indigestion,  and  indigestion  begets  crib-biting. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  stomach  becomes  distended  both 
from  food  and  gas.  Pawing  with  the  fore  feet,  laying 
down  on  its  breast,  trying  to  vomit ;  there  are  frequent 
eructions  from  the  stomach.  If  the  animal  should  sit  upon 
its  haunches,  or  if  vomiting  actually  occurs,  the  symptoms 
are  dangerous  and  a  fatal  termination  may  be  expected. 

TREATMENT: — Sufficient  action  must  be  produced 
to  throw  ofif  the  contents  of  the  stomach,  therefore,  give  a 
physic  prepared  as  follows: 

Powdered  Barbadoes  Aloes One  ounce. 

Calomel    One   drachm. 

Gentian    Three  drachms.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  If  the  above  is  not  convenient, 
give  one  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil,  as  the  stomach  must  be 
unloaded  as  quickly  as  possible.  Injections  of  soap  and 
warm  water  are  beneficial.  A  moderate  amount  of  ex- 
ercise is  also  beneficial,  and  for  several  days  after  the  at- 
tack feed  the  animal  on  soft  feed,  or  easily  digested  food. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  BOWELS. 

(Enteritis.) 

CAUSES: — Drinking  cold  water  in  large  quantities 
when  over-heated.  Exposure  to  draughts.  Constipa- 
tion, diarrhoea,  indigestion,  overwork.  Somteimes  caused 
bv  colic  when  not  properly  treated. 

SYMP'^OMS  : — Acute  continuous  pain  in  the  bellv, 
in  this  respect  differing  from  colic,  fas  in  soasmodic  colic 
the  pain  comes  on  in  spasms  with  frequent  intermissions.) 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  39 

Pawing-,  uneasiness,  shifting  about,  perspiring,  breathing 
rapid,  excessive  fever,  horse  becomes  very  much  excited, 
rolHng  and  tunibhng.  There  is  a  congested  or  red  ap- 
pearance of  the  nose,  mouth  and  eyes,  desire  to  drink 
small  quantities  ol  water.  The  expression  of  the  eyes  are 
staring  and  glassy.    The  ears  and  legs  become  cold. 

TREATMENT :— The  first  efiforts  are  to  lessen     the 
pain  immediately.       To  accomplish  this  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  45  AS  DIRECTED. 

Apply  hot  applications  to  the  belly,  by  wringing  blank- 
ets from  hot  water  (not  warm)  and 'keep  the  hot  blankets 
constantly  over  the  bowels.  But  care  must  be  exercised 
after  discontinuing  these  applications,  to  protect  the  animal 
from  exposure  to  cold  or  draughts  by  blanketing.  Rub 
the  legs  briskly  with  alcohol  and  bandage  with  flannel. 
Give  the  following  injection:  one  pint  warm  (not  hot) 
soaosuds  to  which  add  small  handful  table  salt.  Should 
the  bowels  not  move,  repeat  the  injection  every  half-hour 
imtil  vou  have  administered  it  four  times.  When  the  ani- 
mal is  recovering,  soft  food  as  bran  mash,  linseedmeal, 
etc..  should  compose  its  diet.  Exercise  gently. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  45,  75  cents. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  BLADDER. 

(Cystitis.) 

Cvstitis  is  an  inflammation  of  the  mncus  membrane 
lining  the  urinary  bladder.  The  whole  or  part  of  the 
bladder  mav  be  involved.  Tt  ma^-  be  the  ^'=sn\t  of  fo'^eign 
bodies,  csneciallv  stones  in  the  bladder.  Protracted  re- 
tention of  the  urin^,  or  expo^^ure  to  wet  or  cold  whi^e  per- 
sp'ring  wiU  also  cause  it. 


40  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

SYMPTOMS:— Inflammation  of  the  bladder,  is  al- 
ways accompanied  by  frequent  desire  to  pass  urine,  only 
a  small  amount  being-  voided  at  each  attempt;  after  its 
passag-e,  the  horse  strains  to  pass  what  it  immagines  is  still 
retained  in  the  bladder.  Evinces  uneasiness  by  lying 
down  and  getting  up  again.  Great  tenderness  under  the 
bellv  over  the  bladder.       Straddles  while  walking. 

TREATMENT: — Feed  on  bran  mashes,  and  give 
flaxseed  tea  to  drink;  if  the  horse  will  not  drink  the  tea, 
give  as  a  drench.       Give  our 

REMEDY   NO.   57  AS   DIRECTED. 

Apply   large  poultices  and  very  hot  fomentations  to 

the  belly,  over  the  bladder.     Give  plenty, of  cold  water  to 

drink.       If  the  urine  is  entirely  stopped,  it  should  be  drawn 

with  a  catheter,  with  out  delay,  by  an  experienced  person. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  57,  $1.00. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  EYE. 

CAUSES  are  many — Dust  or  chaff  falling  from  the 
feed  racks  above  the  head,  which  gets  into  the  eyes.  Ex- 
posure to  cold.  Improper  ventilated  stables  will  produce 
inflammation  of  the  eyes. 

SYMPTOMS:— The  eyes  become  red  or  bloodshot 
and  a  thick  mucus  exudes.  The  eyelids  swell  and  be- 
come hot  and  feverish;  if  not  relieved  a  film  spreads  over 
the  eye.  The  horse  keeps  the  eyelids  closed  the  greater 
portion  of  the  time. 

TREATMENT:— Use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  58  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  41 

INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  KIDNEYS. 

(Nephritis.) 

Inflammation  of  the  kidneys  is  a  disease  of  infrequent 
occurrence.  It  is  produced  by  spraining  the  loins  from 
pulling-  hard^or  being  over-weighted.  Being  exposed  to 
the  cold  when  over  heated,  or  from  powerful  blisters.  An- 
other cause  is,  taking  into  the  stomach  medicines  which 
are  irritating  to  the  kidneys. 

SYMPTOMS  :— The  animal  roaches  its  back  and  strad- 
dles when  walking.  Symptoms  of  pain  as  in  colic;  lies 
down  very  carefully,  urine  highly  colored  and  voided 
frequently.  High  fever,  swelling  of  the  legs;  swelling  dis- 
appears  when  the  horse  is  exercised. 

TREATMENT:— Give  the  animal  a  comfortable  place 
and  blanket  well.  Hot  applications  across  tthe  loins  will 
assist  in  relieving  the  inflammation.  Give  as  a  physic  one 
quart  of  raw  hnseed  oil,  and  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  56  AS  DIRECTED. 

While  giving  remedy  No.  56  keep  the  bowels  open, 
by  feeding  on  soft  feed.  If  this  is  not  sufficient  to  keep 
the  bowels  loose,  repeat  the  above  physic. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  56,  $1.00. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LIVER. 

(Hepatitis.) 

Inflammation  of  the  liver  is  more  prevalent  in  horses 
that  are  highly  fed.  and  have  little  to  do.  This  disease  ap- 
pears more  frequently  in  a  chornic  form,  than  acute. 

SYMPTOMS: — Pain  and  lameness  in  the  right  shoul- 
der are  characteristic  of  liver  disease;  the  membranes  of 
the  eye,  nose  and  mouth  appear  yellow,  the  bowels  become 


42  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

constipated,  and  the  dung  is  clay  colored;  urine  scanty  and 
hig-h  colored.  If  treatment  for  this  disease  is  neglected, 
suppuration  or  an  abcess  will  be  formed,  which  breaks 
into  the  bowels,  or  becomes  absorbed.  The  absorbtion 
of  this  pus  is  a  prolific  cause  of  glanders. 
TREATMENT:— Give;  our 

REMEDY  NO.  95  AS  DIRECTED. 

Feed  the  horse  green  and  soft  feed,  which  assists  in 
producing  a  free  action  of  the  bowels. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  95,  $1.00. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LYMPHATICS. 

(Lymphangitis.) 

Lymphangitis  most  frequently  attacks  coarse-bred, 
heavy  horses.  The  lymphatic  glands  become  gorged,  and 
pour  out  tlie  lymph  into  the  blood  vessels  causing  a  swell- 
ing, which  exhibits  to  the  sense  of  feeling,  irregular  prom- 
inences under  the  skin. 

SYMPTOMS: — Irregular  lumps  under  the  skin. 
There  is  a  stiffness  of  the  part  affected,  accompanied  with 
fever;  in  a  few  days  the  heat,  pain  and  swelling  will  di- 
minish, and  the  horse  will  move  more  easily. 

TREATMENT : — If  the  case  is  mild,  fomentations  of 
warm  water  should  be  applied  to  relieve  heat,  tension, 
and  pain;  exercise  moderately,  and  give  soft  feed,  such  as 
cut-mess,  bran  ?nd  green  food,  and  the  animal  will  recover 
in  two  or  three  days. 

Should  the  case  be  a  severe  one,  the  horse  will  re- 
quire immediate  attention,  as  big  leg  frequently  follows 
this  disease  when  neglected.  Therefore,  it  is  necessary  to 
give  as  soon  as  possible,  a  physic  composed  of 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  43 

Barbadoes  Aloes   One  ounce. 

Ging-er Two  drachms. 

Mix  in  half-pint  of  water  and  give  at  one  dose.     Ap 
ply  fomentations  of  equal  parts  of  hot  water  and  vinegar, 
to  the  swollen  part  for  twenty  minutes  every  two  hours; 
each  time  after  fomenting  wipe  dry  and  bandage  with  flan- 
nel.    After  the  physic  has  operated,  give  our 

REAIEDY  NO.  42  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  our  treatment  is  carefully  followed,  the, animal  will 
recover  quickly,  without  retaining  the  least  indication  of  big 
leg  or  thick  leg. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  42,  $1.25. 
Have  you  got  an  animal  which  has  big  leg?  (Elephan- 
tiasis).      If  you  have,  try  our 

REMEDY  NO.  43  AS  DIRECTED. 
It  never  fails  to  eflfect  a  cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  43,  $1.00. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LUNGS. 

(See  Lung  Fever.) 


KNEE  SPRUNG. 

This  usually  is  caused  by  driving  or  working  a  young 
horse  continuously,  or  to  much  before  the  animal  has  ar- 
rived at  maturity.  Although  it  may  be  caused,  from 
sprains,  or  the  result  of  some  disease. 

TREATMENT:— In  old  horses  but  little  can  be  done. 
In  young  horses  the  use  of  our 

REMEDY  NO.  89  APPLIED  AS  DIRECTED, 

will  effect  a  cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  89,  $1.00. 


44       '  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

LAMPAS— SWOLLEN  GUMS. 

Lampas  is  a  name  applied  to  swelling  of  the  gums  of 
young  horses,  caused  from  teething;  but  may  occur  at  any 
age  from  diseases  of  the  stomach,  most  frequently  from 
indigestion. 

TREATMENT :— When  colts  are  teething,  it  is  ad- 
visable to  pinch  the  gums  with  the  nail  of  the  thumb  until 
they  bleed,  and  rub  on  a  little  table  salt.  This  is  much 
better  than  burning  the  mouth  with  hot  irons,  the  effect 
which,  the  animal  never  forgets  or  forgives,  as  is  shown 
afterwards,  in  any  attempt  to  do  anything  about  its  head. 

In  old  horses,  as  soon  as  the  stomach  is  in  healthy 
condition,  the  gums  will  cease  to  give  annoyance.  There- 
fore, it  will  be  necessary  to  treat  the  stomach  to  efTect  a 
cure. 


LUNG  FEVER— INFLAMMATION  OF  THE 

LUNGS. 
(Pneumonia.) 

CAUSES : — The  exciting  causes  of  lung-  fever  is  be- 
lieved to  be  a  micro-organism,  yet  its  positive  identifica- 
tion is  not  assured.  Lung  fever  is  generally  endemic, 
though  it  may  become  epidemic.  Frequently,  however, 
when  it  appears  to  be  epidemic,  it  will  be  found  that  the 
horses  afifected  have  been  exposed  to  the  same  depressing 
influences.  Among  the  predisposing  causes,  age  ranks 
first.  There  are  three  periods  in  the  horses  life,  in  which 
the  liabilit}'  to  lung  fever  is  greatest :  Colts ;  horses  between 
the  agfes  of  eight  to  ten  years,  and  after  fifteen  years  old. 

The  general  bodily  condition  at  and  before  the  lung 
fever  seizure,  has  but  little  predisposing  influence.  It  is 
a  question   whether  the  stronger  or  the  weak  are  oftenest 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  45 

attacked.  One  attack  of  lung  fever  predisposes  to  others. 
When  kmg  fever  follows  a  severe  blow  or  injury  to  the 
chest,  the  injury  must  be  looked  on  as  a  predisposing  cause. 
Cold  does  not  effect  the  lung  fever  rate,  except  in  colts  and 
old  horses.  March  and  April  statistics  usually  exhibit  the 
highest  lung  fever  rate.  Colts  and  old  horses  are  greatly 
depressed  by  the  intense  cold  of  winter,  and  the  chilling 
winds  of  March  and  April. 

SYMPTOMS: Generally    the    horse  is  seized  with 

a  chill,  which  usually  occurs  in  the  night.  This  chill  is 
nitense  and  lasts  from  one-half  of  an  hour  to  three  hours. 
A  distinct  chill  is  less  frequent  in  lung  fever  of  an  old 
horse;  yet  when  an  old  horse  has  a  marked  chill,  lung 
fever  may  always  be  suspected.  A  protracted  fit  of  shiver- 
ing and  pain  in  the  side,  are  the  two  initial  symptoms  in 
about  fifty  per  cent,  of  the  cases  of  lung  fever.  In  the 
other  half  of  the  cases,  the  onset  is  attended  by  slight  in- 
crease in  the  frequency,  and  irregularity  of  breathing, 
slight  fever,  short  hacking  cough  and  an  appearance  of 
great  exhaustion.  With  these  initial  symptoms,  there  is 
a  rapid  rise  in  temperature  accompanied  by  pain  in  the 
side,  which  is  aggravated  by  coughing  and  deep  breathing. 
The  breathing  is  difficult,  cough,  expectoration, , the  coun- 
tenance anxious,  loss  of  appetite,  and  intense  thirst.  The 
urine  is  scanty  and  dark.  The  bowels  are  constipated. 
The  respiration  is  more  constantly  increased  in  frequency 
in  lung  fever,  than  any  other  disease.  The  breathing  is 
panting,  not  "catching"  in  character.  Cough  is  present 
in  ninety  per  cent,  of  the  cases.  It  comes  on  within  twen- 
ty-four hours  after  the  advent  of  the  disease.  At  first  it 
is  short,  "hacking"  in  character. 

TREATMENT: — It  is  absolutely  necessary  to  have  a 


46       '  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

comfortable  airy  place  for  the  animal,  but  draughts  must 
be  avoided,  as  under  the  treatment  the  patient  will  be  very 
susceptible.  Blanket  the  horse  and  rub  the  legs  briskly 
with  the  hands;  if  you  fail  to  create  any  warmth  by  rub- 
bing, take  a  half-pint  of  whisky  and  one-eighth  teaspoon- 
ful  of  cayenne  pepper,  apply  to  the  legs,  then  bandage  with 
flannel  as  high  as  they  are  cold.  It  is  necessary  tO'  keep 
the  legs  warm  in  all  seasons,  as  this  will  relieve  the  lungs 
of  a  portion  of  the  blood.  Physic  should  not  be  given, 
but  the  bowels  should  be  loosened  by  giving  injections  of 
warm  soapsuds  and  feeding  soft  foods.  Blisters  or  other 
irritants  applied  to  the  sides,  in  the  early  stages,  is  apt  to 
do  harm;  but  blisters  or  mustard  plasters  should  be  ap- 
plied after  the  third  or  fourth  day.    Give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  35,  36  AND  37  AS  DIRECTED. 

Under  ordinary  circumstances  this  treatment  will  be 
effective.       But  bear  in  mind  if  the  animal  does  not  have 
prompt  assistance,  there  is  little  hope  for  its  recovery. 
Price  of  remedies  Nos.  35,  36  and  37  complete,  $2.00 


LOCK  JAW— TETANUS. 

Lock-jaw  is  a  partial  tetanus,  only  the  mucles  of  the 
jaw  and  neck  being  contracted  or  fixed. 

Tetanus  is  a  disease  consisting  in  permanent  contrac- 
tion of  all  the  muscles,  or  merely  some,  without  alterations 
of  relaxation. 

CAUSES: — This  disease  frequently  occurs  from  in- 
juring the  foot  with  a  rusty  nail,  or  from  other  injuries, 
as  wounds  and  fractures  or  from  castration.  It  is  some- 
times caused  from  excessive  fright,  but  it  may  appear  with- 
out any  assignable  cause. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  47 

SYMPTOMS:— Closure  of  the  jaws;  difficulty  of 
swallowin«T ;  rigidity  and  immobility  of  the  limbs  and  body, 
eyes  drawn  back  into  the  sockets ;  and  the  haw,  (membrana 
nictitans),  will  almost  cover  the  eyes;  on  approaching  the 
animal  it  manifests  great  fear.  The  extended  and  dilated 
nostrils,  and  the  fixed  ears,  tell  the  fact,  very  plainly,  that 
the  muscles  of  the  head  and  neck  are  beyond  control  of 
the  animal. 

TREATMENT: — Remove  the  suffering  animal  into 
a  place  where  it  will  have  plenty  of  air,  and  be  free  from 
any  sound  or  sight  to  disturb  it.  Do  not  allow  any  curious 
person  to  enter,  as  it  would  annoy  the  patient.  At  once 
try  to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  attack;  if  f^om  injury  or 
wounds  of  any  kind,  the  wounds  or  injuries  should  at  once 
be  dressed  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  97  AS  DIRECTED. 

Remedy  No.  97  will  soothe  the  irritated  nerves  of  the 
part.  An  occasional  poultice  of  flaxseed  to  the  injuries, 
will  also  prove  beneficial.     Give  internally  our 

REMEDY  NO.  98  AS  DIRECTED. 
Place  a  pail  of  cold,  thin  gruel  where  the  horse  can  get 
at  it,  without  making  an  effort  to  reach  it.  This  will  un- 
doubtedly be  all  it  will  be  enabled  to  take,  during  a  period 
of  from  three  to  sixteen  days.  Renew  the  gruel  once  a  dav 
and  keep  it  sweet;  the  animal  may  be  able  to  suck  this 
through  its  teeth.  Any  diet  the  horse  has  been  fond  of 
should  also  be  placed  within  its  reach,  so  as  no  opportunity 
be  lost  whereby  his  stomach  may  be  filled,  and  thereby  sup- 
porting strength  to  his  overtaxed  system.  Also^  keep  a 
pail  of  cool  water  before  the  animal.  It  probably  will  not 
care  to  drink  much,  but  will  use  the  water  to  cool  its 
mouth.       Do  not  allow  any  one  to  go  near  the  stricken 


48  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

horse  but  yourself;  and  do  not  go  yourself  any  more  often 
than  is  absolutely  necessary.  Before  entering  the  place  the 
horse  is  confined  in,  have  the  gruel  and  other  food,  water, 
and  everything  at  hand,  so  that  only  one  journey  will  be 
necessary  to  accomplish  much.  By  using  great  precaution 
in  entering,  and  by  making  the  least  noise  you  possibly  can, 
much  suffering  can  be  avoided  and  the  chances  of  recovery 
increased.  Always  open  and  close  the  door  slow  and 
carefully,  so  as  not  to  make  any  noise.  The  animal's  re- 
covery will  depend  to  some  extent  on  keeping  it  perfectly 
quiet,  and  remember  after  the  animal  has  commenced  to 
convalesce,  a  little  fright  or  to  startle  it  may  place  it  back 
in  a  worse  condition  than  at  first.  External  applications 
do  not  seem  to  alleviate  this  disease,  but  are  inclined  to 
aggravate  it. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  97,  75  cents. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  98,  $1.50. 


MANGE— ITCH-SCABIES. 

Mange  is  a  skin  disease  which  affects  almost  all  do- 
mestic animals,  but  especially  the  horse,  sheep,  cow,  and 
dog.  This  disease  is  caused  by  an  insect  called  acari, 
breeding  and  burrowing  in  the  skin.     (See  Scab  in  Sheep.) 

SYMPTOMS:— Sm.all  itching  pustules  form  about  the 
head  and  neck,  and  under  the  mane.  After  these  pustules 
break,  a  small 'scab  is  formed  and  the  itching  becomes  so 
intense,  that  the  horse  will  rub  itself  against  any  object  it 
has  access  to;  frequently  rubbing  the  hair  and  skin  off. 
But  even  if  the  animal  is  prevented  from  rubbing  itself, 
the  hair  will  drop  off,  and  in  severe  cases  the  mane  and 
tail  will  fall  off,  exposing  an  angry  red  colored  skin;  after 
which  there  is  dryness  and  whiteness  of  the  skin  accom- 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  49 

panied  with  excessive  itching.  This  disease  is  so  con- 
tagious that  healthy  horses  will  contract  it,  by  simply  rub- 
bing themselves  against  an  object,  where  a  mangy  horse 
has  previously  rubbed. 

TREATMENT:— Apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  64  AS  DIRECTED. 

Theji  wash  the  diseased  parts  thoroughly  with  warm 
soapsuds  applied  with  a  soft  brush,  after  which  dry  care- 
fully; then  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  65  AS  DIRECTED. 

Remedies  Nos.  64  and  65  will  speedily  cure  the  mange, 
and  kill  the  insects  which  produce  it;  thereby  avoiding  a 
reappearance  of  the  disease.  It  is  extremely  necessary  to 
thoroughly  wash  and  disinfect,  by  using  a  mixture  of  sul- 
phur or  lime  and  water,  every  object  the  mangy  horse  has 
come  hi  contact  with.  Viz:  Mangers,  harness,  combs, 
brushes,  stalls,  posts,  etc.      The  blankets  should  be  boiled. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  64  and  65  complete,  $1.00. 


MOON  BLINDNESS— PERIODIC  OPTHALMIA. 

« 

This  usually  terminates  in  cataract  and  is  a  serious  dis- 
ease. Consists  of  an  inflammation  of  the  internal  parts  of 
the  eye-ball. 

SYMPTOMS:— In  the  morning  the  eyelids  will  be 
found  closed.  The  eye  is  dim  and  clouded,  a  yellow  bor- 
der composed  of  pus  will  be  observed.  Red  streaks  run 
across  the  eye  ball;  this  inflammation  will  last  from  two  to 
three  weeks  at  the  end  of  which  time,  the  eye  will  brighten 
up  and  have  the  appearance  of  being  completely  cured, 
scarcely  leaving  any  trace  except  a  degree  of  dimness.  The 
moons  changes  as  is  sometimes  supposed  by  horsemen,  has 


so  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

not  the  least  effect  on  this  disease.  But  it  does  appear 
again  in  one,  two  or  three  months,  having  the  same  symp- 
toms and  characteristics  as  in  the  first  attack,  only  a  greater 
deposit  of  pus  will  be  left  at  each  subsequent  attack,  until 
the  whole  eye  is  filled  with  matter. 

TREATMENT:— This  disease  is  incurable.  To  al- 
lay pain  and  irritation  use  the  following  solution : 

Cold  Water One  ounce. 

Tincture  Opium Two  drachms.  Mix. 

To  be  applied  by  means  of  a  camels  hair  pencil.  When 
one  eye  is  affected  with  this  disease,  the  other  will  ulti- 
mately become  affected.  The  only  prevention  of  this  is 
to  have  the  diseased  eye  extripated,  or  puncture  the  cor- 
nea with  a  lancet  and  allow  the  watery  humor  to  escape, 
permitting  the  diseased  eye  to  sink  in  the  head.  If  this  is 
done  successful,  the  remaining  eye  will  not  only  retain, 
but  will  increase  in  luster  and  brightness. 


NETTLE  RASH— SURFEIT. 

A  disease  ithat  appears  in  the  spring  of  the  year,  and 
is  most  prevalent  among  fat  and  well  fed  horses.  This 
is  not  a  contagious  disease. 

CAUSES: — Over  abundance  of  flesh,  sudden  changes 
of  diet,  sudden  changes  of  weather,  drinking  cold  water 
when  heated,  intestinal  worms;  shedding  the  coat  has  been 
known  to  cause  it. 

SYMPTOMS: — This  disease  makes  itself  known  by 
small  pimples,  or  tumors  about  the  size  of  a  grain  of  In- 
dian corn.  The  entire  body  will  be  completely  covered. 
These  pimples  appear  quickly.  In  some  cases  the  eyes 
are  closed  and  the  lips  thickened. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  51 

TREATMENT:— Give  soft  feed  composed  of  bran, 
cut  hay  dampened  with  water,  sprinkle  this  mixture  with 
salt  and  feed  for  a  few  days.  If  grass  can  be  had  give 
it  in  preference  to  other  food.  If  the  bowels  are  consti- 
pated, give 

Powdered  Aloes  ........  Seven  teaspoonsful. 

Powdered  Gentian   Two  teaspoonsful. 

Mix  in  one  pint  water,  give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose. 
Follow  this  by  giving  our 

REMEDY  NO.  71  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  of  Remedy  No.  71,  75  cents. 


PARALYSIS— PALSY. 

Is  usually  produced  by  disease  in  the  brain  and  spinal 
cord,  causing  loss  of  the  power  of  moving  in  some  part  of 
the  body.  It  may  be  confined  to  the  deep  muscles  of  the 
hips  or  to  one  or  two  legs,  or  there  may  be  complete  par- 
alysis. But  it  is  usually  confined  to  the  hind  parts  or 
haunches  and  1  legs.  The  paralyzed  part  usually  becomes 
numb  but  sometimes  a  sense  of  feeling  remains. 

SYAIPTOMS:— If  the  attack  is  mild  the  animal  may 
be  able  tO'  keep  upon  its  feet,  when  this  is  the  case,  they 
will  undoubtedly  recover  in  a  few  days.  But  if  after  stag- 
gering around  the  horse  falls  and  is  unable  tO'  get  up,  has 
an  anxious  expression  of  countenance,  eyes  staring,  breath- 
ing short,  nostrils  distended,  the  case  is  more  serious  and 
should  have  prompt  attention. 

TREATMENT: — The  paralyzed  parts  should  be  well 
rubbed  with  a  stiff  brush.  If  shod,  remove  the  shoes. 
Give  an  abundance  of  good  clean  bedding; -this  will  keep 
the  body  in   good   condition   and  prevent   the  skin   from 


Si  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

scalding.  Turn  the  horse  from  side  to  side  at  least  twice 
in  the  day.       Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  31  AS  DIRECTED. 
If  the  kidneys  refuse  to  act,  give 

Tincture  Buchu  Compound One  ounce. 

Syrup   Two  ounces.  Mix. 

Every  seven  hours  until  three  doses  have  been  given.  If 
the  bowels  do  not  move  within  twenty-four  hours  after  the 
horse  is  paralyzed,  give  in  one  pint  of  water, 

Barbadoes  Aloes Eight  drachms. 

Ginger    Two   drachms. 

If  the  animal  should  commence  to  perspire,  blanket 
well  as  long  as  there  is  any  evidence  of  sweating.  If 
the  horse  appears  easy  while  resting  upon  its  breast,  re- 
covery may  be  expected  in  a  few  days;  but  if  he  lies  straight 
out,  death  will  result  in  a  few  days. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  31,  $1.00. 


PLEURISY. 

An  inflammation  of  the  membrane  covering  the  lungs 
and  lining  the  cavity  of  the  chest.  Usually  confined  to 
one  side  of  the  chest.  It  is  generally  caused  by  exposure 
to  cold,  or  changes  in  the  atmosphere. 

SYMPTOMS:— A  sharp  pain  in  the  side  after  a  chill, 
is  indicated  by  the  animal  looking  at  its  side,  avoiding 
short  turns  and  lying  down  very  careful  on  the  afifected 
side;  but  usually  they  prefer  standing.  A  ridge  will  be 
observed,  extending  from  the  haunch  around  the  belly  to 
the  breast  bone.  Breathing  not  so  short  and  rapid  as  in 
inflammation  of  the  lungs.  The  pain  will  generally  sub- 
side after  twenty-four  hours,  and  apparently  the  horse  is 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  £3 

better.  This  in  the  majority  of  cases  of  pleurisy,  when 
neg-lecteci  a  few  hours  with  out  proper  treatment,  develops 
in  (Hydrothorax)  or  water  in  the  chest.  If  there  is  an 
excessive  accumulation  of  water  in  the  chest,  the  ridge 
from  the  hip  to  the  breast  becomes  more  prominent;  ap- 
petite completely  gone,  and  should  cold  sweat  break  out 
there  is  imminent  danger. 

TREATMENT:: — This  disease  as  in  all  other  diseases 
of  inflammation  requires  a  well  bedded,  comfortable,  airy 
place  free  from  draughts.  Blanket  according  to  vlie 
weather ;  rub  the  legs  well  and  bandage  to  the  knees  with 
flannel  to  keep  them  warm.  If  the  animal  will  eat  soft 
food,  this  is  preferable.  But  if  it  refuses  it,  givf  it  such 
^ood  as  it  relishes.  Give  plenty  of  cold  water.  Hot  flax- 
seed poultices  are  good.  Mustard  plasters  applied  to  the 
affected  side  will  be  beneficial.        Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  38  FOLLOWED   BY 

REMEDY  NO.    39    AS    DIRECTED. 

Price  of  both  remedies,  $1.25. 


PURPLES  (PURPURA  HAEMORRHAGIA.) 

This  disease  is  usually  the  sequel  of  some  debilitating 
disease  as  distemper,  influenza,  lung  troubles,  etc.,  when 
these  diseases  have  not  had  the  proper  attention  and  treat- 
ment, or  it  may  be  contracted  by  the  horse  inhaling  the 
impure  atmosphere,  arising  from  decomposed  urine  and 
manure  in  badly  ventilated  stables.  Poorly  fed  and  over 
exhausted  horses  are  the  most  susceptible  to  this  disease. 
Exposure  to  cold  or  rains  is  another  cause. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  first  symptom  is  the  appearance 
of  hard  painful  swellings,  that  pit  slightly  upon  pressure; 


54      '  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

these  swellings  may  appear  on  any  part  of  the  body;  thev 
may  disappear  only  to  appear  on  some  other  part.  They 
are  usually  more  prevalent  around  the  head.  Small  blis- 
ters sometimes  appear  and  when  broken  discharge  an  am- 
ber colored  liquid,  which  scalds  when  it  comes  in  contact 
with  the  skin,  causing  the  hair  to  loosen  and  drop  ofif. 
Where  ever  these  blisters  break,  it  leaves  an  unhealthy 
sore  which  is  difficult  to  heal.  In  the  nostrils  can  be  ob- 
served small  purple  spots;  these  often  slough  and  leave 
unhealthy  sores.  If  these  swellings  take  place  within 
the  internal  organs,  to  any  great  extent,  death  will  be  the 
result  from  external  haemorrhage  or  bleeding. 

TREATMENT: — Great  benefit  will  be  accomplished 
by  placing  the  animal  in  a  clean,  well  ventilated,  warm 
and  dry  stall,  with  sufficient  quantity  and  change  of  food 
to  green  vegetables,  if  they  can  be  had ;  if  not,  feed  any- 
thing the  animal  relishes.  If  the  horse  is  constipated  give 
as  a  mild  laxative  the  following: 

Spirits   of  Turpentine    One   ounce. 

Rav/  Linseed  Oil One  pint.  Mix. 

And  give  as  a  drench.       This  is  all  that  will  be  necessary 
to  regulate  the  bowels.       Follow  this  by  giving  our 
REMEDIES  NOS.  50  AND  51  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  the  animal  is  very  weak  and  debilitated,  give  three 
ounces  of  whisky  twice  daily.  Do 'not  disturb  the  swell- 
ings on  the  limbs  or  body,  as  you  will  only  aggravate 
them ;  the  less  they  are  interfered  with  the  better.  But 
if  the  swellings  of  the  head,  nostrils,  mouth  or  throat  in- 
terfere with  breathing  or  eating,  with  a  clean  knife  scarify 
or  make  small  incisions.  Bathing  the  swellings  of  the 
head  with  hot  water  sometimes  gives  slight  relief. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  50  and  51  complete,  $1.50. 


Diseases  of  the  Korse.  55 

POLL-EVIL. 

Poll-evil  is  a  disease  consisting-  of  a  suppurative  in- 
flammation, forming-  pus  in  the  form  of  an  abscess  behind 
the  ears,  and  upon  the  top  and  sides  of  the  neck. 

CAUSES: — Injury  to  the  part,  sometimes  caused  by 
badly  fitting  halters,  cruelty  of  the  driver  in  striking  the 
horse  over  the  head  with  the  butt-end  of  a  whip,  or  it  may 
be 'brought  on  by  the  horse  hitting  his  head  on  some  ob- 
ject. 

SYMPTOMS:— A  stiffness  of  the  neck  will  be  ob- 
served as  the  first  symptom.  A  hard  swelling  will  appear 
upon  the  poll,  but  later  on  becomes  soft.  In  time  if  it 
is  not  interfered  with  it  will  burst  and  discharg-e  matter. 

TREATMENT : — This  disease  taken  in  its  earliest 
stag-e  can  be  counteracted.  As  soon  as  the  swelling  is 
noticed  give  the  following-  physic: 

Powdered  Aloes    One  ounce. 

Gentian  .Two  drachms. 

Water One  pint.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose.  Follow  this  by  administer- 
ing- our 

REMEDIES  KOS.  69  AND  70  AS  DIRECTED. 
With  our  treatment  many  cases  can  be  aborted,  and 
will  require  no  other  treatment.  If  the  disease  is  in  an 
advanced  stage  before  you  give  it  attention,  our  advice  is 
to  employ  an  experienced  person  to  take  charge  of  the  an- 
imal, as  it  is  not  safe  to  come  in  contact  with  this  foul  and 
loathsome  disease,  without  proper  care  and  disinfectants. 


THISOLOW     OR     FISTULOUS     WITHERS— is 
accompanied  by  the  same  causes  and  symptoms  as  poll- 


56       ,  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

evil.  The  only  difference,  the  swelling  appears  upon  the 
shoulder  in  thisolow.  Use  the  same  remedies  and  treat- 
ment as  in  poll-evil  . 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  69  and  70  complete,  75  cents. 


PRICKS  IN  THE  FOOT  FROM  NAILS. 

This  may  occur  while  shoeing  the  horse,  or  may  be 
pricked  up  in  the  street,  or  may  be  the  result  of  coming 
in  contact  with  any  hard  pointed  substance. 

SYMPTOMS:— The  horse  will  become  lame,  the  af- 
fected foot  will  be  tender  and  feverish.  On  examining 
the  foot  you  will  either  find  the  nail  penetrating  the  foot, 
or  the  injured  place. 

TREATMENT:— If  the  nail  is  in  the  foot,  remove  it 
at  once,  and  poultice  the  foot  with  ground  flaxseed  for 
twenty-four  hours.  After  poulticing,  if  there  is  any  for- 
mation of  pus,  open  and  allow  it  to  escape.  After  the 
opening  has  been  made,  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  76  AS  DIRECTED. 

The  horse  can  be  put  to  work  as  soon  as  he  is  inclined 
to  use  the  foot  without  lameness.  Pricks  in  the  foot 
should  have  prompt  attention  as  it  frequently  results  in 
lock-jaw.     (See  lock-jaw). 

Price  of  remedy  No.  'j6,  50  cents. 


QUITTOR. 

This  is  a  very  serious  ailment,  and  is  to  the  foot,  what 
poll-evil  is  to  the  head. 

CAUSES: — It  may    be  caused    by  calking,    a  blow, 
prick  from  a  nail,  suppurating  corns,  etc. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  57 

SYMPTOMS:— A  large  swelling  just  above  the  hoof, 
which  is  very  painful,  causing  the  horse  to  hold  its^foot 
off  the  ground.  In  a  few  days  the  swelling  will  burst, 
and  discharge  a  whitish  fluid.  This  opening  will  not  be 
inclined  to  heal. 

TREATMENT:— Poultice  the  bottom  of  the  foot 
with  cow-dung,  for  twenty-four  hours.  If  the  foot  be- 
comes soft,  it  is  an  indication  that  the  pus  is  drawn  down. 
An  opening  should  be  made  to  allow  the  discharge  to  es- 
cape.     After  this  is  accomplished,  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  yy  AS  DIRECTED, 
for  a  few  days.      This  will  effect  a  speedy  cure. 

CAUTION: — In  poulticing  a  horses  foot,  always  ap- 
ply the  poultice  to  the  sole  of  the  foot.       Never  in  any  in- 
stance apply  the  poultice  around  the  hoof,  for  if  you  do, 
in  the  majority  of  cases,  the  hoof  will  fall  off. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  JJ,  $i.oo. 


RHEUMATISM. 

More  mistakes  are  committed  in  this  disease,  than  any 
other  disease  the  horse  is  subject  to-.  This  affection  is 
many  times  confounded  with  founder,  therefore  we  will  ex- 
plain the  different  symptoms,  so  that  any  one  can  easily 
distinguish  the  one  disease  from  the  other. 

In  rheumatism  there  is  severe  pain  accompanied  by 
fever  and  excitement,  and  the  seat  of  the  pain  is  in  the 
joints  of  the  legs.  In  founder  there  is  pain  without  fever, 
and  the  pain  is  confined  to  the  feet.  In  chronic  rheuma- 
tism there  is  no  fever,  but  in  this  affection  the  animal  will 
be  unable  to-  move,  as  if  it  was  sprained  over  the  loins. 
In  rheumatism   there  is   an  absence  of  heat  in  the   feet. 


58  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

While  in  founder  the  fever  in  the  feet  is  so  great,  that  it  is 
sometimes  called  fever  in  the  feet. 

ACUTE  RHEUMATISxA'I :— Is  caused  by  placing 
heated  horses  in  a  draught  of  cold  air,  or  sudden  check  to 
perspiration. 

SYMPTOMS: — Excitement,  high  fever  with  excruci- 
ating pains  in  the  legs  and  joints ;  so  much  so  that  the  suf- 
fering horse  has  not  a  leg  fit  tO'  stand  upon,  and  is  not  in- 
clined to  move  from  the  place  it  occupies,  from  fear  of 
falling  to  the  ground.  If  it  is  compelled  to  move,  it  does 
so  with  much  lameness  and  stiffness.  The  animal  blows 
and  the  breathing  is  hurried.  In  connection  with  these 
symptoms,  the  horse  sweats  profusely. 

TREATMENT:— Administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  92  AS  DIRECTED. 

Give  the  horse  plenty  of  bedding,  in  a  cool,  airy  stall 
and  induce  him  to  lie  down,  and  cover  the  body  with  a 
light  blanket.  If  the  attack  comes,  on  in  the  summer, 
apply  loosely  to  the  legs  cold  water  cloths,  keeping  them 
continually  wet,  from  twelve  to  twenty-four  hours.  In 
winter,  warm  water  is  best  for  these  applications,  and 
should  be  applied  in  the  same  manner,  as  the  cold  water 
treatment  in  summer.  By  the  time  the  horse  has  taken 
six  doses  of  our  remedy  No.  92,  a  great  change  will  have 
taken  place. 

CHRONIC  RHEUMATISM.  ^Chronic  rheumatism 
in  the  joint,  is  the  most  prolific  cause  of  hidden  lameness 
in  the  horse.  It  is  the  outcome  of  neglected  acute  rheu- 
matism. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  same  as  acute  rheumatism,  with 
the  exception  of  the  absence  of  fever. 

TREATAIENT:— Give  our 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  59 

REMEDY  NO.  92  AS  DIRECTED,  AND 
APPLY  REMEDY  NO.  88  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  treatment  will  be  found  to  be  most  satisfactory. 
You  cannot  afford  to  ever  be  without  our  remedy  No.  88 
for  strains,  lameness,  etc. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  92,  $1.00. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  88,  $1.00. 


RING  BONE. 

Ring-bone  consists  of  a  circle  of  bone,  thrown  out 
from  the  underlying  bone  of  the  upper  and  lower  pastern 
bones.  The  cartilage  of  the  foot  may  also  be  converted 
into  bone,  and  laid  in  the  form  of  a  circle.  Ring-bone 
occurs  more  frequently  on  the  forelegs  of  heavy  horses. 
When  it  occurs  in  fine  bred  horses,  the  hind  leg  is  usually 
aflfected.  It  is  caused  by  sprain,  fractured  bone,  or  it 
may  be  hereditary.  The  degree  of  lameness  depends  up- 
on the  location  of  the  affection,  and  not  upon  the  size  of 
the  enlargement.  The  lameness  will  be  much  less  if  the 
ring-bone  is  situated  on  the  side,  than  if  situated  immed- 
iately in  front.  There  is  sometimes  a  bulging  of  the  foot, 
which  in  many  cases  causes  the  foot  to  turn  inward,  pro" 
ducing  what  is  termed  reel-foot.  In  false  ring-bone, 
lameness  is  never  present,  but  in  true  ring-bone  there  'S 
considerable  lameness  and  fever,  before  the  enlargement 
is  noticeable. 

TREATMENT: — If  ring-bone  is  of  recent  origin,  and 
the  horse  is  young,  you  can  effect  a  cure.  First  wrap 
cold  water  cloths  around  the  parts  for  three  days,  remov- 
ing them  at  night.  This  will  allay  all  heat  and  Inflamma- 
tion.      After  this  has  been  accomplished,,  apply  our^ 


60  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED. 
Ring-bone  in  old  horses  is  very  difficult  to  remove, 
and  the  result  of  treatment  is  unsatisfactory.      But  remedy 
No.  89  will  effect  a  cure  in  young  horses. 

Price  of  remedy  No,  89,  $1.00. 


RINGWORM. 

Young  horses  that  have  been  poorly  kept  through  the 
winter,  is  most  susceptible  to  this  disease.  This  disease 
is  contagious  and  is  communicated  from  man  to  animals, 
and  from  animals  to  man  or  to  other  animals.  It  is  not 
always  confined  to  one  spot,  but  may  appear  on  several 
parts  of  the  body. 

SYMPTOMS:— At  first  there  is  but  a  small  pimple, 
which  soon  commences  to-  spread  and  form  a  circle,  com- 
posed of  patches  or  scales  forming  large  crusts  with  ulcers 
underneath.  The  hair  over  the  ringworm  stands  erect, 
breaks  ofif,  falls  out  leaving  a  bare,  greyish  spot. 

TREATMENT: — Wash  the  part  clean  with  soap  and 
water.      Remove  the  scab  and  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  72  AS  DIRECTED, 

and  a  speedy  disappearance  of  the  ringworm  will  be  the 
result. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  J2,  75  cents. 


SAND  OR  QUARTER  CRACKS. 

This  is  a  crack  or  split  in  the  hoof,  and  may  occur  in 
any  part  of  the  hoof,  or  on  any  of  the  feet. 

CAUSES:— Insufficient  moisture,  causing  the  hoof  to 
become  brittle.  Driving  over  hard  roads,  standing  on  hard 
floors,  or  ill-fitting  shoes. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  61 

TREATMENT:— File  the  edges  of  the  crack  thin, 
after  it  has  been  thinned,  a  piece  of  the  wall  of  the  hoof, 
for  about  half  an  inch  on  each  side  of  the  crack,  is  to  be 
cut  out.  A  piece  of  iron  made  red-hot,  and  applied,  just 
for  a  moment  fiat  on  the  hair  at  the  head  of  the  crack, 
sufficient  to  make  a  scab,  will  insure  a  solid  growth 
of  horn.  A  strap  should  be  placed  around  the  hoof,  to 
prevent  opening  of  the  crack,  and  to  facilitate  the  cure. 
Also  keep  the  entire  hoof  softened,  by  applying  crude  oil 
two  or  three  times  a  week.  If  your  horses  are  subject  to 
cracks,  and  you  wish  to  prevent  the  occurrence  of  it,  use 
our 

REMEDY  NO.  79  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  50  cents. 


SLOBBERS  OR  SALIVATION. 

Salivation  is  an  increased  flow  of  saliva,  caused  by 
large  doses  of  mercury,  lobelia,  veratrum,  etc.  It  is  also 
seen  in  horses  that  are  feeding  on  second  crop  clover.  The 
excessive  flow  of  this  saliva  m  horses,  is  very  detrimental, 
as  they  loose  flesh,  become  weak  and  thin,  while  they  ap- 
parently have  an  abundance  of  food.  Slobbers  are  also 
caused  by  irregular  teeth,  the  lodgement  of  corncobs  or 
other  foreign  substances  between  the  teeth. 

SYMPTOMS: — Persistent  excessive  discharge  of  sal- 
iva, or  frothy  mass  exuding, from  the  mouth.  Great  de- 
sire for  water. 

TREATMENT:— Remove  the  cause.  If  it  is  caused 
from  eating  obnoxious  weeds,  plants,  or  second  growth 
clover  hay  whether  in  the  stable  or  pasture,  change  the 
feed  at  once  to  something  more  wholesome.  If  caused 
by  irregular  teeth,  file  the  sharp  edges  ofif,  and  remove  any 


62  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

substance  that  may  be  found  between  the  teeth.  If  the 
slobbering  is  caused  from  injuries  to  the  tongue,  or  small 
fistules  in  the  mouth,  take  a  soft  cloth  and  cleanse  the 
mouth  with  the  following  solution: 

Alum'   One  ounce. 

Chlorate  Potash    One  ounce. 

Water One  pint.  Mix. 

Usually  this  will  effect  a  speedy  cure.  But  if  after 
this  treatment,  the  slobbering  is  persistent,  paint  the  gland 
below  the  ears  once  every  twenty-four  hours  with  Tincture 
Iodine.  And  give  one  drachm  of  Iodide  of  Potash  in- 
ternally morning  and  evening  for  two  days. 


SPRAINS,  BRUISES,  ETC. 

For  sprains,  bruises,  etc.  from  whatever  cause  they 
may  occur,  apply  our  , 

REMEDY  NO.  88  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  is  the  most  efficient  remedy  in  the  market,  for  the 
above  ailments. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  88,  $i.oo. 


SPLINT. 

A  small  bony  enlargement,  usually  situated  on  the  in- 
side of  the  leg. 

CAUSES: — Working  horses  when  to  young,  or  be- 
fore the  leg  and  splint  bone  have  become  united.  After 
these  bones  become  united,  it  requires  great  force  to  tear 
them  apart.  But  in  the  young  animal,  these  bones  articu- 
late with  very  little  movement,  and  if  overtaxed,  splint  is 
formed.       Therefore  working,  slipping,  kicking,  running, 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  63 

jumping-,  or  anything-  that  will  sprain,  or  overtax  the  liga- 
ments, will  produce  splint. 
TREATMENT:— Our 
REMEDY  NO.  8i   APPLIED  ACCORDING  TO  DI- 
RECTIONS, FOLLOWED  BY  REMEDY  NO.  82  AS 
DIRECTED,  , 

will  soon  benefit  the  animal. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  81  and  82  complete,  $1.25. 


SPAVIN-BOG. 

Bog-spavin  is  a  soft  fluctuating  swelling,  situated  in 
front  of  the  hock-joint.  It  is  an  enlargement  of  the  bursal 
cavity  filled  with  fluid  of  the  joint.  It  is  generally  caused, 
especially  in  young  horses,  by  over  work,  fast  driving  or 
sprains.  It  is  rarely  accompanied  with  lameness,  but  when 
bog-spavin  is  produced  by  a  sprain,  there  is  usually  heat 
and  lameness,  varying  somewhat  in  intensity, 

TREATAIENT:— Apply  hot  water  fomentations  to 
the  spavin,  thirty  minutes  three  times  a  day  for  a  few 
days.      Then  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED, 
and  frequently  rub  briskly. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  89,  $1.00. 


SPAVIN-BLOOD. 

Blood-spavin  is  an  aggravated  case  of  bog-spavin,  in- 
volving the  hock-joint  on  three  sides.  The  swelling  is 
more  extensive  and  interfering  wnth  the  flow  of  blood, 
that  it  is  termed  blood  spavin.  It  may  be  the  result  of  a 
distention  of  the   large  vein,  that  passes   down  over  the 


64  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

front  part  of  the  hock.       For  causes  and  treatment,  sec 
bog-spavin. 


SPAVIN-BONE. 

Bone-spavin  consists  of  an  irritation  sufficient  to  cause 
inflammation,  and  the  sprouting  out  of  irregular  bony  mat- 
ter, from  the  bones  of  the  joint.  This  prevents  the  smooth 
and  proper  action  of  the  bones,  and  causes  lameness.  The 
situation  of  bone-spavin  is  on  the  inside,  and  in  front  of 
the  joint.  It  is  generally  the  result  of  a  sprain,  or  it  may 
be  hereditary. 

SYMPTOMS:— When  the  horse  is  first  started  after 
standing,  it  will  walk  on  the  toe,  with  a  hopping  move- 
ment of  the  hind  parts;  after  traveling  a  short  distance,  the 
lameness  improves  and  sometimes  disappears  altogether. 

TREATMENT:— Apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED. 
For  spavin  of  long  standing  use  our 
REMEDY  NO.  88  WITH 

REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  88,  $1.00. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  89,  $1.00. 


SPAVIN-OCCULT. 

This  disease  is  bone-spavin,  devoid  of  any  enlargement 
of  the  joint  whatever.  For  symptoms,  causes,  and  treat- 
ment, (see  bone-spavin). 


STIFLE-JOINT  LAMENESS. 
Dislocation  of  the  Patella. 
This  affection  is  chiefly  met  with  in  young  colts,  and 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  65 

is  produced  by  the  wearing  away  of  the  toe  of  the  foot, 
causing  dislocation  of  the  stifle,  or  patella  which  sHdes  off 
the  bones,  at  every  step  the  animal  takes.  If  you  ex- 
amine the  joint  you  will  find  the  patella  on  the  outer  side 
of  the  leg.  There  is  usually  heat  around  the  stifle  joint, 
and  sometimes  fluctuating  swelling.  The  horse  when 
bringing  the  leg  forward  will  swing  it  outward  with  a  cir- 
cular motion,  but  sometimes  when  walking,  the  leg  will  fly 
backward,  and  the  animal  is  powerless  to  bring  it  forward. 
TREATMENT:— Apply  hot  water  fomentations  three 
times  a  day  for  two  days.      Then  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  90  A$  DIRECTED. 
Have  the  horse  shod  with  a  shoe,  having  a  projecting 
piece  of  iron  attached  to  the  toe.  This  will  prevent  the 
bones  from,  sliding  out  of  place,  and  knuckling  at  every 
step.  Place  the  horse  on  level  pasture  and  give  absolute 
rest. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  90,  $1.00. 


SIDE  BONES. 

Is  a  form  of  ring-bone,  but  it  is  only  situated  on  the 
side  of  the  foot,  and  does  not  extend  around  the  coronet  as 
m  ring-bone.  It  consists  in  the  solidification  or  ossifica- 
tion of  the  cartilages  of  the  foot.  Any  horse  with  side 
bones  is  considered  unsound.  The  causes  and  treatment 
are  the  same  as  in  ring-bone.     (Which  see.) 


SORES. 

Healthy  and  unhealthy  sores  occurring  in,  or  on,-  all 
parts  of  the  body  of  the  horse  should  receive  prompt  and 


66  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

proper   treatment,   thereby  avoiding   complications.        For 
healthy  sores 

REMEDY  NO.  89  APPLIED  AS  DIRECTED, 
is  superior  m  its  efficacy  to  any  known  remedy.      For  un- 
healthy sores  and  ulcers  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  99  FOLLOWED  BY 
REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED. 
By  using  remedy  No.  99  on  an  unhealthy  sore,  will 
produce  a  simple  and  healthy  one,  which  can  readily  be 
healed  by  using  remedy  No.  89. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  89,  $1.00. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  99,  50  cents. 


STRANGUARY. 

In  this  disease  pain  is  present  while  the  horse  is  urin- 
ating, and  the  urine  is  mixed  with  blood. 

CAUSES: — Irritation  of  the  bladder  or  kidneys,  or 
both. 

SYMPTOMS: — Pain,  irritation,  and  fever.  Frequent 
desire  to  pass  urine,  which  is  bloody,  and  passed  in  small 
quantities. 

TREATMENT:— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  100  AS  DIRECTED, 

and  give  plenty  of  cold  water  to  drink;  also  flaxseed  tea. 
If  the  horse  will  not  drink  the  tea,  give  it  as  a  drench. 
Take  equal  parts  of  mustard  and  flour,  mix  with  warm 
water,  make  into  a  soft  paste,  and  lay  over  the  region  of 
the  kidneys,  or  small  of  the  back.  Occasionally 'moisten 
with  warm  water  to  keep  the  mustard  active. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  100,  75  cents. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  67 

STRINGHALT. 

Stringhalt  is  an  involuntary  spasmodic  ^  contraction  of 
muscles  of  the  hind  leg,  and  is  known  from  the  peculiar 
manner  in  which  the  hind  leg  or  legs  are  raised  and  low- 
ered. This  peculiar  manner  is  described  as  a  quick,  spas- 
modic jerky  motion,  which  the  animal  cannot  control, 

CAUSES: — Loss  of  nerve  influence,  whereby  the  ex- 
tensor pedis  muscle — and  other  muscles — are  deprived  of 
their  proper  power.  It  is  sometimes  caused  by  the  peculiar 
condition  of  the  blood.  And  sometimes  appears  in  rheumatic 
form.  Stringhalt  generally  comes  on  very  slowly,  but 
may  develop  very  rapidly.  If  the  animal  shows  indica- 
tion of  stringhalt  in  the  winter  season  with  the  symptoms 
disappearing  as  the  heated  months  advance,  the  case  may 
be  regarded  as  one  of  rheumatic  form.  If  the  symptoms 
continue  during  the  summer  months,  the  horse  should 
have  nnmediate  and  proper  attention,  or  the  disease  will 
gradually  continue  to  grow  worse,  until  the  horse  strikes 
the  belly  with  the  fetlock. 

TREATMENT: — The  muscles  of  the  thigh  are  to  be 
brought  into  healthy  action,  and  the  lost  nervous  influence 
restored,  by  giving  our 

REMEDY  NO.  loi  AS  DIRECTED. 
Give  the  horse  an  abundance  of  good,  nutritious  food. 
By  giving  our  remedy  for  this  disease  before  it  has  ad- 
vanced to  far,  a  cure  can  be  effected  in  six  weeks.  But 
after  the  disease  has  taken  a  firm  hold  of  the  animal,  it 
will  require  a  longer  time  to  effect  a  cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  loi,  $2.50. 


68  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

SUNSTROKE. 
(Coup  De  Soleil.) 

Of  late  years  this  disease  has  become  of  such  frequent 
occurrence  that  it  demands  mentioning. 

CAUSES: — Driving  and  overworking  in  the  hot  sun. 
Tight  fitting  collars  will  retard  the  circulation,  and  is  one 
of  the  causes  of  sunstroke. 

SYMPTOMS:— Usually  the  horse  will  hang  back, 
hang  its  head,  want  to  stop,  apparently  exhausted  and  stu- 
pid. Breathing  heavy  and  rapid.  The  animal  is  very 
warm  without  any  indication  of  perspiration,  eyes  very  rea 
and  prominent,  nostrils  distended.  The  animal  usually 
falling  to  the  ground,  and  sometimes  unable  to  arise.  If 
the  horse  recovers,  several  seasons  should  elapse  before 
it  is  exercised  to  any 'extent  in  the  hot  sun.  But  during 
the  winter  months  you  will  have  no  trouble  whatever  with 
the  horse,  from  the  effects  of  sunstroke. 

TREATMENT: — If  you  notice  the  above  symptoms 
in  time,  you  can  prevent  the  attack  by  removing  the  har- 
ness and  collar,  and  giving  to  the  horse  at  short  intervals 
a  few  mouthsful  of  water ;  apply  cold  water  to  the  head 
and  along  the  spine,  and  fasten  a  wet  sponge  over  the  fore- 
head. The  sunshade  for  horses,  now  so  much  in  use,  will 
go  far  in  lessening  the  occurrence  of  this  affection.  If 
the  sunstroke  is  fully  developed  before  you  are  aware  of  it, 
remove  the  harness  at  once,  and  if  possible  place  the  ani- 
mal in  a  cool,  shady  place,  and  immediately  give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  60  AND  61  AS  DIRECTED. 

Chopped  ice  if  it  is  to  be  had, ,  should  be  placed  in  a 
cloth  or  bag,  and  laid  between  the  ears  and  over  the  fore- 
head. If  the  ice  cannot  be  had,  then  apply  the  coldest 
water  at  hand.       If  the  limbs  are  cold,  rub  them  briskly 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  69 

with  alcohol  or  whisky  and  mustard,  and  bandage.  As 
soon  as  conciousness  is  regained,  give  as  a  physic,  one 
quart  of  raw  linseed  oil. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  60  and  61   complete,  $1.00. 


SWINNEY— SWEENEY. 
(Atrophy  of  the  Muscles.) 

Swinney  is  a  shrinking  away  of  muscles  of  any  part  of 
the  body,  but  is  most  frequently  met  with  in  the  shoulders 
and  hips.  It  is  produced  by  improper  action  or  dis- 
continued use  of  the  muscles,  and  results  from  any  dis- 
ease or  afiection  that  causes  lameness.  It  is  also  caused 
from  bruises  or  heavy  pulling.  A  young  horse  that  is 
compelled  to  follow  the  furrow  while  plowing  in  the  spring 
of  the  year,  when  the  muscles  are  soft,  is  extremely  hable 
to  swinney  of  the  shoulder. 

SYMPTOMS: — Instead  of  the  round  full  muscles,  you 
will  observe  a  flattened  or  hollow  space,  indicating  the 
wasting  away  of  a  muscle.  In  shoulder  swinney,  at  the 
onset,  usually  there  is  swelling,  heat  and  tenderness  along 
the  shoulder  blade  Lameness  does  not  generally  de- 
velop until  after  the  swelling  has  subsided,  and  the  wasting 
of  the  muscles  have  commenced :  this  usually  takes  place  in 
about  ten  days  from  the  onset.  The  hollow  or  sunken 
space  generally  extends  the  full  length  of  the  shoulder 
blade,  and  may  be  quite  deep;  deep  enough  that  the  spine 
of  the  shoulder  blade  is  prominent. 

TREATMENT: — Remove  the  cause  if  possible.  Dur- 
ing the  stage  of  heat  and  swelling  apply  hot  water  fomenta- 
tions.      Alter  the  swelling  has  disappeared,  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  91  AS  DIRECTED. 


70  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

While  using  remedy  No.  91,  keep  the  horse  at  light 
work  on  level  ground,  as  the  animal  must  have  exercise 
to  effect  a  cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  91,  $1.00. 


SWELLED  LEGS. 

(Oedema.) 
Swelled  legs  is  not  a  disease,  but  is  a  symptom  oi 
some  debilitating  disease,  as  defective  kidneys,   liver,    or 
heart.     Or  lymphatic  irritation.     Also  inflammation  of  the 
lymphatics,  or  lymphangitis.       (See  dropsy.) 


THISOLOW  OR  FISOLOW. 
(Fistulous  Withers.) 

This  disease  is  the  same  as  poll-evil,  with  the  except 
tion  it  is  located  upon  the  shoulder.  For  causes,  symp- 
toms, treatment  and  remedies,  see  poll-evil. 


THRUSH  IN  THE  MOUTH-APHTHOUS  THRUSH, 
INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  MOUTH. 

(Stomatitis.) 
SYMPTOMS: — Soreness  of  the  mouth,  attended  by 
swelling  and  redness  of  the  mucus  membrane  lining  the 
mouth.  Sometimes  white  patches  and  blisters  form  in- 
side the  mouth,  or  on  the  tongue.  The  animal  refuses 
to  take  food,  but  usually  drinks  freely  of  cold  water.  The 
salivary  secretion  is  increased  and  flows  from  the  mouth, 
and  often  has  a  foetid  odor. 
TREATMENT:— 

Borax  Powder   One  ounce. 

Molasses Three  ounces.  Mix. 


Diseases  of  the  Horse.  7i 

Apply  to  the  mouth  with  a  soft  cloth,  taking  care  to 
touch  all  the  ulcers.  Give  soft  feed  or  cut  grass.  Give 
half  ounce  of  Sulphite  of  Soda  each  evening  until  you 
have  given  three  doses.  Usually  this  will  effect  a  cure, 
and  will  be  all  tliat  will  be  needed.  But  should  the  ulcers 
be  very  deep  and  not  inclined  to  heal,  give  our 
REMEDY  NO.  44  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  75  cents. 


THRUSH  IN  THE  FOOT. 

Thrush  is  a  diseased  condition  of  the  sensitive  frog  of 
the  foot,  and  from  which  a  foul  smelling  fluid  is  discharged. 
Every  horse  owner  is  familiar  with  this  disease. 

CAUSES: — Excessive  amount  of  moisture  to  the  foot 
from  standing  in  their  own  dung,  or  from  the  floor  of  the 
stable  being  wet,  wading  around  in  filthy  barnyards.  Also 
caused  from  scratches  and  grease-heels,  and  from  hard 
labor  on  stony  and  rough  roads. 

TREATMENT:— The  stable  and  stalls  must  be  kept 
clean  and  dry.  Drop  a  few  drops  of  Muriatic  Acid  into 
the  frog,  once  a  day  for  a  few  days.  If  the  disease  is  left 
to  itself,  it  may  develop  into  canker.  (See  bruises  of  the 
frog.)  In  addition  to  the  above  treatment,  a  few  doses  of 
Sulphite  of  Soda  in  one-half  ounce  doses,  given  once  a 
day  for  a  few  days,  will  do  the  animal  much  good,  as  it  acts 
on  the  system  as  an  alterative  and  purifier. 


WARTS. 

To  remove  warts,  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  59  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


72  Diseases  of  the  Horse. 

WIND  GALLS. 

TREATMENT:— Our 
REMEDY  NO.  83  USED  AS  DIRECTED, 
will,  in  some  cases  remove  wind  galls.  But  the  usual  re- 
sult is  unsatisfactory,  as  they  often  reappear  after  they 
have  apparently  been  cured.  If  you  have  a  valuable  horse, 
it  will  be  to  your  interest  to  use  the  'above  remedy  as  the 
blemishes  will  become  less  sightly. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  83,  $1.00. 


YELLOWS  (JAUNDICE.)         ,. 

Jaundice  is  a  yellow  discoloration  of  the  skin,  due  to 
the  presence  of  bile  or  blood  pigment.  As  jaundice  is  a 
symptom  (not  a  disease)  of  liver  disorders,  see  inflam- 
mation of  the  liver  for  treatment  and  remedies. 


DISEASES   OF   CATTLE. 

....THEIR.... 

CAUSES,  SYMPTOMS  AND  TREATMENT. 


The  attention  we  will  pay  to  this ,  department,  will  be 
devoted  to  the  explanation  and  treatment  of  the  various 
diseases  that  cattle  are  subject  to.  There  is  a  similarity 
in  some  diseases  of  cattle  to  those  of  the  horse,  for  in- 
stance: Inflammation,  irritation,  and  fever  are  common  to 
all  animals.  However  there  are  so  many  diseases  affect- 
ing cattle  which  do  not  apply  to  the  horse,  that  it  is  nec- 
essary to  treat  the  subject  of  causes,  symptoms,  and  rem- 
edies in  a  department  of  its  own.  Owing  to  the  fact  that 
the  ox  or  cow  have  four  stomachs,  first,  the  rumen  or 
paunch;  second,  the  reticulum;  third,  the  manyplus;  fourth, 


7+  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

abomastim  or  rennet,  under  no  consideration  should  med- 
icine be  given  otherwise  than  in  fluid  form,  so  that  it  ma}- 
pass  freely  and  quickly  from  one  stomach  to  another.  Ad- 
ministering medicines  in  powdered  form  to  cattle,  instead 
of  its  finding  its  way  into  any  of  the  stomachs,  it  is  very 
likely  to  break  through  the  platform  at  the  bottom  of  the 
gullet,  not  only  loosing  the  efficacy  of  the  medicine  but 
destroying  the  life  of  the  animal.  Therefore,  we  caution, 
never  give  the  ox  or  cow  medicines  in  a  solid  form. 

The  ox  or  the  cow  do  not,  even  under  the  most  severe 
forms  of  disease,  exhibit  that  same  amount  of  fever,  irri- 
tation, and  loss  of  appetite,  which  is  shown  in  the  horse 
when  attacked  with  the  same  disease.  Not  until  the  dis- 
ease has  made  considerable  progress,  does  the  ox  or  cow 
show  distressed  symptoms  of  disease;  so  much  is  this  the 
case,  that  the  (Owners  fail  to  see  any  thing  wrong.  This 
is  by  far  the  greatest  dilificulty  in  the  successful  treatment 
of  diseases  of  cattle.  Not  getting  or  applying  the  reme- 
dies at  an  early  stage  of  the  affection.  A  closer  attention, 
and  more  careful  observation  on  the  part  of  the  farmers, 
is  almost  demanded. 

The  farmer  will  find  it  to  his  interests  to  observe  the 
following:  If  there  is  even  a  very  slight  grating  sound  in 
the  wind-pipe,  v;hich  can  be  readily  detected  by  placing 
the  ear  to  the  throat,  the  animal  should  have  immediate 
attention,  and  if  given  the  proper  treatment  will  be  well  in 
a  few  days;  whereas,  if  left  to  itself,  serum  is  exuded,  and 
debility,  weakness,  and  even  death  may  follow.  There- 
fore we  will  say,  study  the  sounds  of  the  wind-pipe,  both 
in  the  sick  and  well  animal,  and  you  will  not  only  perfect 
your  knowledge  in  this  particular,  but  we  can  assure  you 
it  will  not  be  an  idle  study;  for  in  a  short  time,  you  will 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  7.- 

not  only  be  able  to  detect  the  insidious  diseases,  in  their 
beg^inning  in  your  cattle,  but  can  apply  the  remedies  be- 
fore the  diseases  have  advanced,  saving  yourself  incon- 
venience and  loss.  Tn  this  way,  you  will  soon  convince 
yourself,  that  cattle  diseases  are  not  so  difficult  to  curt 
after  all,  and  while  others  have  so  long  sat  and  brooded 
with  sour  minds  over  their  loss,  and  the  ignorance  and 
inefficiency  of  cow  doctors,  you  have  obtained  a  mastery 
of  the  situation. 


ABORTION. 

Abortion  consists  of  slinking  or  slipping  of  calves. 
This  is  a  great  misfortune  to  the  stock  raiser,  as  it  de- 
prives him  of  the  profit  that  he  would  have  made  on  the  in- 
crease of  his  herd,  as  well  as  the  loss  in  the  decreased 
amount  of  milk.  Tf  the  cow  looses  her  calf  within  the  first 
six  months  of  gestation,  it  is  considered  abortion.  But 
during  the  last  three  months  it  is  a  permature  birth. 

CAUSES: — Abortion  is  attributed  to  various  causes. 
Feeding  upon  slop  or  other  milk  secreting  materials.  From 
injury-  from  vicious  animals.  Eating  herbs  that  are  con- 
tained in  the  pasture  or  hay.  Slipping,  insufficient  quant- 
ity of  nutritious  food,  or  may  be  brought  on  by  any  debili- 
tating disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Symptoms  are  very  seldom  promi- 
nent before  abortion,  and  the  cow  will  slink  her  calf  with- 
out missing  a  meal.  But  in  premature  birth  it  is  quite 
different;  the  loss  of  appetite  will  be  noticed,  the  animal 
ceases  chewing  her  cud,  will  appear  dull,  and  will  be  dis- 
inclined to  mingle  with  the  other  cattle.  A  glairy,  yel- 
lowish discharge  from  the  vagina  takes  place,  sometimes 


76  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

streaked  with  blood.  If  the  cow  does  not  expel  the  calf 
soon,  decomposition  takes  place  which  produces  an  offen- 
sive odor  from  the  vagina. 

TREATMENT:— Remove  the  animal  from  the  bal- 
ance of  the  herd  to  a  comfortable  place,  and  at  once  make 
an  examination  by  passing  "the  hand  and  arm  into  the 
womb.  Previous  to  doing  this  grease  the  hand  and  arm 
thoroughly,  which  not  only  makes  the  entrance  easier  but 
prevents  injury  to  the  parts.  Remove  the  dead  calf,  and 
cleanse  the  womb  with  a  solution  of  warm,  soft  water  two 
quarts,  carbolic  acid  one-half  ounce  once  a  day  for  two  or 
three  days.       Give  the  following  physic: 

Epsom  Salts Twelve  ounces. 

Powdered  Ginger   One  ounce. 

Water   One  gallon.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.      Eollow  this  treatment  by  giving  our 
REMEDY  NO.   102  AS  DIRECTED. 
Eeed  warm  bran  mashes   and  give  all  the  water  to 
drink  that  the  animal  desires.       By  following  the  above 
treatment  there  will  not  be  any  bad  after  effects,  from  the 
sickness. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  102,  $1.00. 

TO  PREVENT  ABORTION:— Feed  the  animal 
substantial  food  and  plenty  of  it.  Excessively  wet  and 
sloppy  food  keeps  the  bowels  to  loose,  which  relaxes  the 
solids  of  the  body  and  produces  over  secretions  of  milk, 
at  the  expense  of  the  health  of  the  animal.  If  cows  are 
in  the  habit  of  secreting  milk  during  the  three  months 
before  the  time  of  calving,  they  should  be  dried  up  by  giv- 
ing our 

REMEDY  NO.  103  AS  DIRECTED. 

No  milking  should  be  done  unless  the  udder  becomes  ^ 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  77 

distended,  and  then,  just  enough  to  prevent  injury  to  the 
udder. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  103,  75  cents. 


BLACK  QUARTER— JOINT  FELON. 
QUARTER  EVIL. 

This  disease  is  more  prevalent  in  young-  cattle.  It 
is  seldom  seen  in  animals  over  three  years  of  age,  but 'oc- 
casionally it  is  met  with  in  animals  beyond  this  age. 

CAUSES: — The  blood  becomes  thick,  black  and  con- 
gested, which  is  caused  by  over-feeding,  especially  cattle 
that  have  been  taken  from  a  half-starved  condition  after  a 
hard  winter,  and  over  fed.  This  disease  is  very  sudden 
in  its  attack.       Death  usually  occurs  very  quickly. 

TREATMENT:— In  the  early  stages  of  this  disease 
the  animal  should  be  bled,  abstracting  two  gallons  of  blood. 
This  should  be  done  by  an  experienced  person.  Then 
give  as  a  physic  the  following: 

Epsom  Salts   Sixteen  ounces. 

Sulphite  of  Soda   Eight  ounces. 

Powdered  Ginger Two  drachms. 

Water Two  gallons.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  As  this  disease  usually  ends  fatally, 
our  efforts  will  be  directed  towards  prevention. 

PREVENTION:— This  is  very  important  to  the  wel- 
fare of  the  balance  of  the  herd,  when  the  disease  first  makes 
its  appearance.  Give  each  young  animal,  from  one  to 
two  years  old,  our 

REMEDY  NO.  104  AS  DIRECTED. 

Remove  the  young  stock  to  high  land  with  poor  pas- 


78  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

ture,  thereby  forcing  them  to  work  for  their  living.     Keep 
them  on  poor  pasture  for  at  least  seven  days. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  104,  75  cents. 


BLACK  TONGUE  (GLOSSITIS). 

This  is  a  disease  affecting  the  tongue.  Although  it 
is  apparently  situated  in  the  tongue,  it  is  considered  a  con- 
stitutional disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Appetite  gone,  mouth  slobbering, 
tongue  inflamed  and  swollen;  so  much  so  tha,t  it  some- 
times protrudes  from  the  mouth,  preventing  mastication 
and  swallowing.  Breathing  very  much  disturbed.  The 
animal  has  the  appearance  of  suffocation.  The  saliva  has 
a  very  offensive  smell.  If  the  animal  is  not  reHeved, 
usually  death  results  in  from  two  to  four  days. 
TREATiMENT:— Give  as  a  physic 

Epsom  Salts   Sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered  Ginger Two  drachms. 

Water Two  quarts.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  Wash  the  mouth  three  times  a 
day  with 

Powdered  Alum    One  ounce. 

Water  One  pint.  Mix. 

Follow  this  by  giving  our 

REMEDY  NO.   105  AS  DIRECTED. 
Feed  soft  feed,  bran /mash,  etc.,  and  allow  the  animal 
to  drink  plenty  of  cold   water,   as  this  will  help  to  allav 
the  inflammation. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  105,  $1.00. 


Diseases  of  Catti^e.  79 

BLOODY  URINE  (HAEMATURIA). 

This  disease  is  usually  caused  by  injuries  over  the  back 
and  loins,  or  from  eating  the  tops  of  plants  which  effect 
the  bladder  and  kidneys,  such  as  yews,  cedars  and  savins. 
Stones  in  the  bladder,  etc. 

SYMPTOMS: — Coagulated,  or  congealed  blood 
comes  when  the  first  flow  of  urine  is  discharged,  and  the 
remainder  of  the  urine  is  clear.  The  animal  is  weak,  and 
stands  with  the  back  arched,  straining  to  void  small  quant- 
ities of  urine.  Appetite  poor,  legs  and  horns  alternately 
hot  and  cold,  constipated,  decrease  of  milk.  When  walk- 
ing the  animal  straddles  and  shows  great  pain  from  press- 
ure along  the  back.  Do  not  confound  this  disease  with 
red  water,  (which  see). 

TREATMENT:— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  io6  AS  DIRECTED, 

and   apply   hot   water   cloths   across  the     back     over     the 

loins.       Give  flaxseed  tea  to  drink,  and  feed  soft  mashes, 

and  allow  the  animal  plenty  of  water  to  drink. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  io6,  $i.oo. 


BLOATING— HOVEN-STOMACH  STAGGERS. 

(Tympanitis.) 

Bloating  or  hoven  is  a  common  disease  among  cattle, 
and  is  the  result  of  the  giving  ofif  of  carbonic  acid  gas, 
from  the  large  quantity  of  grass  or  clover  when  wet,  con- 
tained within  the  rumen  or  paunch,  together  with  a  sus- 
pension of  the  function  of  digestion.  The  paunch  be- 
comes distended  to  an  enormous  size,  from  the  gases  that 
are  generated,  and  is  noticed  on  the  left  side.  Hoven 
may  occur  in  one  hour  after  the  animal  is  turned  out  to 


80  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

pasture  in  the  morning.  In  cases  of  this  kind,  time  means 
much;  tlierefore,  every  farmer  should  be  prepared  to  meet 
this  dangerous  affection,  by  having  our  remedy  No.  107 
on  hand.  If  the  case  is  very  severe  it  is  necessary  toi  tap 
the  stomach,  which  should  be  done  by  an  experienced  per- 
son. '  But  as  we  mentioned  before,  if  the  case  is  not  to 
far  advanced,  our 

REMEDY  NO.  107  GIVEN  AS  DIRECTED, 
will  save  the  trouble  of  tapping  and  the  life  of  the  ani- 
mal. Our  remedy  is  preferable  to  tapping  when  the  case 
is  not  to  far  advanced,  as  many  good  animals  are  lost  from 
the  tapping  process,  that  could  have  been  saved.  After 
the  stomach  has  been  relieved,  and  the  distention  has  sub- 
sided, give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  108  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  107  and  108  complete,  $1.00. 


BRONCHITIS. 

Bronchitis  is  an  inflammation  of  the  wind-pipe,  and 
sometimes  extending  to  the  lungs.  The  severity  of  this 
disease  is  varied.  When  there  is  intense  inflammation 
it  terminates  in  the  outpouring  of  serum,  from  the  blood  in> 
to  the  cavity  of  the  chest,  and  often  resulting  in  the  death 
of  the  animal.  If  the  cow  be  with  calf  frequently  the  re- 
sult will  be  abortion. 

CAUSES: — Tliis  disease  is  caused  by  atmospheric 
conditions,  which  usually  manifest  itself  in  the  spring  of 
the  year  and  early  summer,  causing  irritation  of  the  fauces, 
mouth,  throat  and  windpipe  and  sometimes  extends  to  the 
lungs.  This  disease  attacks  most  all,  if  not  all  of  the 
herd. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  81 

SYMPTOMS: — By  applying  the  ear  to  the  course  of 
the  wind-pipe,  a  sHght  rough  and  grating  sound  will  be 
heard.  This  sound  can  be  detected  twelve  hours  after  the 
attack.  The  quickness  and  depth  of  breathing  will  de- 
pend on  the  amount  of  serum  poured  out,  and  whether  the 
cow  be  witli  calf,  and  how  far  she  is  along.  In  a  week 
after  the  attack  the  animal  will  have  a  slight  husky  cough, 
weeping  eyes,  and  a  watery  discharge  from  the  inner  cor- 
ner of  the  nose.  Bronchitis  is  the  forerunner  of  pleuro- 
pneumonia. 

TREATAIENT: — As  soon  as  this  disease  is  discov- 
ered, give  without  a  moments  delay  our 

REMEDY  NO.  109  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  it  is  a  milch  cow  which  is  attacked,  and  she  con- 
tinues to  give  the  usual  amount  of  milk,  give  in  addition  to 
our  remedy  No.  109.  half  an  ounce  of  Commercial  Sulphur- 
ic Acid  mixed  in  three  gallons  of  cold  water,  to  be  given 
once  daily.  Cold  water  and  pure  air  are  very  necessary 
agfents  in  tlie  treatment  of  this  disease. 

Price  of  remedy  No.   109,  $2.00. 


CHOKING. 

Choking  is  of  frequent  and  common  occurrence, 
among  cattle  that  are  fed  upon  potatoes  and  other  roots. 

SYMPTOMS: — If  the  animal  slavers  considerably 
and  it  runs  from  the  mouth  profusely,  it  is  an  indication 
that  the  obstruction  is  high  up  in  the  throat.  Breathing 
will  be  difficult,  and  the  animal  evinces  great  uneasiness, 
attempts  to  cough,  and  the  nose  will  be  held  straight  out; 
should  the  obstruction  be  lower  down  in  the  neck,  or  in 
the  chest,  the  symptoms  will  not  be  so  prominent.       Bloat- 


82  Diseases  of  Catti^e. 

ing  is  one  of  the  symptoms  of  choking  and  usually  the  left 
side  will  be  distended. 

TREATMENT :— When  tlie  object  is  lodged  in  the 
upper  or  middle  third  of  the  gullet,  hold  the  animals  mouth 
open  in  the  most  convenient  manner  at  hand;  take  a  good 
strong  cord  making  a  slip  noose  on  the  end,  insert  the 
hand  into  the  mouth  and  throat  and  endeavor  to  get  the 
loop  over  the  obstruction.  Failing  to  do^  this,  tighten  the 
skin  over  the  obstruction;  try  to  move  the  obstruction  up- 
ward if  possible,  but  downward  if  it  will  go  without  using 
to  much  force.  If  you  are  unable  to  move  it  either  up  or 
down,  pour  small  quantities  of  warm  oil  or  melted  lard 
down  the  throat,  at  the  same  time  working  the  object  up- 
ward if  the  lodgment  is  high;  and  downward  if  it  is  low  in 
the  throat.  Should  this  also  prove  ineffectual,  the  pro- 
bang  sho-uld  be  used,  or  some  flexible  smooth  stick  may 
be  tried;  but  great  care  must  be  exercised  to  have  the 
stick  go  down  the  right  passage.  If  the  animal  sets  up  a 
coughing  wlien  the  stick  is  introduced  into  the  throat,  it 
is  an  indication  that  it  has  entered  the  air  passage, 
therefore  at  once  withdraw  it,  but  try  again  until 
it  is  properly  entered  down  to  the  obstruction.  Ex- 
ercise patience  and  perseverance  and  the  difificul- 
ty  is  usually  easily  overcome.  However  there 
are  cases  that  are  so  obstinate,  that  it  is  necessary  to  open 
the  gullet  over  the  place  of  the  obstruction;  a  safe  opera- 
tion requiring  only  a  simple  cut  through  the  skin  and 
outer  surface  of  the  gullet,  which  readily  heals  without 
much  trouble.  Bring  the  lips  of  the  wound  together 
with  a  strong  but  small  twine  or  saddlers  silk;  use  a  small 
darning  needle ;  if  a  packing  needle  is  not  at  hand.  Feed 
the  animal  for  a  w^eek  or  more,  on  soft  or  prepared  food 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  83 

until  the  wound  is  healed.  In  the  operation  of  displac- 
ing the  obstruction,  inflammation  of  the  throat  is  usually 
produced,  and  unless  treated  becomes  troublesome.  A 
simple  and  effective  remedy  for  this  trouble  is  the  follow- 
ing: 

Powdered  Alum    One-half  ounce. 

Powdered  Opium Three  drachms. 

Warm  Water    One  pint.  Mix. 

Give  wineglassful  three  times  a  day. 


COLIC. 

Colic  in  cattle  is  very  light  when  compared  with  the 
same  disease  in  the  horse. 

SYMPTOMS:— The  animal  twists  its  tail  from  side 
to  side,  appears  uneasy,  stamps  with  the  hind  feet,  occas- 
ionally turning  its  head  around  to  its  side.  This  general 
uneasy  appearance,  is  about  the  only  symptom,  that  will  be 
O'bserved  when  cattle  have  colic.  The  animal  may  lie 
down,  and  remain  perfectly  quiet  without  any  indications 
or  symptoms  of  distress. 

TREATMENT: — Administer  as  a  physic  the  follow- 
ing: 

Epsom  Salts Sixteen  ounces. 

Powdered  Ginger One  ounce. 

Powdered  Gentian   Half  ounce. 

Water   (warm)    Two  quarts.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  This  is  usually  all  that  is  necessary. 
But  after  giving  the  above  physic,  should  the  pains  and 
uneasiness  continue,  it  is  a  severe  case;  and  will  be  neces- 
sary to  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  no  AS  DIRECTED, 
which  will  speedily  relieve  and  cure  the  animal. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  no,  75  cents. 


84  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

CONSUMPTION. 

Consumption  is  met  with  more  frequently  in  the 
milch  cow,  than  any  other  animal,  and  is  usually  exhibited 
in  the  tubercular  form.  ' 

CAUSES: — Cows  that  give  an  abundance  of  milk 
become  reduced  in  flesh,  condition,  and  vitality.  The 
fibrous,  serous  tissues  of  the  body  become  deteriorated — 
forming  the  foundation  for  tubercular  consumption.  As 
the  cow  inherits  the  milking  qualities  of  her  mother,  she 
usually  develops  consumption,  and  for  this  reason  it  is 
known  as  an  hereditary  disease. 

SYMPTOAIS:— Thin  of  flesh;  rough  dead  looking 
coat;  less  of  appetite,  low  husky  cough,  weakness,  and  a 
bloodless  conditioai  of  the  whole  system,  which  is  easily  de- 
tected by  the  pale,  white  look  of  the  lining  of  the  eyes, 
nose,  and  mouth.  The  fore  legs  will  turn  out  at  the 
elbows,  back  arched,  and  when  lying  down  rests  upon  the 
belly  and  breast  bone.  The  milk  from  the  consumptive, 
co'W  is  thin,  blue,  and  watery.  When  consumption  is  in 
its  last  stage,  the  symptoms  will  be  those  of  diarrhoea,  dys- 
entary,  discharges  from  the  nose  and  eyes,  accoimpanied 
with  fever.  When  these  symptoms  have  developed,  the 
end  is  near. 

TREATMENT: — In  the  early  stages  of  this  disease, 
miich  good  can  be  accomplished  by  proper  treatment.  Ad- 
minister our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  iii  AND  112  AS  DIRECTED. 

Feed  the  animxal  with  an  abundance  of  rich  and  nutri- 
tious food,  such  as  linseed,  cake  meal,  etc.  Our  reme- 
c'ies  No.  Ill  and  112  will  sustain  the  vital  powers,  and  im- 
part tenacity  to  ihe  membranes  throughout  the  body.     This 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  85 

treatment  will  prolong  the  life,  and,  at  the  same  time,  im- 
prove the  condition  of  the  milking  qualities  of  the  cow. 
Price  of  remedies  Nos.  iii  and  112  complete,  $2.00. 


COW  POX. 

Cow  pox  is  a  simple  afYection  of  the  skin  and  udder. 
It  consists  of  a  contagious  eruption,  accompanied  by  slighr 
fever. 

SYMPTOMS: — Teats  slightly  swollen  and  painful; 
in  three  or  four  days  red  hard  spots  are  observed  on  the 
teats  and  udder,  which  in  a  few  more  days  form  round 
blisters,  which  burst  and  discharge  a  bluish  liquid.  This 
liquid  is  the  true  vaccine  lymph,  which  is  used  upon  the 
human  family  for  the  purpose  of  vaccination.  After  the 
lymph  has  been  discharged,  the  sores  scab  over  with  a 
thick  crust. 

TREATMENT -.-The  milk  should  be  drawn  from 
the  udder  by  the  syphon.  Keep  the  animal  warm  and  free 
from  exposure,  and  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  136  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


CROUP. 

Croup  is  occasionall}'  observed  in  milch  cows.  And  is 
situated  in  the  throat.  It  speedily  causes  suffocation,  and  i? 
very  fatal,  if  not  treated  at  once. 

CAUSES : — Cold  attacking  the  head  of  the  wind-p'-pe, 
followed  by  inflammation,  and  the  development  of  false 
membranes. 

SY^'MPTOMS : — Loud,  grating  noise  or  murmer.  rapul 


86  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

breathing,  and   fever.  The  animal  becomes  excited  and  is 
threatened  with  suffocation.  Cough  and  great  distress. 

TREATMENT : — Place  the  animal  in  the  open  air ;  if 
it  is  snm_mer  time  remove  to  a  shady  place,  and  give  our 

remb:dy  no.  114  AS  directed. 

This  will  allay  the  excitement,  fever,  and  irritation.  If 
remedy  No.  114  gives  relief  in  half  an  hour,  repeat  the 
dose  as  directed.  But  on  the  contrary,  if  there  are  no  signs 
of  felief  in  half  an  hour,  there  are  but  two  things  to  do. 
Wait  for  the  animal  to  die,  or  to  cut  a  hole  in  the  wind- 
pipe. In  case  the  latter  is  preferred,  tighten  the  skin  about 
the  middle  on  the  front  of  the  neck  over  the  wind-pipe,  and 
make  a  clean  cut,  fair  down  the  centre,  and  through  the 
skin ;  when  the  white  shining  wind-pipe  is  brought  to 
view,  have  an  assistant  to  hold  the  skin  back  out  of  the 
way,  dll  a  hole  is  cut  out  of  the  wind-pipe,  as  large  as  a 
fifty  cent  piece.  This  will  give  instantaneous  relief.  The 
hole  will  gradually  fill  up,  and  close  again  without  any 
trouble  whatever.  This  bold  operation,  although  very 
simple,  IS  the  only  sure  cure  after  our  remedy  has  failed  to 
relieve  this  dangerous  affection. 

Price  of  remedy  No.   114,  75  cents. 


CUD,  LOSS  OF, 

Loss  of  cud  or  rumination  is  not  a  disease,  but  ;i 
symptom  of  such  diseases  as  bronchitis,  pleuro-pneumonia, 
hoven,  aphtha,  etc.  When  rumination  has  ceased  in  any  of 
these  diseases  and  is  resumed  again,'  it  is  an  indication  that 
the  animal  is  improving,  that  the  functions  of  the  body  are 
again  active,  and  are  demanding  food  and  nourishment. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  87 

DIARRHOEA. 

Cattle  are  subject  to  diarrhoea  as  well  as  other  animals, 
and  the  causes  are  also  as  various.  Eating  to  excess  of  soft 
feed,  or  sudden  change  from  dry  to  green  food  is  the  prin- 
cipal cause. 

DIARRHOEA  SIMPLE— Does  not  call  for  much  dis- 
cription.  It  should  not  be  checked  to  quickly ;  as  much  mis- 
chief may  be  done  by  retarding  the  efforts  of  nature  to  get 
rid  of  something  that  is  irritating  and  injurious. 

TREATMENT  :— Simple  diarrhoea  will  not  require 
treatment  unless  it  should  become  violent;  in  that  case, 
change  of  feed  and  pasture  lands  will  be  one  of  the  first 
necessities.  If  this  does  not  effect  a  cure  it  will  be  necessary 
to  give  the  following: 

Prepared  Chalk two  ounces. 

Ginger half  ounce. 

Opium    one  drachm. 

Water    one  quart. 

Mix  with  one  quart  thoroughly  cooked  wheat  gruel  and 
give  as  a  drench.    Repeat  the  dose  if  necessary. 

DIARRHOEA  CHRONIC— Chronic  diarrhoea  is  a 
sequel  to  tuberculous  consumption  and  is  the  result  of  tuber- 
cles situated  on,  and  in  the  white  membranes  through  the 
body.     It  is  some  times  called  rot. 

SYMPTOMS: — Excessive  watery  discharges  accom- 
panied by  flatulency;  sometimes  good  appetite,  but  usually 
the  animal  does  not  relish  its  feed.  The  animal  will  stand 
all  drawn  up  with  cramping  pains,  and  rough  coat.  Rapid 
loss  of  flesh,  and  a  general  dejected  appearance. 

TREATMENT : — Feed  linseed,  or  cake  meal  in  gener- 
ous quantities.     As  chronic  diarrhoea  is  a  sequel  to  con- 


88  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

sumption,  the  treatment  and  remedies  are  the  same  as  in 
consumption.   (Which  see.) 

DIARRHOEA  IN  CALVES— WHITE  SCOURS:— 
This  affection  frequently  occurs  among  young  calves,  and 
destroys  thousands  of  them  everv'  year. 

CAUSES : — The  first  milk  of  the  mother  acts  as  a  mild 
physic  to  the  calf,  and  prepares  the  stomach  for  the  recep- 
tion and  proper  digestion  of  food ;  when  the  calf  does  not 
receive  this  first  milk,  the  secretions  become  acid  which  pro- 
duces constipation,  soon  followed  by  diarrhoea  or  scours.  It 
is  also  caused  by  giving  cold  milk  to  calves.  Eating  to^  rap- 
idly, which  gorges  the  stomach  and  paralyzes  the  digestive 
functions. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  symptoms  of  white  scours  or 
diarrhoea  in  calves,  is  vastly  different  from  diarrhoea  in 
other  animals.  They  have  a  greedy  appetite,  discharges  of 
wind  or  gas,  swelling  of  the  belly  with  occasional  pain.  The 
excrement  or  dung  is  of  a  white  or  yellowish  color.  In 
severe  cases,  the  true  milk  is  passed  unchanged. 

PREVENTION :— Until  the  calf  is  several  weeks  old 
allow  it  to  suck  its  mother,  morning,  noon,  and  night.  Thus 
avoiding  the  paralyzation  and  gorging  of  the  stomach  with 
cold  milk. 

TREATMENT :— The  first  object  is  to  counteract  the 
acid  secretion,  and  restore  the  bowels  to  a  natural  condi- 
tion.    This  is  best  accomplished  by  giving  our 

REMEDY  NO.  115  AS  DIRECTED. 

Immediate  attention  should  be  given  to  the  food,  which 
should  be  composed  of  equal  parts  of  milk  and  linseed  gruel, 
until  the  bowels  are  in  a  condition  to  receive  milk  alone.  If 
the  diarrhoea  has  assumed  a  chronic  form,  it  will  be  neces- 
sarv  to  administer  our 


Diseases  of  Cattle,  89 

REMEDY  NO.   ii6  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  115,  75  cents. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  116,  $1.00. 


FARDEL  BOUND. 

This  is  a  disease  afifecting  the  third  stomach  of  the 
cow  or  ox.  (See  Impaction  of  the  Omasum.) 


FOUL  IN  THE  FOOT— FOUL  CLAW. 

Foul  in  the  foot  is  a  sore  between  the  digital  spaces  pro- 
ducing lameness. 

CAUSES : — Standing  in  mud    and    moisture,    which 
scalds  the  parts. 

TREATMENT  :— Cleanse  the  foot  thoroughly  and  ap- 
ply our 

REMEDY  NO.  117  AS  DIRECTED. 

Keeping  the  feet  dry  and  clean,  will  assist  in  effecting 
a  cure. 


GENERAL  DEBILITY. 

Properly  speaking  general  debility  in  cattle,  is  the  re- 
sult of  faulty  digestion,  and  assimilation  of  the  food  taken 
into  the  stom.ach. 

SYMPTOMS: — Diminished  appetite,  the  animal  at 
every  opportunity  licking  the  earth,  stones,  lime  walls,  etc., 
which  cows  in  health  would  not  touch.  There  is  a  dis- 
charge of  mucus  from  the  eyes  and  mouth  accompanied  by 
staring  coat.  If  it  is  a  milch  cow,  the  milk  diminishes  in 
quantity  to  that  extent,  that  it  almost  disappears,  and  what 
there  is  of  it  is  very  blue  and  thin.     As  general  debility  ad- 


90  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

varices,  the  membranes  of  the  mouth,  nose,  and  eyes  are 
white  and  pale,  showing  a  bloodless  condition,  and  the  anim- 
al becomes  greatly  reduced  in  flesh.  The  joints  become 
swollen  and  stiff.  Finally  the  animal  is  reduced  to  a  skele- 
ton, and  dies  within  a  few  months  to  a  year  from  the  first 
appearance  of  the  disease,  unless  proper  treatment  is  given. 
Occasionally  this  disease  takes  on  epizootic  form,  and  at- 
tacks animals  over  a  vast  scope  of  country. 

TREATMENT : — Remove  the  animal  to  high  and  dry 
pasture  lands,  and  give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  ii8  AND  119  AS  DIRECTED. 

Give  plenty  salt,  and  an  abundance  of  good  nutritious 
food. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  118  and  119  complete,  $1.50. 


HOOSE  IN  CALVES. 
(See  Worms.) 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  BLADDER. 

(Cystitis.) 

Cattle  are  not  free  from  this  disease,  although  its  oc- 
currence is  rare.  It  is  generally  the  result  of  irritant  mat- 
ter in  the  urine,  or  stones  in  the  bladder. 

SYMPTOMS : — The  animal  exhibits  great  uneasiness, 
having  pain,  and  constantly  endeavoring  to  void  urine ;  but 
only  passing  a  small  quantity  at  a  time.  The  head  will  fre- 
quently be  turned  toward  the  flanks,  usually  the  eyes  are 
blood  shot.  Should  the  animal  not  be  relieved  death  will 
result  from  constant  excitement,  irritation,  weakness,  and 
exhaustion. 

TREATMENT :— Give   at  once   our 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  91 

REMEDY  NO.  120  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  will  relieve  the  irritation  and  pain.  Give  freely 
linseed  to  soothe  the  kidneys  and  bladder.  As  soon  as  the 
pain  and  irritation  have  been  allayed,  give  thirty  drops  of 
Muriatic  Acid  in  a  pail  of  cold  water  twice  a  day.  This 
will  lessen  or  destroy  any  stones  or  earthy  matter  which 
may  be  present.  NEVER  give  the  acid  whilst  there  is  any 
indication  of  pain  or  irritation  present. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  120,  75  cents. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LIVER. 

(Hepatitis.) 

CAUSES : — High  feeding  in  warm  stables,  without 
sufficient  exercise  to  keep  up  an  active  circulation  of  the 
blood,  causing  congestion  of  the  liver  which  results  in  in- 
flammation. 

SYMPTOMS: — During  the  stage  of  congestion  there 
are  no  symptoms  manifested.  But  when  inflammation  sets 
in,  the  breathing  is  slow,  the  mucus  membranes  of  the  eyes, 
nose  and  mouth  are  pale  or  tinged  with  y^ellow.  The  ex- 
crement or  dung  becomes  hard  and  black  indicating  constipa_ 
tion.  Urine  high  colored,  coat  dry,  ears  and  legs  cold.  On 
applying  pressure  behind  the  last  rib  on  the  right  side  the 
animal  will  evince  pain. 

TREATMENT : — Give  a  brisk    physic    composed    of 
the  following: 

Epsom  Salts   twenty  ounces. 

Aloes    one  ounce. 

Calomel two  drachms. 

Ginger one  ounce. 

Water one  gallon.  Mix.' 

After  the  physic  has  operated  give  our 


92  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

REMEDY  NO.  121  AS  DIRECTED. 
After  taking  remedy  No.  121  if  the  bowels  become  con- 
stipated give  as  a  mild  physic 

Epsom  Salts ten  ounces. 

Ginger   one-half  ounce. 

Water two  quarts.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.     As  the  animal  convalesces,  feed  in 
small   quantities,  easily   digested,   nutritious   food,   as  bran 
mash,  linseed  meal,  boiled  barley  and  choice  clean  hay. 
Price  of  remedy  No.   121,  $1.50. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  LUNGS. 
(Pneumonia.) 

Inflammation  of  the  lungs  is  produced  by  being  kept 
in  poorly  ventilated  stables,  and  exposure  to  cold  and  damp. 

SYMPTOMS :— Usually  the  first  symptom  of  this  dis- 
ease is  a  chill,  which  is  seldom  noticed  by  the  farmer.  After 
the  chill  the  animal  becomes  dull  and  stiff,  nose  dry,  mouth 
hot,  skin  dry,  rough  coat,  slight  cough,  breathing  short : 
eyes,  nose,  and  moiith  red ;  bowels  constipated,  high  colored 
and  scanty  urine.  The  animal  lies  down  most  of  the  time. 
As  the  disease  advances  the  ears  and  legs  become  cold, 
breathing  shorter,  and  an  unfavorable  result  may  be  ex- 
pected. 

TREATMENT:— Give  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  122  AND  123  AS  DIRECTED. 
If  the  bowels  are  constipated  give 

Epsom   Salts    twelve  ounces. 

Ginger one-half  ounce. 

Warm  Water    two  quarts.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench.     Mustard  applied  freely  to  the  sides 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  93 

of  the  chest,  will  benefit  greatly.     Blanket  well,  and  if  the 
limbs  become  cold  nib  them  briskly  with  alcohol  and  band- 
age.    Allow  the  animal  to  inhale  cool,  fresh  air,  and  give 
plenty  of  fresh,  cold  water  to  drink.    Feed  on  soft  food. 
Price  of  remedies  Nos.  122  and  123  complete,  $1.50. 


infla?amation  of  the  udder. 

(Garget  Mammitis,) 

This  troublesome  inflammation  occurs  in  cows  most  fre- 
quently shortly  after  calving,  but  in  some  instances  not  until 
several  weeks  after.     Usually  it  is  confined  to  one  quartei 
of  the  udder  only. 

CxA.USES  : — Becoming  overheated.  Net  milking  th2 
cow  before  calving,  when  her  udder  is  almost  ready  to 
burst.  Neglecting  to  milk  the  cow  sufficientlv  after  calving 
If  the  udder,  teats  and  milk  ducts  are  kept  from  over-gorge- 
rnent,  there  will  be  no  trouble  with  inflammation  of  the  ud- 
der. Cows  endowed  with  great  milking  qualities  are  usual 
h'-  the  victims  of  garget. 

SYMPTOMS:— Inflamm.ation  of  the  udder  may  exisi 
in  mild  form  for  a  few  days  and  then  subside,  without  an^- 
alarming  symptoms.     But  with  the  severe  form,  the  udde- 
b^ccm/s  verv  hot,  ^ed,  swollen  and  piinful,  rumination  Vf^^ 
tiallv   s^^spended,  m.ilk  becomes  diminished.      T]--   " ' " 
portion  of  the  udder  will  appear  and  feel  firm  and  ha-d.  O'^^ 
ing  to  the  condition  of  the  udder,  m.uch  pain  is  evinced  dur- 
ing the  operation  of  milking.     The  milk  will  be  thick  an] 
curd-like,  and  frequently  streaked  with  blood.     If  the  con- 
is  not  relieved,   suppuration  takes  rl?cp  ^vitl-i-^   t^-'"   " 
The  pus  mav  be  discharged  with  the  milk,  or  it  may  grow 
to  a  soft,  fluctuating  point,  and  break  externally  ;  causing  the 


94  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

distructioii  of  this  portion  of  the  udder  forever.  When  the 
heat  and  redness  are  not  followed  by  swelling  and  pus,  it  is 
called  chronic  garget.  In  addition  to  the  above  symptoms, 
the  cow  will  have  shivers  and  chills,  not  from  cold,  but 
from  the  muscular  rigor. 

TREATMENT: — When  inflammation  of  the  udder  is 
first  noticed,  if  given  the  proper  attention  the  result  will  be 
favorable.  Remove  the  animal  to  a  dry  comfortable  place, 
free  from  draughts,  and  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  124  AS  DIRECTED. 
Apply  to  the  udder  for  two  hours  at  a  time,  hot  f omen 
tations  prepared  as  follows:  to  each  gallon  oi  water  used, 
add  four  ounces  of  Powdered  Sulphate  of  Iron.  Immediate- 
ly after  fomenting  apply  a  hot  hop  or  fried  onion  poultice. 
Milk  the  udder  frequently ;  or  the  best  plan  will  be  to  put 
two  strong  calves  to  suck.  If  there  is  much  pain  during  the 
operation  of  milking,  insert  the  teat  siphon.  If  the  case  has 
been  neglected  and  there  is  a  formation  of  pus,  open  deeply 
at  the  lowest  point,  and  allow  the  pus  to  escape  without 
forcing.  When  the  discharge  has  ceased,  heal  the  sore  or 
opening  by  applying  our 

REMEDY  NO.  89  AS  DIRECTED. 

If  our  treatment  is  carefully  followed,  the  usefulness  of 
the  udder  will  be  retained. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  124,  $1.00. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  89,  $1.00. 


IMPACTION  OF  THE  OMASUM. 
FARDEL  BOUND. 

In  some  parts  of  the  world  this  disease  has  been  called 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  95 

"wood  evil,"  owing  to  the  stomach  being  filled  with  leaves, 
sticks  and  dried  twigs  from  bushes. 

CAUSES  : — Feeding  on  food  containing  a  great  amount 
of  woody  fibre,  or  feeding  on  grass  that  has  been  left  stand 
in  the  field  until  it  becomes  dry. 

SYMPTOMS :— The  animal  becomes  dull  and  stupid, 
carrying  the  head  low  down  or  resting  the  head  on  soma 
object.  Loss  of  appetite,  suspension  of  rumination  or  loss 
of  cud,  quickened  breathing  accompanied  with  a  grunt. 
Great  thirst ;  ears,  horns  and  legs  become  cold.  Sometimes 
the  tongue  protrudes  from  the  mouth.  As  the  disease  ad- 
vances, moaning  takes  the  place  of  the  grunt,  diarrhoea  suc- 
ceeds costiveness,  and  the  poor  beast  dies  from  ej^haustion 
and  from  the  want  of  proper  treatment.  Sometimes  the 
brain  is  afifected,  in  which  case  the  animal  will  rush  around, 
fall  down,  and  struggle  as  in  a  fit.  When  this  occurs  death 
soon  follows. 

TREATMENT :— So  long  as  the  animal  does  not  ap- 
pear stupid,  or  as  long  as  the  brain  is  not  affected,  the  ani- 
mal can  be  cured  by  giving  a  brisk  physic,  prepared  as  fol- 
lows: 

Epsom  Salts two  pounds. 

Calomel  two  drachms. 

Gentian one  ounce. 

Warm  Water  one  gallon.  Mix. 

And  give  at  one  dose.    Also  give  an  injection  of  warm 
soapsuds  everv^  hour  for  three  hours,  and  give  our 
REMEDY  NO.  125  AS  DIRECTED. 
If  in  forty-eight  hours  after  giving  the  physic  the  bow- 
els have  not  moved,  give  half  of  the  first  dose. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  125,  $1.00. 


96  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

JAUNDICE. 

•  This  is  a  common  disease  among  cattle,  and  consists  ot 
a  distribution  of  bile  throughout  the  whole  circulation  of 
the  body. 

CAUSES : — Closure  of  the  biliary  duct,  preventing  the 
bile  from  passing  into  the  bowels,  resulting  in  the  re-ab-, 
sorption  and  diffusion  of  the  bile  through  -the  whole  sys- 
tem. The  bile  duct  may  be  closed  from  gall  stones. 

SYMPTOMS: — Usually  the  first  symptom  noticed,  is 
the  yellow  appearance  of  the  eyes  and  the  membranes  lining 
the  nose  and  mouth.  In  addition  to  this  the  bowels  will  be 
constipated,  urine  high  colored,  and  the  animal  has  a  dull 
appearance,  heavily  coated  tongue,  and  generally  loss  of 
cud. 

TREATMENT :— Give  as  a  physic 

Epsom  Salts twelve  ounces. 

Powdered  Barbadoes  Aloes one  ounce. 

Podophyllin   Resin    two  drachms. 

Ginger    two  drachms. 

Water two  quarts.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  After  the  physic  has  operated,  give 
our 

REMEDY  NO.  126  AS  DIRECTED. 
While  the  animal  is  convalescing,  carefully  feed  on  eas- 
ily digested  food,  such  as  bran  mash,  malt,  clover  hay,  bar- 
ley, etc. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  126,  $1.50. 


LOCK  JAW  (TETANUS.) 
Lock  jaw  is  an  affection  that  does  not  attack  cattle  as 
frequently  as  it  does  horses,  but  in  cattle  it  is  more  fatal, 


Diseases  of  Catti^e.  97 

hence  the  extreme  dread  of  this  disease  by  the  cattle  owner. 
Lock  jaw  is  a  nervous  disorder,  and  the  treatment  is  very 
difficult  and  unsatisfactory.  Some  authorities  say,  at  the  first 
appearance  of  lock  jaw  kill  the  animal  and  dress  it  for  mar- 
ket. However,  there  have  been  cases  where  animals  have  re- 
covered from  the  disease,  by  treatment  in  the  early  stages. 

CAUSES: — Lock  jaw  is  usually  caused  by  pricks  from 
nails,  bruises,  or  castration. 

TREATMENT : — Remove  the  animal  to  a  comfortable 
place  entirely  away  from  other  cattle,  and  let  nothing  annoy 
or  disturb  the  patient.  As  cattle  with  lock  jaw  are  prone 
to  lie  down,  make  the  animal  as  comfortable  as  possible  and 
give  plenty  of  good  bedding.  If  the  animal  has  the  power 
of  swallowing,  give  at  once  a  good  physic,  as  follows : 

Epsom  Salts   eight  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  Soda   twelve  ovmces. 

Water one  quart.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.    Foljow  this  by  administering  our 
REMEDY  NO.  127  AS  DIRECTED. 

Place  a  pail  of  thin  gruel  so  the  animal  can  suck  it ;  this 
allays  thirst  and  helps  to  keep  up  the  animal's  strength.  Re- 
member, above  all  things  keep  the  animal  perfectly  free 
from  excitement,  and  annoyance,  and  let  only  one  person 
attend  the  patient,  as  a  change  of  attendants  excites  and  an- 
noys the  animal.  By  following  the  above  treatment  you 
mav  save  the  beast.  Many  good  ideas  can  be  gained,  by 
referring  to  lock  jaw  in  the  horse,  (which  see  in  the  horse 
department  of  this  book). 

Price  of  remedy  No.  127,  $1.00. 


98  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

LUMP  JAW— CANCEROUS   ULCERS. 

Lump  Jaw  is  situated  upon  the  jaws ;  either  upper  or 
lower,  generally  on  the  lower  jaw.  At  first  they  appear  as 
small,  movable,  hard  nodules.  As  they  develop  in  size,  they 
become  attached  to  the  bone,  and  may  continue  to  grow  for 
m.onths  before  breaking.  When  the  ulcer  breaks  it  has  a 
ragged  appearance  and  discharges  a  thin  liquid,  or  pus,  and 
sometimes  bleeds  profusely.  As  the  disease  advances,  it  af- 
fects the  teeth,  causing  them  to  fall  out. 

TREATMENT :— Lump  Jaw  is  incurable.  Therefore, 
there  is  no  special  treatment.  When  the  nodule  or  lump 
first  appears,  the  animal  can  be  marketed.  But  after  the 
lump  has  opened,  the  flesh  should  in  no  case  ever  be  used. 


MAD  STAGGERS. 

(Phrenitis.) 

Mad  Staggers  is  an  inflammation  of  the  brain,  and  is 
very  similar  to  mad  staggers  in  the  horse. 

CAUSES : — Distention  of  the  stomach  caused  by  over- 
feeding on  long  wet  grass  or  clover.  It  is  also  caused  by 
an  excessive  accumulation  of  wax  in  the  ear,  which  com- 
municates with  the  brain.  Injuries  to  the  head,  exposure  to 
hot  sun,  or  may  be  the  sequel  to  some  fever. 

SYMPTOMS: — Mad  Staggers  more  frequently  occurs 
during  the  heated  term  of  the  season.  At  the  onset  the  ani- 
mal  appears  stupid  and  dull,  and  is  inclined  to  press  its  head 
against  some  object.  This  is  succeeded  by  quickened  breath- 
ing, excitement,  and  delirium.  During  these  delirious  at- 
tacks, the  eyes  are  bloodshot  and  staring,  the  animal  run- 
ning about  as  thoug-h  it  were  blind  and  drunk  or  mad.  If 
the  animal  is  not  relieved  it  falls  down  in  a  state  of  stupor, 
from  which  it  never  recovers. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  99 

TREATMENT : — In  the  early  stages  of  this  disease,  It 
can  quickly  be  relieved,  by  giving  an  active  physic,  com- 
posed of 

Epsom  Salts   sixteen  ounces. 

Table  Salt   sixteen  ounces. 

Molasses   four  ounces. 

Cold  Water one  gallon.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.     Follow  this  by  administering  our 

REMEDY  NO.  128  AS  DIRECTED. 
Apply  ice  or  cold  water  to  the  head,  rub  the  limbs  brisk- 
ly with  Alcohol,  and  bandage.  Also  blanket  the  body. 
Price  of  remedy  No.   128,  $1.00. 


MANGE. 

For  causes,  symptoms,  and  treatment,     see  mange  in 


horses. 


MILK  FEVER. 

Milk  fever  almost  alw^ays  occurs,  after  the  fourth  calv 
ing,  in  cows  that  are  highly  fed,  and  are  good  milkers ;  it 
usually  appears  within  three  days  after  calving,  rarely  after 
the  third  day.  Milk  fever  consists  in  inflammation  of  the 
womb,  which  sometimes  even  extends  to  the  bowels.  If  the 
animal  does  not  receive  proper  care  and  treatment,  this  dis- 
ease will  undoubtedly  prove  fatal,  as  fully  one-half  of  those 
attacked  die.  Do  not  confound  milk  fever  with  inflamma- 
tion of  the  udder,  as  the  diseases  are  vastly  different. 

CAUSES : — Over  feeding  before  and  immediately  aft- 
er calving ;  causing  an  undue  deterioration  of  the  blood  to 
ihe  womb.  It  is  also  caused  from  sudden  changes  of  the 
weather  at  the  time  of  calving. 


100  Diseases  of  CattIvE. 

SYMPTOMS:— From  the  first  to  the  third  day  after 
calving,  the  cow  has  a  dull  and  stupid  appearance,  accom- 
panied with  loss  of  appetite ;  chewing  the  cud  or  rumination 
is  suspended ;  the  cow  has  a  staggering  gate,  and  walks  as 
if  weak  across  the  back.  As  the  disease  advances  the  ani- 
mal takes  on  a  wild  look,  falls  to  the  ground,  and  cannot 
rise  again.  If  the  disease  is  not  checked,  the  brain  will  soon 
become  affected,  at  which  time  the  cow  will  dash  her  head 
viciously  from  side  to  side,  phmging  her  horns  into  the 
ground,  and  endangering  those  around  her. 

PREVENTION : — Give  one  week  before  calving,  our 

REMEDY  NO.  129  AS  DIRECTED. 

Let  the  cow's  feed  be  of  the  lightest  kind,  such  as  good, 
clean  hay  and  thin  slop  mashes.  Do  not  feed  any  grain, 
meal,  or  solid  food.  Our  remedy  No.  129  will  lessen  the 
tendency  to  interruption  of  the  circulation,  and  will  improve 
the  health,  and  tone  the  entire  system.  There  is  no  other 
remedy  as  capable  of  equalizing  the  circulation  of  the 
blood,  and  we  are  confident  it  will  prevent  much  suffering 
to  the  cow,  and  inconvenience  and  loss  to  the  owner.  Any 
cow  that  has  been  afflicted  with  milk  fever,  at  the  next  time 
of  calving,  should  receive  all  the  benefits  of  our  remedy  No. 
129  for  prevention,  as  a  re-occurrence  of  milk  fever  will  in- 
variably develop  at  the  next  calving,  and  generally  proves 
fatal. 

TREATMENT:— Milk  Fever  demands  constant  at- 
tendance as  long  as  there  is  life  in  the  cow,  as  our  remedy 
has  cured  cases,  where  the  owner  considered  the  animal  lost 
and  expected  death  every  moment.  As  soon  as  this  disease 
presents  itself,  at  once  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  130  AS  DIRECTED. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  101 

Place  chopped  ice  or  cold  water  cloths  on  the  forehead, 
and  give  as  soon  as  possible  the  following  physic : 

Epsom  Salts twenty  ounces. 

Calomel   one  drachm. 

■  Croton  Oil    twenty  drops. 

Ginger one  ounce. 

Water one-half  gallon.  Mix. 

Give  slowly  at  one  dose  as  a  drench.  The  cow  should 
be  turned  from  side  to  side,  each  time  that  remedy  No.  130 
is  given.  But  kept  perfectly  quiet  at  all  other  times.  The 
legs  and  body  must  be  kept  warm.  Allow  plenty  of  pure 
air,  and  cold  water  to  drink.  Constantly  apply  over  the  loins 
heavy  cloths  wrung  out  of  hot  water.  Keep  the  bag  empty 
by  frequently  drawing  the  milk.  As  soon  as  the  cow  ap- 
pears conscious  of  her  surroundings,  give  her  thin  slop 
mashes  to  eat,  and  continue  this  diet  until  she  has  thorough- 
ly recovered. 

Price  of  remedy  No.   129,  $1.25. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  130,  $1.00. 


MILK  TREMBLES. 

This  disease  appears  in  the  wooded  country,     of  the 
South  and  Southwest. 

CAUSES  : — Cold,  moisture  and  miasma.       It  usually 
disappears  after  the  timber  has  been  cleared  from  the  land. 
TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  131  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  $1.25. 


MURRAIN— EPIZOOTIC  APHTHA. 

Epizootic  Aphtha  is  called  murrain  in  some  parts  of  the 


102  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

world.  It  is  a  contagious  disease  attacking  the  feet,  mouth, 
and  sometimes  extending  to  the  teats  and  udder.  It  fre- 
quently proves  fatal.  It  is  rarely  seen  twice  in  the  same 
animal.     It  consists  of  an  eruptive  fever. 

CAUSES : — Epizootic  Aphtha  is  caused  by  the  peculiar 
conditions  of  the  surroundings,  which  exercise  certain  dele- 
tarious  influence  on  the  system.  Contagion  is  believed  to  be 
the  greatest  cause. 

SYMPTOMS  : — Small  vesicles  or  blisters  appear  in  the 
mouth,  on  the  feet  around  and  between  the  coronet,  causing 
them  to  become  sore.  Sometimes  these  same  blisters  appear 
on  the  teats  and  udder,  causing  much  annoyance.  The  blis- 
ters contain  pus,  and  soon  discharge  and  dry  up  forming  a 
scab.  The  appetite  is  poor.  Thick  ropy  saliva  runs  from 
the  mouth.  The  feet  are  not  always  attacked,  but  generally 
are.  When  the  feet  are  badly  affected,  the  sores  burrow 
deep  between  the  hoof  and  sensitive  structure  of  the  foot, 
causing  a  complete  separation  of  the  hoof,  which  is  finally 
thrown  off.  If  the  herd  is  properly  attended  to,  not  many, 
if  any  of  them  will  die;  and  the  hoof  will  grow  on  again,  al- 
though not  so  strong  as  the  first  one,  but  will  be  as  useful  as 
ever. 

TREATMENT :— Give  as  a  mild  physic- 
Sulphate  of  Soda ten  ounces. 

Ginger one-half  ounce. 

Foenugreek one-half  ounce. 

Warm  Water one  quart.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose.    Wash  the  sores  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  132  AS  DIRECTED. 
The  milk  of  cows  affected  with  this  disease,  is  poison. 
And  even  if  the  calf  is  allowed  the  milk,  it  will  soon  perish. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  132,  75  cents. 


Diseases  of  Catti^e.  103 

PLAGUE— CONTAGIOUS  TYPHUS- 
RINDERPEST. 

This  disease  consists  in  inflammation  of  the  white  mem- 
brane of  the  nose,  wind-pipe,  and  chest.  The  membranes  be- 
come deteriorated,  portions  become  detached,  and  decay, 
forming-  a  dangerous  poison  which  is  absorbed  into  the  cir- 
culation, producing  fermentation  of  the  bipod,  resulting  in 
boils,  or  small  carbuncles  which  soon  discharge  pus.  This 
disease  if  not  given  prompt  treatment,  gradually  progresses 
until  the  blood  and  tissues  of  the  body  are  no  longer  fit  for 
the  purpose  of  life ;  and  the  animal  becomes  exhausted,  and 
dies  in  from  a  few  days  to  one,  two  and  three  weeks  from 
the  time  of  the  attack. 

CAUSES :— The  exciting  causes  are  the  conditions  of 
the  earth  and  atmosphere,  as  heat  and  moisture,  cold  and 
dryness ;  contagion.  The  predisposing  cause  is,  general  de- 
bility or  a  low  standard  of  general  health.  (See  General  De- 
bility). 

SYMPTOMS  -.—Arched  back,  weeping  eye  and  nostril, 
followed  by  huskv  cough,  with  dullness  and  prostration. 
A.ppetite  and  chewing  of  cud  irregular.  If  the  animal  is 
attacked  with  rigor  and  chills,  it  is  an  evidence  that  blood- 
poison  has  set  in.  The  breathing  soon  becomes  difficult,  the 
skin  and  hair  have  an  unhealthy  appearance,  and  high  fever 
is  present.  Eruptions  and  sores  appear  in  the  mouth  and 
nose,  and  sometimes  extend  to  the  feet.  After  the  appear- 
ance of  these  eruptions,  the  discharge  from  the  eyes  and 
nose  will  consist  of  pus  streaked  with  blood.  When  saliva- 
tion and  diarrhoea  make  their  appearance,  accompanied  by 
stupor,  death  is  ?ipproaching.  Debilitated  animals  and  cows 
heavy  with  calf,  will  die  much  sooner  from  this  disease  than 
r.nimals  in  good  condition. 


104  Diseases  of  CattIvE. 

TREATMENT : — As  this  is  a  contagious  disease,  to 
prevent  its  spread,  it  will  be  necessary  to  isolate  the  strick- 
en animals  from  the  balance  of  the  herd.  And  to  the  af- 
flicted cattle  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  133  AS  DIRECTED. 
Our  remedy  No.  133  has  been  tested  and  proved  to  be 
a  perfect  success,  vvhere  others  have  failed.     Give  the  most 
nutritious  food  to  be  had,  and  the  result  will  be  most  sat- 
isfactory. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  133,  $2.00. 


RED  WATER— BLACK  WATER. 

This  disease  only  affects  milch  cows,  and  makes  its  ap- 
pearance soon  after  calving. 

^^>.c,SES: — Usually  caused  by  local  congestion,  the 
liver  and  kidneys  being  chiefly  implicated.  It  is  sometimes 
caused  by  the  peculiar  properties  of  certain  herbs  or  grasses, 
wh'ch  the  cow  feeds  upon. 

SYMPTOMS :— For  a  day  or  two  the  animal  will 
have  diarrhoea,  which  is  followed  by  constipation;  in  the 
first  stage,  the  urine  is  brown  in  color;  in  the  second  stage, 
it  changes  to  a  deep  red  color,  and  in  the  last  and  fatal 
stage,  to  a  black. 

TREATMENT  : — Give  a  brisk  physic  composed  of: 

Epsom  Salts sixteen  ounces. 

Table  Salt sixteen  ounces. 

Ginger one-half  ounce. 

Molasses four  ounces. 

Water one  gallon.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose.  Follow  this  by  giving  our 

REMEDY  NO.  134  AS  DIRECTED. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  105 

Feed  very  soft  mashes  for  two  days;  after  this  time, 
good  generous  feeding  will  assist  and  hasten  the  animals 
recovery. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  134,  $1.50. 


RING  WORM. 

This  disease  is  produced  by  parasites.  It  is  a  contag- 
ious disease,  but  not  a  fatal  one.  Young,  and  poorly  fed 
cattle  are  most  subject  to  ring  worm. 

TREATMENT: — Remove  the  afifected  animals  from 
the  other  cattle,  and  feed  good,  nutritious  food.  Bathe  the 
ring  worm  with  soft-soap  and  warm  water,  and  apply  once 
daily  for  three  or  four  days,  our 

REMEDY  NO.  135  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  will  speedily  eradicate  the  ring  worm.  If  the  ring 
v/orm  is  close  to  the  eye,  use  EXTREME  care  in  not  allow- 
mg  any  of  the  medicine  to  enter  the  eye. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  135,  50  cents. 


SORE  TEATS. 

The  skin  of  the  teats  of  some  cows  is  very  tender  and 
easily  cracked,  forming  open  sores  which  sometimes  are  dif- 
ficult to  heal.  These  sores  are  more  frequently  met  with  in 
cows  that  have  just  calved,  and  give  considerable  annoyance 
during  the  operation  of  milking;  not  only  causing  the  cow 
much  pain,  but  the  disagreeable  feature  of  blood  and  pus 
getting  into  the  milk.  When  the  teats  are  sore  and  tender, 
do  not  allow  the  calf  to  suck,  as  it  will  aggravate  the  sores, 
and  in  many  instances  will  cause  the  cow  to  develop  into 
a  proffessional  kicker. 


106  Diseases  of  Catti,e. 

TREATMENT: — Sore  teats  can  be  easily  and  quick- 
ly healed  by  applying  our 

REMEDY  NO.  136  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


SPLEENIC  APOPLEXY. 

This  is  a  new  disease,  and  is  one  that  is  seldom  met 
with,  except  among  cattle  which  are  being  fattened  rapidly. 
It  consists  in  engorgement  of  the  spleen  with  blood,  creat- 
ing a  poisonous  ferment  within  the  blood.  When  the  spleen 
becomes  ruptured,  death  follows  in  a  short  time.  Never 
feed  the  flesh  of  an  animal  that  has  died  of  spleenic  apo- 
plexy to  anything;  as  chickens,  dogs  and  pigs,  will  die  in  a 
few  hours  after  eating  this  poisonous  flesh.  Men  have  died 
from  cutting  themselves  while  removing  the  hide  from  cat- 
tle that  died  from  this  disease. 

CAUSE : — Food,  rich  in  nutritive  qualities,  and  de- 
ficient in  fluids,  is  the  great  cause  of  spleenic  apoplexy  in 
cattle. 

SYMPTOMS: — This  disease  comes  on  very  suddenly; 
the  animal  may  have  every  appearance  of  health  in  the 
morning,  and  be  dead  before  evening.  The  symptoms  are 
as  follows :  Colicky  pains,  urine  and  manure  mixed  with 
blood,  twitching  of  the  muscles,  frothing  from  the  mouth, 
breathing  quick  and  short,  staggering  gait.  The  animal  falls 
and  dies. 

x^v^aTMENT: — When  seen  in  the  first  stage  give 
immediately,  the  following  physic : 

Epsom  Salts sixteen  ounces. 

Glauber  Salts twelve  ounces. 

Calomel two  drachms. 

Gitjger one  oimce. 


Diseases  of  Cattle.  107 

Warm  Water one  gallon.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose.  Apply  chopped  ice,  or 
cole  water  to  the  head,  and  administer  every  two  hours  the 
following : 

Carbonate  of  Ammonia two  drachms. 

Ginger one  drachm. 

Water two  quarts.  Mix. 

If  this  treatment  is  given  in  time,  it  will  in  rare  cases 
effect  a  cure.  But  no  treatment,  however,  well  directed,  is 
of  any  use  when  the  disease  has  thoroughly  manifested  it- 
self. The  best  treatment  for  the  balance  of  the  herd,  is  to 
prevent  its  further  appearance,  by  reducing  the  diet  to  somc- 
thirg  less  nutritious  and  containing  more  fluid,  than  their 
present  diet. 


STURDY  (HYDATIDES.) 

Sturdy  is  a  parasitic  disease.  It  is  the  result  of  a  worm 
found  floating  in  a  fluid,  surrounded  by  a  sack,  and  situated 
on  one  side  of  the  brain,  near  the  base  of  the  horn. 

CAUSES :— This  worm  is  taken  into  the  stomach  of 
the  animal  while  eating  feed  or  grass,  on  which  have  been 
dropped  ova  or  eggs  from  dogs,  aflfected  with  tape-worm. 

SYMPTOMS :— The  first  symptom  is  usually  the  total 
blindness  of  one  of  the  eyes;  however,  this  is  not  always  the 
case.  The  only  symptom  to  be  relied  upon,  is  a  constant  de- 
sire of  the  animal  to  turn  in  the  form  of  a  circle.  This  the 
animal  will  persist  in  doing,  and  only  stops,  when  coming 
in  contact  with  some  object  which  prevents  further  circular 
turning.  The  animal  frequently  comes  in  contact  with  ob- 
jects with  such  force,  that  on  the  side  of  the  head  will  ap- 
pear large  swellings ;  but  this  does  not  check  the  desire  for 
turning.     The  animal  becomes  emaciated,  and  the  inabilitv 


108  Diseases  of  Cattle. 

to  stop  turning  prevents  it  from  gathering  food.  And  un- 
less the  animal  receives  treatment,  the  case  will  terminate  in 
starvation. 

TREATMENT : — The  cure  consists  in  finding  the  ex- 
act spot  on  the  head  over  the  hydatid,  and  boring  through 
the  bone  with  an  iiistrument  made  for  that  purpose.  As  soon 
as  the  bone  is  bored  through,  a  small  pair  of  forceps  or  tongs 
is  put  through  it  into  the  sack,  and  by  this  means  together 
v/ith  a  long  nozzle  syringe,  pump  out  what  fluid  there  is  in 
the  cavity,  and  a  cure  is  completed.  Tlie  hole  will  have  to  be 
closed  by  a  pad  or  cloth,  to  exclude  the  air  until  it  has  closed 
by  a  new  bone.  This  operation  should  only  be  attempted 
by  a  skilled  and  experienced  person. 


TEXAN  FEVER. 

Texan  Fever  is  similar  to  fardel  bound,  and  is  not  con- 
find  to  Texas  alone,  as  it  frequently  develops  at  the  close 
of  summer,  more  or  less  every  year,  in  the  Eastern  and 
Middle  States.  It  consists  in  the  impaction  of  the  manyplus 
or  third  stomach,  with  withered  or  dried  grass  and  herbage, 
containing  no  moisture  whatever.  While  fardel  bound  con- 
sists in  the  impaction  of  the  omasum  or  fourth  stomach, 
v.dth  the  same  substances.  Therefore  for  causes,  symptoms 
and  treatment  see  impaction  of  the  omasum. 


THRUSH  IN  THE  MOUTH— SORE  MOUTH. 

APHTHA. 

This  is  an  eruption  of  the  mouth  consisting  of  small 
vesicles  or  sores,  appearing  on  the  lips  and  cheeks  and 
soD.etimes  on  the  tongue.    These  eruptions  ulcerate  and  are 


Diseases  of  Catti^e.  109 

quite   troublesome;   they   sometimes   appear  in  the  mouth 
of  young  cattle,  generally  caused  from  teething. 

SYMPTOMS: — Saliva  dropping  from  the  lips,  drop- 
ping or  quidding  of  the  food,  sometimes  considerable  fever, 
bi't  fever  is  not  always  present.  Upon  examination  of  the 
mouth  the  sores  or  ulcers  will  be  revealed. 

TREATMENT: — Give  as  a  mild  physic  one  quart  of 
Raw  Linseed  Oil,  and  wash  the  mouth  twice  daily  with  a 
solution  prepared  as  follows : 

Powdered  Alum two  ounces. 

Water one  pint.  Mix. 

If  the  Alum  is  not  convenient,  a  weak  mixture  of  cider 
vinegar  and  cold  v/ater  will  answer. 


WARTS. 

Warts  appear  most  frequently  about  the  eyes,  mouth, 
teats,  and  udder.  They  seldom  give  any  trouble  to  the  cov/, 
unless  they  are  situated  on  the  teats  or  in  the  milk  channel. 
TREATMENT: — When  warts  give  any  annoyance 
they  should  be  removed  by  a  sharp  pair  of  scissors  or  knife, 
and  apply  our 

'  REMEDY  NO.  137  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  50  cents. 


WORMS. 

The  most  prevalent  species  are  the  large  round  worms, 
although  tape-worm  is  occasionally  discovered  in  cattle. 

SYMPTOMS: — If  tape-worm  is  present,  links  of  the 
worm  will  be  voided  in  the  dung.  Irregular  and  ravenous 
appetite,  debilitated  condition,  with  a  hidebound  appear- 
ance.   Sometimes  colicky  pains  accompanied  by  diarrhoea. 


110  Diseases  of  Catti^e. 

TREATMENT : — For  worms  of  any  variety,  except 
tape-worm,  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  138  AS  DIRECTED. 

For  tape- worm  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  139  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  138,  $1.00. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  139,  $1.00. 

HOOSE  IN  CALVES.— This  is  a  parasitic  disease, 
and  is  common  among  young  calves  and  cattle  until  two 
years  old.    This  disease  is  very  fatal  in  its  results. 

CAUSES  : — Minute  worms  called  filaria  bronchi,  in- 
habit the  wind-pipe  and  bronchial  tubes  of  young  cattle, 
sheep  and  lambs. 

SYMPTOMS: — Loss  of  appetite,  emaciation,  husky 
cough,  difficult  breathing.  This  diease  is  rapid  in  its  dis- 
truction,  and  death  takes  place  in  from  two  to  three  weeks, 
according  to  the  age  of  the  beast. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  140  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  remedy  will  quickly  effect  a  cure.  Give  the  calves 
good  feed,  such  as  oil  cake,  etc.    If  they  have  become  very 
much  weakened  from  the  effect  of  the  worms,  in  addition 
to  our  remedy  No.  140,  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  141  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  140,  75  cents. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  141,  75  cents. 


SHEEP   AND    LAMB 
DEPARTMENT. 

...THEIR... 

DISEASES,  SYMPTOMS  and  TREATMENT. 


No  country  is  better  situated  for  sheep  raising  than 
most  of  the  Northern  and  some  of  the  Southern  portions  of 
the  United  States.  Sufficient  attention  is  by  no  means  paid 
in  many  portions  of  this  country  to  the  profit,  which  could 
be  made  to  result  from  the  cultivation  of  the  sheep.  Ten 
times  the  present  number  might  easily  be  raised,  and  they 
would  give  in  meat,  wool,  and  progeny,  a  large  direct  profit, 
while  the  food  which  they  consume  would  do  more  towards 
fertilizing  the  farm,  than  an  equal  amount  consumed  by  any 
other  animal. 


112  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

The  g^eneral  care  and  feeding  of  sheep  is  so  well  known 
to  farmers,  that  we  will  not  go  into  detail  on  that  subject. 
But,  will  devote  our  entire  space  on  the  diseases,  symptoms 
and  treatment  which  sheep  are  subject  to,  which  undoubt- 
edly will  be  much  more  beneficial  and  appreciated. 


THE  PROPER  ADMINISTRATION  OF  MEDICINE 

In  the  sheep,  the  stomach  into  which  medicine  is  to 
he  administered  is  the  fourth,  or  digesting  stomach.  The 
c  mparatively  insensible  walls  of  the  rumen,  or  paunch,  are 
b'.it  slightly  acted  upon,  except  by  doses  of  very  improper 
magnitude.  Medicme  to  reach  the  fourth  stomach,  should 
be  given  in  a  state  as  nearly  approaching  fluidity  as  possible. 
Even  then  it  may  be  given  in  such  a  manner  as  to  defeat  the 
object  in  view.  If  the  animal  forcibly  gulps  fluids  down,  or 
if  they  are  given  hastily,  they  will  follow  the  caul  at  the 
base  of  the  gullet  with  considerable  momentum,  force  as- 
sunder  the  pillars,  and  enter  the  rumen ;  if  they  are  drunk 
more  slowly,  or  administered  gently,  they  will  trickle 
down  the  troat,  glide  over  the  pillars,  and  pass  on  through 
to  the  true  stomach. 


COLD  IN  THE  HEAD,  OR  SNUFFLES. 

This  disease  is  very  common  among  sheep  in  the  fall, 
winter  and  spring,  in  fact,  a  flock  is  rarely  free  from  it. 

TREATMENT : — As  this  disease  is  not  a  serious  one, 
the  treatment  is  smiple.  Separate  the  afflicted  sheep  from 
the  balance  of  tlie  flock,  to  a  warm,  well  ventilated  place. 
If  they  are  constipated,  give  the  following  physic: 

Epsom  Salts three  ounces. 

Ginger   two  drachms. 

Water one  quart.  Mix. 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  113 

Give  at  one  dose.     Follow  this  treatment  by  adminis- 
tering- our 

REMEDY  NO.  6  AS  DIRECTED. 
The  above  treatment  and  remedy  never  fails  to  effect 
a  cure. 


COLIC— "STRETCHES" 

Sheep  are  occasionally  observed,  particularly  in  the 
winter,  lying  down  and  rising  every  moment  or  two,  and 
constantly  stretching  their  fore  and  hind  legs  so  far  apart, 
that  their  bellies  almost  touch  the  ground.  They  appear  to 
be  in  great  pain,  refuse  all  food,  and  frequently  die,  unless 
relieved.  This  disease  is  popularly  known  as  the  "stretches." 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  i6  AS  DIRECTED, 
as    soon    as    you    detect    any    symptoms    of    colic.       You 
should  never  be  without  this  remedy,  as  colic  is  liable  to 
attack  your  sheep  at  any  moment. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  i6,  75  cents. 


CHARBON— BRAXY. 

(Spleenic  Apoplexy.) 

CAUSES : — The  causes  of  this  disease  are  the  same  as 
in  spleenic  apoplexy  in  cattle — over-feeding  on  very  rich 
food  with  insufficient  exercise.  Exposure  to  changeable 
weather,  or  severe  storms ;  plunging  in  water  when  over- 
1  eated  ;  constipation.  It  is  frequently  brought  on  from  eat- 
ing frost-bitten  herbage,  consequently,  it  makes  its  appear- 
ance most  frequently  in  the  late  autumn  and  early  spring. 

SYMPTOMS: — Uneasiness  is  manifested;  loathing  of 
food ;  swollen  belly  ;  pains  in  the  bowels,  the  animal  lying 


114  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

down  and  rising  up  frequently.  Later  it  will  stand  with  its 
head  down,  and  the  back  drawn  up.  The  eyes  are  blood- 
shot, and  red  or  purple  spots  appear  upon  the  skin.  After 
a  bloody  fluid  appears  around  the  nose,  eyes,  mouth  and 
anus,  convulsions  soon  claim  the  patient  and  death  is  the 
result. 

TREATMENT:— Remedies  to  be  successful  must  be 
promptly  given.  A  large  percentage  of  the  cases  are  lost, 
through  the  dilatory  efforts  of  the  owner  to  save  them.  As 
soon  as  you  are  aware  of  this  disease,  give  the  following- 
physic  : 

Epsom  Salts two  ounces. 

Water one  pint.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  This  should  immediately  be  followed 
with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  142  AS  DIRECTED. 

Feed  light  diet  and  allow  plenty  of  good  fresh  water. 
When  one  sheep  is  attacked  by  this  disease,  other  attacks 
must  be  expected  in  the  flock,  in  the  course  of  a  few  days, 
as  they  have  all  been  exposed  to  the  causes  that  produce  it. 
Therefore  the  entire  herd  should  have  change  of  diet  and 
pasture,  and  give  each  sheep  one  dose  of  our  remedy  No. 
142,  and  the  trouble  will  be  averted. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  142,  50  cents,  . 


CONGESTION  OF  THE  LIVER. 

Congestion  of  the  liver  manifests  itself  most  frequently 
during  the  winter  months,  when  sheep  are  kept  housed,  and 
denied  exercise,  and  fed  on  over-nutritious  food. 

SYMPTOMS  : — Yellowness  of  eyes  and  membranes 
lining  the  mouth  and  nose ;  constipation  and  dullness. 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  115 

TREATMENT: — As  soon  as  the  symptoms  are  ob- 
served, no  time  should  be  lost  in  giving  a  physic,  prepared 
as  follows : 

.  Epsom  Salts   two  ounces. 

Calomel   three  grains. 

Warm  Water one  pint.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  This  should  be  followed  by  adminis- 
tering every  morning,  one  dose  of  our 

REMEDY  NO.  143  AS  DIRECTED. 
Continue  giving  our  remedy  No.  143,  until  the  yellowish 
condition  has  disappeared.  Allow  plenty  of  water  to  drink 
that  has  been  slightly  warmed. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  143,  50  cents. 


CONSTIPATION  OR  COSTIVENESS. 

This  is  easily  overcome  by  giving 

Epsom  Salts three  ounces. 

Ginger one  drachm. 

Mix  in  one  pint  of  water  and  give  at  one  dose.  In  young 
lambs,  a  spoonful  of  Castor  Oil  is  generally  sufficient  to 
move  the  bowels.  If  the  lamb  does  not  do  well  and  appears 
stupid  and  dull,  give  a  few  spoonsful  of  hot  whisky  three 
times  a  day. 


DIARRHOEA  OR  SCOURS  IN  LAMBS. 

Common  diarrhoea  or  scours,  manifests  itself  by  cop- 
iousness of  fluidity  of  the  evacuations.  It  is  generally  caused 
by  improper  food,  as  bad  hay  or  noxious  weeds ;  sudden 
changes  from  dry  food  to  fresh  grass.  Over-loading  the 
stomach.    It  is  often  produced  by  cold  and  wet. 


116  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

SYMPTOMS : — The  lamb  appears  sad  and  does  not  care 
to  play.  Lies  down  a  portion  of  the  time,  arches  its  back 
while  standing.  The  dung  that  is  passed  will  be  thin  and 
whitish  in  appearance,  later  mixed  with  mucus,  and  at  last 
bloody.  The  lamb  ceases  to  eat  or  nurse,  and  will  bleat. 
Looses  flesh,  and  if  relief  is  not  given  it  will  die  in  a  few 
days,  * 

TREATMENT:— An  immediate  change  of  food  is 
necessary.  Place  in  a  well  ventilated  stable ;  take  the  white 
of  an  egg,  mix  it  in  half  cup  of  milk  warm  water,  beat 
well  together  and  give  every  six  hours  until  three  doses 
have  been  given.     After  the  third  dose  our 

REMEDY  NO.  8,  AS  DIRECTED, 

should  always  be  given. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  8,  50  cents. 


DISTEMPER-INFLUENZA-  EPIZOOTIC. 

Epizootic  generally  makes  its  appearance,  in  winters, 
which  are  characterized  by  sudden  changes  in  temperature, 
and  is  often  spoken  of  by  farmers  as  a  bad  winter  for  sheep. 
This  disease  is  dreaded ;  for  when  once  fairly  rooted  in  a 
flock,  it  is  liable  to  destroy  more  sheep  than  all  other  diseases 
combined. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  sheep  appears  dull  and  drooping; 
the  eyes  run  profusely  and  become  red,  with  a  decided  dis- 
charge O'i  thick,  glutinous  mucus,  adhering  in  and  about  the 
nostrils.  Their  movements  are  languid,  and  they  are  not  dis- 
posed to  eat.  In  a  few  days  emaciation  takes  place,  causing 
great  weakness.  The  bowels  usually  become  constipated, 
and  often  bloating  i?  present. 

TREATMENT  : — If  the  sheep  are  on  low  ground,  re- 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  117 

move  at  once  to  high  ground  and  shelter  them  nights.    Mix 
a  portion  of  our 

REMEDY  NO.  148  AS  DIRECTED, 
in  the  drinking  water  three  times  a  day,  for  two  or  three 
days.  If  the  sheep  are  constipated,  give  at  one  dose 

Epsom  Salts one  ounce. 

Water half  pint.  Mix. 

After  the  bowels  have  moved,  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  9  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  of  remedies  Nos.  148  and  9  complete,  $1.50. 


FOOT  LAMENESS-GRAVEL—    . 
FOUL  IN  THE  FOOT. 

Sheep  are  subject  to  this  disease  if  kept  in  wet,  filthy 
yards,  or  in  moist,  poachy  or  marsh  ground.  It  consists  in 
an  irritation  in  the  cleft  of  the  foot.  It  occasions,  however, 
no  serious  results,  and  disappears  without  treatment  by  re- 
moving the  sheep,  before  it  becomes  aggravated,  to  high 
and  drv  ground.  If  they  do  not  improve  in  a  few  days,  use 
the  following  solution : 

Blue  Vitriol   one  ounce. 

Tar eight  ounces. 

Mix  well  together,  and  apply  all  around  the  sores.  Do 
not  confound  this  disease  with  foot  rot,  as  foot  rot  is  serious 
and  contagious. 


FOOT  ROT— HOOF  ROT. 

Foot  rot  is  a  contagious  disease.  Although  sometimes 
it  is  produced,  by  the  sheep  being  pastured  on  low,  wet 
grounds. 


118  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

SYMPTOMS.— The  fore  feet  are  generally  first  at- 
tacked, and  most  usually  but  one  of  them.  The  animal  at 
first  manifests  but  little  constitutional  disturbance,  and  eats 
as  usual.  By  the  lime  that  any  considerable  disorganization 
of  the  structures  have  taken  place  in  the  first  foot,  and 
sometimes  sooner,  the  other  forefoot  is  attacked.  That  be- 
coming as  lame  as  the  first,  the  miserable  animal  seeks  its 
food  on  its  knees ;  and  if  forced  to  rise,  its  strange,  hobbling 
gait  betrays  the  intense  agony  occasioned  by  bringing  its 
^(■nt  in  contact  with  the  ground.  The  farmer  is  so  familiar 
with  this  disease,  that  it  will  be  unnecessary  to  dwell  far- 
ther on  the  sym.ptoms. 

TREATMENT  .-—Prompt  action  should  be  taken.  As 
the  disease  advances  the  entire  system  becomes  affected,  con- 
sequently, the  recovery  is  of  longer  duration.  Remove  Ihe 
diseased  parts  with  a  knife,  as  this  will  assist  greatly  the 
effectiveness  of  the  remedies  to  be  applied.  The  sheep 
should  be  yarded  for  the  operation  immediately  after  a  rain 
if  practicable,  as  the  hoofs  can  then  be  readily  cut.  In  a 
dr>'  time,  and  after  a  night  which  left  no  dew  on  the  grass, 
their  hoofs  are  almost  as  tough  as  horn.  After  the  operation 
of  triming  the  hoofs  is  completed,  apply  our 

REMEDIES  NOS.  lo  AND  ii  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  lo  and  ii  complete,  $i.oo. 


GARGET— INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  UDDER. 

This  is  sometimes  known  as  caked  bag.  It  may  be 
caused  by  ewes  lying  on  damp,  cold  ground,  but  is  usually 
caused  by  too  great  an  accumulation  of  milk  in  the  udder 
jirior  to  lambing.  It  also  appears  in  ewes  that  have  lost 
tneir  young,  a"nd  have  either  refused  or  been  unsuccessful  in 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  119 

adopting  an  orphan  lamb.    Occasionally  it  appears  at  wean- 
ing- time,  when  the  ewe  is  giving  a  strong  flow  of  milk. 
TREATMENT:— Give  as  a  mild  physic: 

Epsom  Salts two  ounces. 

Water  half  pint. 

Ginger one  drachm.  Mix. 

Give  as  a  drench  at  one  dose.     Follow  this  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  147  AS  DIRECTED. 
Bathe  the  bag  for  half  an  hour  with  hot  water,  then  ap- 
ply a  mixture  of  Camphor  and  Lard  twice  daily.     If  mag- 
gots have  made  their  appearance,  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  145  AS  DIRECTED.  (See  Maggots.) 
Price  of  remedy  No.  147,  50  cents. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  145,  50  cents. 


LUNG  FEVER  (PNEUMONIA.) 

An  inflammation  of  the  lungs.  Generally  caused  in 
sheep  from  being  exposed  to  sudden  cold,  particularly  after 
they  have  b^en  shorn.  Also  from  being  exposed  to  cold 
rains  in  the  fall  or  spring.  This  disease  is  very  serious,  and 
often  gains  a  firm  foot-hold  before  you  are  aware  of  its  ex- 
istence. Therefore  immediate  steps  must  be  taken  to  coun- 
teract this  delay. 

SYMPTOMS . — The  animal  becomes  dull,  neglects  to 
eat.  frequently  drmking  large  quantities  of  water.  Tlie 
breathing  is  rapid  and  difficult ;  the  eye  becomes  clouded, 
and  the  nose  discharges  matter  of  a  very  disagreeable  odor; 
frequent  grinding  of  the  teeth  is  noticed,  which  can  be 
heard  at  quite  a  distance. 

TREATMENT:— Give  three  ounces  of  Epsom  Salts 
in  a  quart  of  water.     If  this  does  not  move  the  bowels  in 


120      '  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

iGiir  hours  repeat  the  dose.     As  soon  as  the  bowels  operate 
freely,  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  7  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  7,  50  cents. 


LUNG  WORMS  IN  LAMBS— HOOSE— 
PALE  DISEASE—HUSK. 

SYMPTOMS : — When  these  worms  are  in  the  wind- 
pipe they  cause  irritation  and  coughing.  Grown  sheep  are 
rot  often  seriously  affected ;  but  death  among  lambs  is  very 
frequent.  Large  quantities  of  these  worms  accumulate  in 
young  lambs  to  such  an  extent,  that  it  prevents  the  proper 
amount  of  air  passing  to  the  lungs,  thereby  affecting  the 
entire  system,  producing  a  pale  bloodless  condition.  Loss 
of  appetite,  loss  of  flesh,  and  if  not  relieved  quickly  ends  \u 
death. 

TREATMENT  : — These  worms  must  be  attacked  from 
t'vo  sources.     Internally  and  externally.     Our  combination 

REMEDIES  NOS.  14  AND  149  AS  DIRECTED, 
for  internal  and  external  use,  should  be  aclministered  and 
applied,  as  soon  as  the  worms  are  detected. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  14  and  149  Complete,  $1.00. 


MAGGOTS. 


Maggots  are  the  product  of  the  blow  fly,  or  bluebottle 
fiy,  or  the  common  fly.  These  flies  deposit  their  eggs,  on 
wounds  or  injuries,  which  develop  into  maggots  very  rap- 
idly. Rams  with  horns  growing  very  closely  to  their  heads, 
are  very  liable  to  have  maggots  generate  under  them,  par- 
ticularly,  if  the  skm  on  the  surrounding    parts     becomes 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  121 

broken ;  and  these,  unless  removed,  soon  destroy  the  animal. 
Sometimes  at  weaning  time,  sheep  will  suffer  from  caked 
bags,  which  break,  and  is  soon  attacked  by  flies ;  the  result 
is  maggots.  The  tag-locks  which  accumulate  around  the 
tail  of  sheep  should  be  kept  well  trimmed,  as  this  is  a  favor- 
ite place  for  the  flies  to  deposit  their  eggs.  Any  cut  or  sore 
should,  in  the  summer  time,  receive  proper  and  prompt  at- 
tention until  thoroughly  healed,  thereby  preventing  mag- 
gots. Sheep  that  are  affected  with  these  pests,  will  stroll  off 
by  themselves  and  lie  down  and  remain  separate  from  the 
flock. 

TREATMENT : — As  soon  as  the  maggots  are  discov- 
ered, apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  145  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  remedy  will  not  only  kill  the  maggots,  but  pre- 
vents the  flies  from  depositing  more  eggs.  As  this  remedy 
will  assist  in  healing,  it  should  be  applied  to  any  wound  or 
sore,  as  soon  as  discovered,  thereby  preventing  flies  from 
depositing  their  eggs. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  145,  50  cents. 


MILK  FEVER— PARTURIENT  FEVER. 

SYMPTOMS : — Loss  of  appetite ;  jerking  of  the  hind 
legs  and  twitching  of  the  ears  ;  become  dull  and  stupid,  stag- 
ger from  weakness  while  walking,  appear  drowsy,  dark  col- 
ored discharge  from  the  vagina  or  hinder  parts ;  at  this 
period  if  the  lamb  is  cast,  it  is  usually  dead.  But  if  the 
lamb  is  not  cast,  the  ewe  becomes  feverish  and  moans  with 
great  pain,  and  the  discharge  becomes  more  and  more  of- 
fensive. When  the  ewe  is  relieved  of  the  lamb,  the  lamb  is 
in  a  decayed  condition. 


123  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

TREATMENT : — The  ewe  should  be  removed  from 
the  balance  of  the  fiock  at  once,  given  a  good  bed  free  from 
draught,  but  well  ventilated.    Give 

Epsom  Salts two  ounces. 

Saltpetre one  drachm. 

Wiarm  Water one  pint. 

Mix  well  together  and  give  at  one  dose.  This  acts  as  a 
physic,  which  is  absolutely  necessary  to  save  the  ewe.  Feed 
L'o'iimg  but  warm  gruel  and  mashes,  and  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  15  AS  DIRECTED. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  15,  $1.00. 


ROT— FLUKES  IN  THE  LIVER— LIVER  ROT. 

This  disease  sometimes  causes  the  death  of  every  sheep 
in  the  flock.  It  is  caused  by  allowing  the  sheep  to  pasture  on 
land  that  has  been  over-flowed  with  water.  Even  feeding 
on  a  crop  of  green  oats,  early  in  the  fall  before  frost  comes, 
has  been  known  to  rot  young  sheep.  Rot  is  produced  by  a 
flat  worm,  of  whitish  color,  varying  in  size  from  one-half  of 
an  inch  to  one  inch  in  length,  which  develops  in  the  internal 
organs,  especially  the  liver.  This  disease  is  rarely  seen 
where  sheep  are  grazed  on  upland  pasture. 

SYMPTOMS : — The  first  symptoms  are  only  marked  by 
the  inclination  to  take  on  flesh ;  but  this  rapid  gain  is  of 
short  duration,  and  a  paleness  in  the  membranes  makes  its 
appearance,  to  which  may  be  added  a  yellowness  of  the  car- 
uncle at  the  corner  of  the  eye.  This  is  a  symptom  that 
never  fails  where  sheep  are  afifected  with  flukes.  Upon  part- 
ing the  fleece,  the  skin  is  found  to  have  changed  its  ver- 
milion tint  for  a  pale  red,  and  the  wool  is  easily  separated 
from  the  felt.     As  this  disease  advances,  the  skin  become 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  123 

dappled  with  yellow  or  black  spots.  Increased  dullness,  loss 
of  condition,  appetite  irregular,  but  the  desire  for  water  in- 
creases. Dropsical  swellings  now  appear,  and  fluid  forms 
under  the  skin.  The  skin  becoming  loose,  and  flabby  with 
wool  coming  off  easily.  Usually  a  large  watery  tumor  is 
noticed  under  the  lower  jaw.  When  diarrhoea  sets  in, 
death  may  be  looked  for  at  any  time.  The  duration  of  this 
disease  is  uncertain ;  the  animal  occasionally  dies  shortly 
after  becoming  affected,  but  more  frequently  it  extends  to 
from  three  to  six  months. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  146  AS  DIRECTED. 

.This  remedy  has  been  tested  and  the  results  have  been 
remarkably  successful.  When  sheep  are  known  to  have  be- 
come affected  with  flukes  from  grazing  on  certain  pastures, 
it  is  advisable  to  plow  and  cultivate  such  meadows  for  two 
or  three  years ;  thereby  destroying  the  parasites.  Sheep  af- 
fected with  flukes  should  always  be  given  plenty  salt. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  146,  75  cents. 


SCAB— MANGE. 

This  is  a  skin  disease,  analogous  to  the  mange  in  horses 
and  the  itch  in  man,  and  is  caused  and  propagated  by  a  min- 
ute insect,  the  acarus.  The  female  acari  quickly  travel  to 
the  roots  of  the  wool  and  bury  themselves  in  the  skin.  On 
the  tenth  or  twelfth  day,  a  little  swelling  may  be  detected 
which  has  a  greenish  blue  tint.  The  pustules  are  now  rap- 
idly formed,  and  about  the  sixteenth  day  they  break,  when 
the  mothers  appear  again,  with  their  little  ones  attached  to 
their  feet.  These  little  ones  immediately  set  to  work,  pene- 
trate the  skin,  find  proper  nourishment,  and  grow  and  propa- 


124  Diseases  of  Sheep. 

gate,  until  the  poor  sheep  has  myriads  of  them  preying 
upon  it.  It  is  not  wonderful,  under  such  circumstances,  the 
poor  creature  should  speedily  sink.  It  has  been  asserted, 
that  the  female  acari  brings  forth  a  million  and  a  half  of 
her  progeny  every  three  months.  Scab  is  a  contagious  dis- 
ease and  spreads  rapidly,  which  accounts  for  the  necessity 
of  prompt  and  energetic  treatment. 

SYMPTOMS:— Sheep  affected  with  scab  are  ex- 
ceedingly restless,  rubbing  themselves  with  violence  against 
trees,  stumps,  stones,  fences,  or  any  object  they  can  get  at; 
scratch  themselves  with  their  feet,  tear  out  the  wool  with 
their  teeth,  and  bite  at  the  sores.  As  the  pustules  becoine 
broken  the  pus  escapes,  and  a  scab  is  formed.  If  the  animal 
is  left  unattended,  it  will  rub  the  scabs  off ;  causing  therh  to 
bleed,  and  large  sores  or  scabs  are  formed,  from  which  tho 
wool  drops  off,  leaving  the  poor  sheep  an  unsightly  object 
And  unless  relieved  the  sheep  rapidly  falls  off  in  flesh,  and 
pines  away.  The  fleece  is  lost,  the  animal  dies  from  ex- 
haustion and  torment. 

TREATMENT :— The  best  method  to  accomplish  a 
cure  in  this  disease,  is  dipping  the  animal  in  the  following 
solution : 

Tobacco  Leaves  or  Stems five  pounds. 

Flour  of  Sulphur half  pound. 

Water twenty  gallons. 

Place  the  tobacco  into  the  water  and  heat  to  boiling 
point  (but  do  not  boil)  until  the  strength  is  extracted  from 
the  tobacco.  Remove  the  tobacco  from  the  liquid,  add  the 
flour  of  sulphur  and  stir  thoroughly.  Allow  the  mixture  to 
cool,  and  it  is  ready  to  commence  to  dip  the  sheep.  If  there 
are  any  hard  scabs  remove  them,  then  dip  the  sheep  and  hold 
it  under  the  water  until  it  is  well  soaked ;  allowing  only  the 


Diseases  of  Sheep.  125 

eyes,  nose,  and  month  above  the  liquid.  When  removing  it, 
place  it  on  a  rack  so  as  the  drippings  will  return  to  the  tank. 
Stir  the  liquid  frequently  to  keep  the  sulphur  floating,  and 
occasionally  add  a  little  liquor  to  keep  the  temperature  of 
the  solution  about  120  degrees.  Do  not  allow  the  animals 
upon  the  pasture,  until  they  are  dry  enough  that  none  of 
the  liquid  will  drop  from  the  body.  This  usually  will  effect 
a  cure,  and  will  be  the  least  expensive  remedy  the  farmer 
can  use.  However,  in  aggravated  cases,  if  the  above  treat- 
ment is  not  etfective  enough,  it  will  be  necessary  to  use  our 
REMEDY  NO.  144  AS  DIRECTED. 
Remedy  No.  144  will  effect  a  cure  in  the  most  aggra- 
vated cases.  One  package  of  this  remedy  contains  sufficient 
quantity  for  fifty  sheep. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  144,  $2.00. 


WORMS. 

SYMPTOMS: — A  ravenous  appetite,  and  at  times  re^ 
fusing  the  food  altogether.  Constipation  then  diarrhoea.  The 
sheep  are  prone  to  eat  dirt,  old  mortar  or  sand.  An  irrita- 
tion appears  around  the  hinder  parts,  indicated  by  the  animal 
rubbing  its  rump  against  objects.  The  worms  sometimes 
can  be  noticed  in  the  dung.  Another  symptom  is  a  short  dry 
cough.  The  flock  of  sheep  that  does  not  thrive,  without  ap- 
parent cause,  you  can  safely  attribute  it  to  the  presence  of 

worms. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  12  AS  DIRECTED. 
It  will  save  you  dollars  in  feed,  that     is  unnecessarily 
consumed  by  your  sheep,  if  they  are  troubled  with  worms. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  12,  50  cents. 


DISEASES  OF  THE  HOG. 

....THEIR.... 

CAUSES,  SYMPTOMS  AND  TREATMENT. 


AGUE  CAKE  (SPLEENITIS.) 

This  disease  prevails  among  hogs  that  are  pastured  in 
swampy  or  m.alarial  locaHties,  and  is  very  similar  to  that 
which  affects  mankind. 

SYMPTOMS :— The  hog  looses  flesh;  eats  well,  but 
food  does  not  go  to  flesh.  The  hog  becomes  dull  and  invari- 
ably lies  on  one  side.  It  leans  to  one  side  while  walking, 
showing  a  tendency  to  pain. 

TREATMENT : — A  change  of  climate  or  location  is 
necessary.    Give  a  physic  composed  of 


Diseases  of  the  Hog.  127 

Jalap   ten  grains. 

Calomel ten  grains.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.    Follow  this  by  giving  our 
REMEDY  NO.  21  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price  50  cents. 


CHOLERA,  HOG. 

The  loss  to  farmers  from  this  disease  is  enormous ;  hav- 
ing been  estimated  at  fifty-million  in  a  single  year.  It  has 
committed  fearful  ravages  among  the  swine  of,  particularly, 
Ohio,  Indiana,  and  Kentucky.     Indeed,  many  farmers  who, 
until  recently  have  been  accustomed  to  raise  large  numbers 
of  these  animals,  are  in  a  great  measure,  disinclined  to  in- 
vest again  in  such  stock,  on  account  of  the  severe  loss.    We 
are  now  prepared  to  furnish  a  remedy,  that  is  admitted  by 
the  proffession  to  be  a  sure  preventive  for  cholera,  as  well 
as,  a  cure  in  the  first  stages  of  the  disease.       It  is  a  known 
fact,  that  hogs  in  the  advanced  stages  of  cholera  are  in- 
curable.    Therefore  a  preventive  is  of  the  utmost  necessity, 
as  it  will  save  time,  trouble,  and  many  hundred  dollars  for 
the  farmer.    The  disease  cholera  is  believed  to  be  brought 
onto  the  family  of  swine,  through  the  domestication     and 
the  manner  in  which  they  are  cared  for  and  fed.    This  dis- 
ease occurs  most  frequently  among  hogs  that  are  fed  on 
sour  grain,  sour  swill,  distilery  slop,  or  from  that  which  has 
been  eaten  and  passed  from  other  animals,  or  by  eating  food 
that  has  been  trampled  in  the  dung.     Or  in  fact,  any  food 
that  has  become  sour  will  produce  cholera  in  the  hog.    The 
first  ill  effect  that  will  be  noticed  from  feeding  sour  food,  is 
constipation  followed  by  diarrhoea.       Soon  the  blood  be- 
comes affected,  and  the  result  is  cholera.     Hogs  fed  upon 


128  Diseases  of  the  Hog, 

sweet  food  will  also  contract  cholera.  But  hogs  that  are 
fed  on  sound  well  steamed  corn,  are  less  susceptible  to  this 
disease.  Cholera  makes  its  appearance  in  two  distinct  forms  : 
Charbon  or  Anthrax,  and  Contagious  Pneumo-Enteritis. 
We  will  now  proceed  to  describe  cholera  under  its  different 
forms. 

CHARBON— ANTHRAX. 

This  disease  affects  cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs,  and  is  pro- 
duced from  the  same  causes. 

CAUSES : — Fattening  hogs  too  rapidly,  that  have  been 
very  thin,  or  by  fattening  upon  sour  food,  and  being  housed 
in  unclean  places.  This  variety  of  cholera  is  really  blood- 
poison,  produced  by  a  bacili  or  germ.  It  is  contagious ;  the 
contagion  being  given  off  by  the  flesh,  dung,  and  blood. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  symptoms  of  this  form  of  chol- 
era develops  very  rapidly.  The  period  of  development  is 
from  a  few  hours  to  three  days.  Loss  of  appetite,  great 
prostration ;  bluish  spots  on  various  parts  of  the  body  ap- 
pear ;  breathing  painful  and  quickened ;  the  ears  and  nose 
have  a  bluish  appearance.  Squealing,  or  a  pleading  cry  is 
often  heard.  An  involuntary  evacuation  of  the  bowels  al- 
ways takes  place,  just  as  the  hog  breathes  its  last. 

TREATMENT; — For  treatment  and  remedy,  see  fol- 
lowing form  of  cholera. 

CONTAGIOUS  PNEUMO-ENTERITIS. 

This  form  of  cholera  consists  in  an  inflammation  of  the 
limgs  and  bowels,  and  is  extremely  contagious. 

CAUSES : — This  form  of  cholera  is  produced  by  the 
same  causes  as  charbon.  It  is  also  caused  by  compelling  the 
hogs  to  drink  impure  water,  and  to  live  in  bad  smelling  pens. 
Or  from  eating  decaying  vegetables,  or  animal  matter.  Also 


Diseases  or  the  Hog.  129 

from  living  in  swampy,  malarial  places.  Or  it  may  result 
from  over-feeding-  on  heating,  nutritious,  and  highly  rich 
food,  forcing  the  animal  to  take  on  flesh  to  rapidly.  This 
form  of  cholera  is  produced  by  a  germ  that  is  invisible  to  the 
naked  eye,  and  travels,  or  can  be  carried  through  the  air 
for  a  considerable  distance,  locating  itself  with  any  hog  it 
comes  in  contact  with.  Owing  to  the  extreme  contagious 
character  of  this  malady,  as  soon  as  it  develops  in  a  herd, 
every  hog,  regardless  of  age,  size,  or  condition  falls  a  prey 
to  it.  Contagious  pneumo-enteritis  appears  in  two  forms : 
The  Erysipelatous  Form,  and  the  Malignant  Sore  Throat 
Form.  Therefore  we  will  take  them  up  separately,  in  order 
not  to  confuse  the  reader. 

ERYSIPELATOUS  FORM  OF  CONTAGIOUS 
PNEUMO-ENTERITIS  CHOLERA— is  the  most  com- 
mon. 

SYMPTOMS : — Loss  of  appetite,  animal  appears  dull. 
When  standing,  keeps  the  head  low,  and  is  not  inclined  to 
move  unless  compelled  to  do  so.  Sometimes  the  hog  will 
make  an  effort  to  vomit.  When  it  lies  down  it  is  almost 
impossible  to  persuade  it  to  change  its  position.  Urine  is 
passed  with  difficulty,  and  is  high  colored.  The  excrement 
or  dung  is  dark  colored  and  hard,  indicating  constipation. 
Usually  in  a  few  hours,  but  sometimes  not  until  the  day  fol- 
lowing, the  peculiar  symptoms  of  this  form  of  cholera  de- 
velops in  the  shape  of,  dark  red  purple  blotches,  gradually 
changing  into  a  bluish  black  color,  and  are  seldom  forgotten 
after  once  being  seen.  These  spots  are  usually  observed 
when  they  appear  on  the  white  hogs;  but  in  dark  hogs  it' 
will  be  necessary  to  search  for  them.  They  are  usually  lo- 
cated on  the  neck,  throat,  ears,  breast,  and  inside  the  fors^- 
legs.     The  nostrils  discharge  a  dark  purple  fluid,  and  the 


130  Diseases  of  the  Hog. 

breathing  becomes  more  labored  and  difficult.  The  hind 
quarters  become  paralyzed,  which  is  readily  detected  when 
the  animal  is  forced  to  move.  At  this  stage,  diarrhoea,  with 
a  bad  smelling  odor,  sets  in,  and  the  hog  dies  from  one  to 
three  days. 

MALIGNANT  SORE  THROAT  FORM  OF  CON- 
TAGIOUS PNEUMO-ENTERITIS— Occurs  when  the 
poison  attacks  the  tissues  beneath  the  lining  membranes  of 
the  throat,  instead  of  the  tissues  beneath  the  skin. 

SYMPTOMS: — At  the  onset  the  general  symptoms 
are  the  same  as  in  the  Erysipelatous  form.  As  this  variety 
of  cholera  attacks  the  throat,  there  is  a  greater  difficulty  in 
breathing  and  swallowing,  than  in  the  other  forms.  From 
the  very  first  appearance  of  this  form  of  cholera,  there  are 
repeated  attempts  at  vomiting,  and  the  eflforts  made  in  at- 
tempting to  swallow  and  breathe  becomes  so  decided,  that 
one  is  inclined  to  believe  the  animal  is  choking.  In  fact,  the 
suffering  of  the  hog  becomes  so  great,  that  sometimes  it 
sits  upon  its  haunches  and  gasps  for  breath,  while  the  tongue 
which  is  swollen  and  livid,  protrudes  from  the  mouth.  Oft- 
entimes the  animal  chokes  to  death  in  such  a  short  space 
of  time,  that  other  symptoms  will  be  unobserved. 

TREATMENT : — As  long  as  the  animal  can  be  per- 
suaded to  partake  of  food,  it  can  be  cured.  But  when  the  ap- 
petite is  completely  lost,  there  is  but  little  hope  for  recovery. 
The  first  and  most  important  act,  is  to  separate  the  sick  from 
the  well  hogs,  and  place  them  far  enough  apart  to  obviate 
the  danger  of  contagion.  Place  them  upon  fresh  green  pas- 
ture where  they  can  obtain  an  abundance  of  fresh,  pure 
v/ater,  and  immediately  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  17  AS  DIRECTED, 
For  cholera  in  any  form.     Feed  the  hogs  clean,  sweet  food 


Diseases  of  the  Hog.  131 

that  has  been  well  cooked;  it  is  necessary  to  bear  in  mind, 
that  whoever  attends  the  sick  hogs,  must  never  under  any 
circumstances  come  in  contact  with  the  well  ones,  as  there 
is  great  danger  of  conveying  the  bacili  of  this  disease  to 
the  well  hogs.     The  afflicted  animals  should  be  given  our 
remedy  No.   17  as  directed  to  effect  a  cure.  And  the  well 
hogs  should  be  given  the  same  remedy,  to  prevent  the  dis- 
ease from  developing.     As  this  remedy  will  obviate  further 
development,  and  cause  a  destruction  of  any  germs  that  may 
be  lurking  in  the  system  of  the  hog.    Our  remedy  No.  17  is 
a  scientific  preparation,  which  will  positively  prevent  cholera, 
and  if  given  in  the  first  stages  will  cure  it.    Scatter  an  abund- 
ance of  lime  on  all  dead  animals,  and  on  the  places  they  have 
occupied,  and  bury  the  dead  hogs  deep.     Do  not  allow  any 
other  hogs  near  that  locality  the  same  season.     Our  remedy 
No.   17  is  put  up  in  two  sizes:  Size  A  contains     sufficieni 
quantity  for  fifty  hogs.     Size  B  contains  sufficient  quantity 
for  one-hundred  hogs. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  17,  size  A,  $3.00. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  17,  size  B,  $5.00. 


COUGH,  OR  COLD. 

In  some  localities  a  common  cold,  is  called,  "rising  of 
the  lights."  It  is  caused  from  exposure  and  sudden  changes 

of  temperature. 

SYMPTOMS:— Appetite  partially,  and  sometimes 
wholly  suspended.  Cough,  which  frequently  is  quick  and 
severe,  accompanied  by  fever,  panting,  or  heaving  at  the 

flanks. 

TREATMENT:— Place  the  animal  in  clean  quarters, 

free  from  exposure ;  rub  the  throat  and  chest  with  mustard, 

to  which  has  been  added  enough     water  to  form  a  thick 


132  Diseases  of  the  Hog. 

cream.  Feed  the  animal  three  times  a  day  upon  warm,  eas- 
ily digested  food,  into  which  has  been  mixed  thirty  grains  of 
Copperas.    Follow  this  by  administering  our 

REMEDY  NO.  150  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


EPIZOOTIC  CATARRH. 

This  ailment  is  an  inflammation  of  the  membranes  of 
the  nose,  windpipe  and  lungs.  However,  if  taken  in  time, 
is  easily  cured.  The  causes  in  most  cases  is  filthy  pens,  hav- 
ing access  to  unclean  water  for  drinking  and  bathing  pur- 
poses, exposed  to  sudden  changes  of  temperature,  or  being 
out  in  cold  rains,  sleet,  or  hail  storms.  The  pores  of  the 
skin  become  clogged,  therefore  the  natural  process  of  per- 
spiration is  retarded,  which  forces  the  lungs  to  do  an  extra 
amount  of  work. 

SYMPTOMS :— Hoarse  cough;  difficult  breathing; 
head  droops ;  movements  slow,  stiff,  and  tottering.  When 
squealing  the  sound  is  hoarse.  Feverish  most  of  the  time ; 
constipated  or  diarrhoea;  prone  to  vomit.  If  the  animal 
staggers  and  wanders  about  as  if  blind,  the  brain  is  affected. 
Ulcers  may  appear  on  different  portions  of  the  body,  indi- 
cating the  lymphatic  system  is  affected.  This  disease  gen- 
erally lasts  from  five  to  fifteen  days. 

TREATMENT:— Separate  the  affected  hogs  from  the 
well  ones,  and  remove  them  to  well  ventilated  quarters, 
guarding  against  draughts,  cold,  wet,  and  moisture.  Pure 
air  is  necessary,  also  fresh  water  to  drink.    Administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  18  AS  DIRECTED, 
which  is  sufficient  for  twenty-five  hogs.     After  giving  rem- 
edy No.  18,  if  the  hog  is  constipated,  give  the  following: 


Diseases  of  the  Hog.  1^3 

Castor  Oil one  ounce. 

Spirits  Turpentine one  drachm. 

Milk half  pint.  Mix. 

This  is  a  sufficient  dose  for  one  hog.    Each  package  of 
remedy  No.   i8  contains  sufficient  quantity  for  twenty-five 
hogs,  with  full  directions  for  administering. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  i8,  $2.00. 


MEASLES. 

Measles  is  one  of  the  most  common  diseases,  which 
hogs  are  subject  to.  The  eruptions  of  this  disease  in  the 
hog  has  a  striking  resemblance,  to  the  same  disease  on  the 
human  skin. 

CAUSES : — Tt  is  usually  caused  from  a  parasite  taken 
into  the  stomach  while  eating.  This  parasite  after  being 
taken  into  the  stomach,  soon  develops  into  worms,  which 
find  their  way  into  the  muscles  of  the  hog  throughout  the 
entire  system,  and  form  cysts  about  the  size  of  a  grain  of 
wheat.  The  flesh  of  hogs  that  have  measles,  should  never 
be  eaten  by  the  human  family,  or  fed  to  any  dumb  brute 
For  unless  the  flesh  is  thoroughly  cooked  with  sufficient  heat 
to  destroy  the  parasite,  tape-worm  is  invariably  the  result, 
and  develops  in  a  short  time,  from  ten  to  sixty  feet  in 
length  in  the  human  bowel.  Measles  in  hogs  are  hereditary, 
also  contagious. 

SYMPTOMS:— Eyes  red  and  running;  cough,  dis- 
charge from  the  nose,  depression  of  spirits,  decline,  or  total 
departure  of  the  appetite ;  weakness  of  the  hind  legs,  small 
watery  pustules  about  the  throat,  and  reddish  purple  erup- 
tions on  the  various  parts  of  the  skin.  The  last  are  more 
plainly  visible  after  death. 


134  Diseases  of  the  Hog. 

TREATMENT : — Feed  good,  nutritious  and  easily  di- 
gested food,  and  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  152  AS  DIRECTED, 
to  all  the  animals  that  are  afflicted  with  measles.     And  give 
several  doses  to  each  hog,  that  has  been  exposed  to  this  con- 
tagious disease. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  152,  75  cents. 


PILES  (Haemorrhoides.) 

This  disease  is  more  prevalent  among  hogs  than  it  is 
supposed  to  be.  It  is  generally  over-looked  by  the  farmer 
until  they  discover  blood  in  the  dung  of  the  hog. 

CAUSES  : — The  causes  of  this  disease  are  varied.  The 
principal  causes  are  indigestion  and  constipation.  This  com- 
plaint is  generally  incurable,  and  the  thrifty  farmer  does 
well,  to  at  once  relieve  the  animal,  fatten  and  dispose  of  as 
quickly  as   possible. 

TREATMENT :— Food  must  be  changed  to  light,  eas- 
ily digested  food.  Sour  milk  is  beneficial.  Anoint  the  parts 
affected  with — 

Vaseline two  ounces. 

Tanic  Acid   four  drachms. 

Mix  into  a  paste,  and  apply  morning  and  evening;  and 
use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  22  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  will  alleviate  the  hogs  suffering,  to  that  extent  that 
it  can  be  fattened  for  the  market. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  22,  50  cents. 


SCAB-ITCH— MANGE. 

This  cutaneous  or  skin  affection  owes  its  existence  to 


Diseases  of  the  Hog.  135 

the  presence  of  a  minute  insect,  called  Acarus  Scabiei,  or 
Mang-e  Fly,  which  burrows  beneath  the  skin,  and  occasions 
so  much  irritation  and  annoyance,  that  the  animal  keeps  rub- 
bing' itself  until  scabs  are  formed.  (See  Scab  in  Sheep.) 

•  SYMPTOMS  : — The  symptoms  of  this  disease  are  well 
known.  It  consists  of  scabs,  blotches,  and  sometimes  multi- 
tudes of  minute  pustules  on  different  parts  of  the  body.  If 
neglected,  these  symptoms  become  aggravated ;  the.  disease 
spreads  rapidly  over  the  entire  surface  of  the  skin,  and  if 
allowed  to  proceed  on  its  course  unchecked,  will  before  long 
produce  deep  seated  ulcers  and  malignant  sores,  until  the 
whole  carcass  of  the  afilicted  animal  becomes  a  mass  of  cor- 
ruption. This  disease  is  contagious,  and  it  matters  not  how 
well  and  properly  hogs  are  kept,  they  will  occasionally  be- 
come affected  with  scab. 

TREATMENT :— Wash  the  hog  thoroughly  with  soft 
soap  and  warm  water,  then  dry  it  off  and  immediately  apply, 
our 

REMEDY  NO.  153  AS  DIRECTED. 

Mix  with  the  food  our 

REMEDY   NO.   154  AS  DIRECTED. 

The  pens  should  be  washed  with  coal  oil,  and  afterwards 
white-washed.  Also  white-wash  all  the  objects  the  hogs 
have  been  in  the  habit  of  rubbing  against.  The  bedding 
should  be  burned. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  153  and  154  complete,  $2.50. 

Each  package  of  remedies  Nos.  153  and  154  contain  a 
sufificient  quantity  for  twenty-five  hogs. 


SCOURS— DIARRHOEA. 

This  complaint  is  seldom  met  with  in  grown  hogs,  but 
pigs  frequently  have  attacks  of  diarrhoea,  which  if  permit- 


136  Diseases  of  the  Hog. 

ted  to  continue  unchecked,  will  rapidly  prostrate  the  pig  and 
often  terminate  fatally.  In  the  majority  of  cases  the  moth- 
er's milk  is  the  cause. 

TREATMENT :— The  condition  of  the  mother's  milk 
should  be  seen  to  at  once.  If  she  has  been  feeding  on  dry 
food,  change  at  once  to  green.  If  on  green  food  change  to 
dry.      Give  the  sow  our 

RREMEDY  NO.  20  AS  DIRECTED. 

It  is  not  advisable  to  give  sucking  pigs  medicine,  as  it 
is  more  easily  given  by  administering  it  to  the  sow ;  and  the 
pigs  receive  better  results  from  the  remedies,  when  admin- 
istered through  the  milk  of  the  mother. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  20,  50  cents. 


STAGGERS— EPILEPSY. 

This  disease  is  caused  by  an  excessive  determination  of 
blood  to  the  head. 

SYISIPTOMS : — The  animal  is  restless  but  stupid ;  in- 
flamed eyes,  pulse  over-active,  bowels  are  usually  constipat- 
ed. As  the  disease  advances  the  animal  becomes  excited, 
runs  back  and  forth,  or  in  a  circle,  colliding  with  objects,  or 
may  become  unconscious. 

TREATMENT :— Cold  water  dashed  over  the  body  is 
very  beneficial.    Administer  an  injection  at  once  composed  of 

Epsom  Salts two  ounces. 

Spirits  of  Turpentine two  drachms. 

Water  (Warm)   one  pint.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  injection.  Follow  this  treatment  by  blister- 
ing the  back  of  the  neck  with  our 

REMEDY  NO.  i  AS  DIRECTED. 
Hogs  affected  with  this  disease  are  seldom  permanent- 


Diseases  of  the  Hog.  137 

ly  cured,  and  our  advice  is  to  dispose  of  the  animal  as  soon 
as  practical. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  i,  50  cents. 


STRANGLES— QUINSY— TONSILITIS. 

This  is  an  inflammation  of  the  glands  of  the  throat. 
SYMPTOMS  :— The  animal  breathes  and  swallows  with 
great  difficulty.  At  the  onset  of  the  disease,  there  will  be 
slight  swellings  under  the  neck  and  lower  jaw;  as  the  dis- 
ease advances,  these  swellings  increase  in  size,  causing  the 
tongue  to  protrude,  and  a  decided  exudation  of  saliva  from 
the  mouth. 

TREATMENT :— Shave  the  Eair  from  the  throat,  and 
bathe  the  throat  freely  with  warm  water.  Then  with  a  sharp 
knife  make  an  incision  through  the  entire  length  of  the 
swelling  and  press  out  the  matter.  Bathe  again  with  warm 
water,  and  give  internally  as  a  physic — 

Epsom  Salts   four  ounces. 

Water  half  pint.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  Follow  this  treatment  as  quickly  as 
possible  by  administering  our 

REMEDY  NO.  19  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


WORMS. 

KIDNEY  WORMS  OR  LARD  WORMS.— These 
worms  are  frequetly  found  in  any  or  all  parts  of  the  body. 
But  most  frequently  in  the  kidneys  and  the  lard  surrounding 
them.  These  worms  seldom  cause  any  serious  annoyance, 
unless  a  large  worm  called  the  Eustrongydus  Gigas,  makes 
its  nest  in  the  pelvis  of  the  kidney. 


138  Diseases  of  the  Hog. 

SYjMPTOMS:— The  animal  will  lie  down  the  most  of 
the  time,  and  on  attempting  to  rise,  will  manifest  difificulty 
in  using  its  hind  parts,  which  apparently  is  partially  or  whol- 
ly paralyzed.  If  it  is  able  to  stand  on  its  feet,  it  walks  about 
with  an  awkward  straddling  gait. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  151  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  remedy  will  reach  the  worms  quickly,  and  efifec- 
tively ;  thereby  relieving  the  animal  of  a  very  dangerous 
parasite. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  151,  50  cents. 


POULTRY. 

THEIR 
DISEASES,  SYMPTOMS  AND   REMEDIES. 


Good  fowls  are  very  profitable.  Four  acres  of  land, 
devoted  to  the  rearing-  of  the  best  varieties  of  poultry,  will 
at  ordinary  prices,  be  quite  as  productive  as  a  farm  of  one 


140  Diseases  of  Poultry. 

hundred  and  fifty  acres  cultivated  in  the  usual  way.  To 
make  poultry  profitable,  it  is  only  necessary  that  they  be  of 
good  breed,  that  suitable  places  be  provided  for  them,  that 
they  be  properly  fed,  that  they  receive  prompt  and  proper 
treatment  when  disease  appears  among  them,  and  are  care- 
fully and  inteligently  managed.  These  requirements  are 
too  rarely  complied  with,  in  every  respect,  to  enable  a  cor- 
rect opinion  to  be  formed  as  to  what  may  be  made  out  of 
poultry. 

Independent  of  all  considerations  of  profitableness,  do- 
mestic fowls  are  gifted  with  two  qualifications,  which — 
whether  in  man,  beast,  or  bird — are  sure  to  be  popular;  a 
courageous  temper  and  an  affectionate  disposition.  When 
we  add  to  these  beauty  of  appearance  and  hardiness  of  con- 
stitution, it  is  no  wonder  that  they  are  held  in  such  universal 
esteem.  The  courage  of  the  cock  is  emblematic,  his  gal- 
lantry admirable,  and  his  sense  of  discipline  and  subordin- 
ation most  exemplar)^-.  The  hen  is  deservedly  the  acknowl- 
edged pattern  of  maternal  love.  When  her  passion  of  phil- 
oprogenitiveness  is  disappointed  by  the  failure  or  subtrac- 
tion of  her  own  brood,  she  will  either  continue  incubating 
till  her  natural  powers  fail,  or  will  violently  kidnap  the 
young  of  other  fowls,  and  insist  upon  adopting  them. 

For  the  different  diseases  among  fowls  we  aim  to  give 
information  that  can  be  relied  upon.  Our  remedies  have 
been  tried  and  found  to  be  effectual,  therefore  can  be  used 
with  perfect  safety  and  will  give  the  highest  results.  If  you 
will  carefully  follow  the  directions  for  the  various  diseases 
of  fowls,  on  the  following  pages,  the  trouble  with  disease 
and  loss  will  be  a  very  small  item,  and  you  will  be  surprised 
at  the  increase  of  the  profit  or  income,  from  your  fowls. 


Diseases  of  Poultry.  141 

ASTHMA. 

This  disease  is  caused  by  an  obstruction  of  the  air- 
cells,  by  an  accumulation  of  phlegm,  which  interferes  with 
the  exercise  of  their  functions.  Or  it  may  be  induced  b) 
fright,  or  undue  excitement.  It  is  sometimes  produced  by 
chasing  fowls  to  catch  them,  by  seizing  them  suddenly,  or 
by  fighting  with  each  other. 

SYMPTOMS :— The  fowl  labors  for  breath,  in  con- 
sequence of  not  being  able  to  take  in  the  usual  quantity  of 
air  at  an  inspiration.  The  capacity  of  the  lungs  is  thereby 
dimished,  the  lining  membrane  of  the  wind-pipe  becomes 
thickened,  and  its  minute  branches  are  more  or  less  affected. 
Short  breathing;  opening  of  the  beak  often,  and  for  quite 
a  time ;  heaving  and  panting  of  the  chest,  and  in  case  of 
rupture  of  a  blood-vessel,  a  drop  of  blood  appears  upon  the 
beak. 

TREATMENT :— Confirmed  asthma  is  difficult  to 
cure.  But  in  the  early  state  it  can  easily  be  treated  with 
success.  Keep  the  fowl  warm  and  give  a  small  quantity,  or 
give  as  much  as  a  good  sized  pea  twice  daily  of  the  follow- 
ing mixture : 

Powdered  Sulphur    one  ounce. 

Fresh  Butter one  ounce. 

Cayenne  Pepper   tenth  teaspoonful.  Mix. 


BUMBLE  FOOT. 

Bum.ble  foot  is  the  result  of  a  bruise,  usually  caused 
by  flying  down  upon  some  hard  object  as  bare  stones,  floors, 
etc. 

TREATMENT :— With  a  sharp  knife  make  an  in- 
cision in  the  bottom  of  the  foot,  remove  the  tumor  and  ap- 
ply the  following  ointment: 


142  Diseases  of  PouvrRY. 

Gum  Camphor   one-half  ounce 

Spirits  Turpentine  two  ounces. 

Goose  or  Skunk  Oil  two  ounces. 

Mix  the  Turpentine  and  Camphor,  then  add  the  goose  or 
skunk  oil.  Keep  the  foot  perfectly  clean,  and  wrap  in  soft 
cloths  to  prevent  any  dust  or  foreign  substance  entering  the 
opening.  Keep  the  patient  on  a  floor  that  has  an  abund- 
ance of  soft  straw  bedding. 


CANKER. 

Canker  is  usually  caused  by  a  cold,  but  sometimes  from 
musty  and  unwholesome  food. 

SYMPTOMS: — Sores  appear  in  the  mouth,  covered 
by  a  formation  having  the  consistency  of  cheese  or  tough 
white  leather. 

TREATMENT :— The  tough,  cheesy  matter  should  be 
scraped  of¥  with  a  quill.  Then  apply  to  the  sore  Sulphate 
of  Iron  daily.  If  the  Iron  is  not  convenient,  Powdered 
Borax  in  some  cases  is  quite  as  effectual.  If  the  wind-pipe 
is  filled  there  is  but  little  chance  for  the  recovery  of  the 
fowl. 


CHICKEN  POX. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  fowl  becomes  dull,  stupid,  and 
low  spirited.    Warty  sores  appear  on  the  head. 

TREATMENT :— Bathe  the  head  and  thoroughly  soak 
the  sore  places  with  equal  parts  of  vinegar  and  warm  water. 
Then  apply  a  small  quantity  of  our 

REMEDY  NO.  156  AS  DIRECTED. 
Our  treatment  will  dry  up  the  sores  in  twelve  hours. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  156,  50  cents. 


Diseases  of  Poui^try.  143 

CHOLERA  IN  FOWLS. 

Cholera  is  a  very  contagious  disease.  When  it  makes 
its  appearance  no  time  should  be  lost  in  relieving  the  affect- 
ed fowls,  and  preventing  further  developments  of  this 
dreaded  disease  among  the  unaffected  ones.  If  you  suspect 
cholera,  before  administering  any  treatment,  thoroughly  ex- 
amine the  coops,  also  the  fowls,  to  make  sure  the  trouble 
is  not  lice  instead  of  cholera.  In  many  cases  where  cholera 
was  supposed  to  have  destroyed  a  whole  flock  of  chickens, 
it  was  afterwards  found  to  be  nothing  more  than  lice. 

CAUSES  OF  CHOLERA :— Over-crowding,  irregu- 
lar feeding  of  unwholesome  food,  miproper  ventilation  and 
sanitation,  atmospheric  changes,  and  keeping  fowls  oji  low 
wet  ground  with  poor  drainage. 

SYMPTOMS: — Fowls  appear  droopy  and  sleepy,  and 
very  thirsty;  they  sometimes  stagger  and  fall  down  from 
weakness ;  wattles  and  comb  turn  pale  and  sometimes  dark, 
breathing  becomes   labored  and   faster  and  the  fowl   soon 

dies. 

TREATMENT: — Separate  the  sick  birds  from  the 
well  birds.  Feed  good  nutritious  food,  to  which  has  been 
added  a  portion  of  our 

REMEDY  NO.   157  AS  DIRECTED. 

With  the  drinking  water  mix  our 

REMEDY  NO  158  AS  DIRECTED. 

Our  remedies  given  to  the  well  fowls  is  a  sure  preven- 
tive of  cholera,  and  will  cure  the  sick  fowls  if  the  disease  is 
not  to  far  advanced.  Remedies  Nos.  157  and  158  are  pre- 
pared in  packages,  each  package  contains  sufficient  quanti- 
ty for  250  fowls. 

Price  of  remedies  Nos.  157  and  158  complete,  $1.50. 


144  Diseases  of  Poultry. 

CROP  BOUND. 

This  is  usually  caused  by  the  fowl  eating  something 
that  it  cannot  digest,  as  feathers,  pieces  of  bone,  etc.,  which 
obstructs  the  natural  passage. 

TREATMENT :— Give  the  following: 

Lard one  teaspoonful. 

Pepper one-half  teaspoonful. 

Ginger    one  teaspoonful. 

Sulphur one  teaspoonful. 

Asafoetida one-quarter  teaspoonful. 

Mix  with  sufficient  quantity  flour  to  make  a  mass  stiff 
enough  to  roll  into  pills,  about  the  size  of  a  pea.  Give  one 
pill  morning  and  night.  At  noon  give  one  teaspoonful  of 
Castor  Oil  in  four  tablespoons ful  of  Avarm  water. 


DIARRHOEA. 

Diarrhoea  in  fowls  is  generally  caused  by  over-feating 
improper  food,  or  drinking  impure  water.  It  is  also  the 
result  of  over-crowded  quarters. 

TREATMENT :— All  fowls  that  have  diarrhoea 
should  be  placed  on  light  diet,  and  given  our  (RE- 
NOWNED POULTRY  POWDER.) 

REMEDY  NO.  159  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  remedy  will  cure  diarrhoea  in  fowls  in  its  most 
aggravated  form. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  159,  50  cents. 


FROZEN  COMBS. 

If  you  discover  the  frozen  comb  before  the  frost  is  out, 
apply  kerosene  oil.     After  a  few  hours  apply  glycerine.     If 


Diseases  of  Poultry.  145 

the  frost  is  out  before  you  discover  they  have  been  frozen 
apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  163  AS  DIRECTED, 
if  you  have  it,  as  this  will  give  the  most  satisfactory  result. 
But  if  you  have  not  got  it  the  following  will  answer,  but 
will  not  give  as  speedy  a  result : 

Vaseline one-half  ounce. 

Witchhazel   one-half  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly  and  apply. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  163,  25  cents. 


GAPES. 

Gapes  usually  attacks  chickens  under  four  months'  of 
age.  Our 

REMEDY  NO.   160  MIXED  AS  DIRECTED, 
In  the  food  of  young  chicks  will  prevent  the  disease  from 
making  its  appearance.     This  remedy  is  an  absolute  pre- 
vention of  gapes.     If  gapes  have  made  their  appearance, 
use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  161  AS  DIRECTED. 
This  will   dislodge  and  destroy  the  troublesome  gape 
worm. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  160,  25  cents. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  161,  25  cents. 


LEG  WEAKNESS. 

Leg  weakness  is  caused  by  over-feeding,  fowls  become 
too  fat,  the  body  grows  too  fast  or  becomes  to  heavy  in 
proportion  to  the  strength  of  the  legs.  When  afflicted  with 
leg  weakness  the  fowls  usually  sit  on  their  hocks.  When 
standing  their  legs  tremble. 


146  Diseases  of  Poultry. 

TREATMENT: — Give  one-half  grain  Quinine  three 
times  a  day,  alternate  this  with  a  pill  made  with  one  drop 
of  castor  oil  mixed  with  meal  or  soft  bread.  If  in  the 
course  of  three  or  four  days  the  condition  of  the  fowl  is 
not  improved,  it  will  be  impossible  to  effect  a  cure. 


LICE. 

By  being  conversant  with  the  different  kinds  of  lice 
that  infest  poultry,  it  will  be  an  easy  matter  to  destroy  them. 
There  are  four  distinct  species  of  lice  that  receive  tlieir 
nourishment  from  the  bodies  of  fowls  and  chicks :  body 
lice,  gray  lice,  shaft  lice,  and  head  lice.  Body  and  shaft  lice 
live  on  the  body  of  the  fowls  both  winter  and  summer. 
Gray  lice  and  head  lice  are  more  annoying  to  chicks  during 
their  younger  days.  We  have  one  more  variety  of  lice  that 
inhabit  the  poultry  houses,  and  is  commonly  called  mites, 
chiggers,  hen  lice  and  spider  lice,  but  the  proper  name  for 
them  is  coop  lice.  We  will  now  take  up  the  characteristics 
and    destruction  of  the  different  varieties  of  lice. 

COOP  LICE. — Coop  lice  lie  dormant  in  cold  weather, 
but  in  warm  weather  they  multiply  very  rapidly.  They 
work  at  night  when  the  fowls  are  at  roost,  at  which  time 
millions  of  them  swarm  over  the  bodies  of  the  poor  birds. 
They  do  not  leave  the  fowl  until  daybreak.  Having  filled 
themselves  with  blood  they  appear  as  a  little  red  speck.  Is 
it  any  wonder  that  chickens  prefer,  and  in  many  cases  in- 
sist, on  roosting  anywhere  in  preference  to  the  hen-house 
which  is  infested  with  lice?  Coop  lice  during  the  day  hide  or 
secrete  themselves  in  nail  holes,  crevices,  under  loose  boards, 
etc.     Sucking  blood  only  at  night. 

TREATMENT :— Kerosene  oil  will  destroy  and  kill 


Diseases  of  Poultry.  147 

these  pests  very  quickly ;  but  it  is  quite  necessary  to  force 
it  into  every  crack,  crevice,  or  any  place  the  lice  might  in- 
habit. It  is  not  safe  or  advisable  to  apply  kerosene  to  the 
nests.     For  the  nests  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  155  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 

BODY  AND  SHAFT  LICE.— This  species  of  lice  are 
very  troublesome  during  both  winter  and  summer.  They 
inhabit  the  body  of  the  fowl.  Chickens  cannot  thrive  when 
covered  with  lice,  and  if  the  vermin  are  not  exterminated, 
disease  will  soon  make  its  appearance  among  the  flock. 

TREATMENT : — Road  dust  alone  is  an  excellent  ex- 
terminator for  this  variety  of  lice.  Quantities  of  it  should 
be  thrown  into  the  poultry  houses,  on  the  roosts,  into  the 
nests,  and  over  the  fowls. 

LICE  ON  LITTLE  CHICKS.— These  are  known  as 
head  lice  and  gray  lice,  and  can  be  driven  from  the  chicks 
almost  instantly,  by  using  our 

REMEDY  NO.  155  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


MOULTING  OR  SHEDDING  FEATHERS. 

During  the  period  of  moulting  fowls  should  have  extra 
care.  Feed  plenty  of  nutritious  food  to  which  has  been 
added  our  (POULTRY  POWDER) 

REMEDY  NO.  159  AS  DIRECTED. 
Our  powder  will  hasten  the  process  of  moulting,  and 
at  the  same  time  keep  the  fowls  in  good  condition,  there- 
fore the  hens  will  commence  laying  much  sooner  than  they 
would  were  they  neglected. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  159,  50  cents. 


148  Diseases  of  Poui^try. 

PIP. 

Fowls  affected  with  this  disease  t>reathe  through  the 
mouth,  instead  of  the  nostrils,  which  has  a  drying  effect  on 
the  tongue  and  lining  of  the  mouth  and  throat,  forming  a 
scale  on  the  tongue.  Pip  is  generally  the  sequel  or  result 
of  roup. 

TREATMENT :— Oil  the  tongue  with  equal  parts  of 
lard  and  glycerine,  which  will  gradually  loosen  the  scales, 
after  which  remove  them  and  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  162  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  50  cents. 


ROUP. 

Roup  is  one  of  the  most  dreaded  diseases  that  the  fowl 
is  subject  to.  It  is  generally  caused  by  fowls  being  exposed 
to  cold  and  dampness,  draughts  in  hen-houses,  or  over- 
crowded coops. 

SYMPTOMS :— At  first  a  rattle  can  be  heard  in  the 
throat,  accompanied  by  an  exudation  of  a  clear,  odorless 
mucus  from  the  nostrils,  and  often  sneezing.  As  the  dis- 
ease advances  the  discharge  becomes  more  tenacious  or 
sticky,  and  clogs  up  the  nostrils,  stopping  the  air  passage, 
thereby  forcing  the  fowl  to  breathe  through  the  mouth.  The 
eyes  become  swollen  and  discharges  an  offensive  matter, 
and  sometimes  the  mouth  is  full  of  cankers. 

TREATMENT :— Use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  162  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  remedy  will  always  effect  a  cure  if  the  disease  is 
not  to  far  advanced.  When  the  disease  is  to  far  advanced 
there  is  no  remedy  that  will  cure  it.     But  our  remedy  will 


Diseases  of  Poultry.  149 

cure  very  bad  cases  and  NEVER  FAILS  to  effect  a  cure 
when  given  in  the  early  stage  of  the  disease. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  162,  50  cents. 


SCALY  LEGS. 

For  scaly  legs,  use  our 

REMEDY  NO.  163  AS  DIRECTED, 
and  in  a  few  days  the  legs  will  be  smooth  and  in  a  perfectly 
healthy  condition. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  163,  25,  cents. 


'  SORE  HEADS,  ETC. 

Sore  head  on  chickens,  cuts  and  scratches  from  fight- 
ing, etc.,  is  easily  and  effectually  healed  by  using  our 
REMEDY  NO.  163  AS  DIRECTED. 
Price,  25  cents. 


VERY'  IMPORTANT. 
If  your  hens  are  not  laying  the  proper  quantities  of 
eggs,  there  is  no  profit  in  them  for  you.     If  you  wish  to 
make  your  fowls  profitable,   feed  them  our  scientific  and 
celebrated  egg  producing  powder, 

REMEDY  NO.  164  AS  DIRECTED, 
which  never  fails  to  increase  the  egg  product,  forcing  the 
hens  to  lay  the  greater  part  of  the  year,  and  at  the  same 
time  keeping  them  in  good  condition.  When  hens  are  fed 
this  powder  they  will  require  and  desire  very  little  resting 
time.  Our  powder  will  not  only  keep  the  hens  in  a  healthy 
condition,  but  will  increase  their  laying  qualities  from  35 
to  50  per  cent.  If  you  try  our  powder  you  will  soon  be 
convinced  that  it  is  a  wonderful  egg  producer,  and  you  will 
never  again  be  without  it. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  164,  $1.00. 


DISEASES  OF  THE  DOG. 

THEIR 
CAUSES,  SYMPTOMS  AND  TREATMENT. 


CANKER  OF  THE  EAR. 

Canker  of  the  ear  is  produced  from  injuries  to  that 
org-an,  as  being  hit,  or  the  dog  coming  forcibly  in  contact 
with  some  object.  Dogs  that  are  in  the  habit  of  being  in 
water  frequently  and  getting  water  into  the  ear  are  subject 
to  canker. 

SYMPTOMS:— Violent  and  frequent  shaking  of  the 
head,  digging  and  scratching  the  ears  with  the  paws.     The 


Diseases  of  the  Dog.  151 

dog  carries  its  head  to  one  side.    The  affected  member  looks 
red  and  swollen. 

TREATMENT :— In  the  early  stages  of  canker,  the 
disease  is  easily  overcome.  Place  the  animal  strickly  on 
vegetable  diet,  allowing  no  meat  whatever.  Cleanse  the  ear 
with  warm  soap-snds.  After  being  thoroughly  cleansed, 
dry,  and  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  165  AS  DIRECTED. 

After  applying  remedy  No.    165   cover  the  ears   with 
cloth  to  keep  the  dog  from  scratching  and  irritating  the  ears. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  165,  50  cents. 


COLIC. 

The  causes  of  colic  are  varied :  over-eating  when  warm, 
being  exposed  to  cold  and  wet,  etc. 

SYMPTOMS: — Symptoms    of    colic    are    very    pro- 
nounced.    The  dog  will  double  itself  up,  roll  around,  whine 
and  moan,  refuses  to  eat,  is  constipated,  and  usually  bloated. 
TREATMENT :— If  the   animal   is    constipated    and 
bloated,  give  as  an  injection  the  following: 

Glvcerine   one-half  teaspoonful. 

Warm  (Water)    two  ounces. 

If  this  does  not  relieve  the  dog  in  the  course  of  half  an 
hour,  the  case  is  severe  and  will  require  more  decided  treat- 
ment.    Immediately  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  166  AS  DIRECTED, 
Followed  by 

REMEDY  NO.  167  AS  DIRECTED, 

And  apply  heavy  cloths  wrung  out  of  hot  water  to  the  bowels 
every  twenty  minutes. 
Price  of  remedies  Nos.  166  and  167  complete,  50  cents. 


152  Diseases  of  the  Dog. 

CONSTIPATION. 

Constipation  is  caused  by  insufficient  exercise,  and  over- 
feeding on  rich  food.  Tt  is  sometimes  caused  by  bones  be- 
ing lodged  in  the  last  bowel,  obstructing  the  passage  and 
preventing  the  passing  away  of  the  excrement,  which  in  a 
short  time  becomes  exceedingly  hard. 

SYMPTOMS: — The  dog  lies  around  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  time,  panting,  and  making  frequent  effort  to 
pass  excrement  or  dung,  at  which  time  the  pain  is  general- 
ly severe,  which  is  manifested  by  the  cries  of  the  dog. 

TREATMENT :— Constipation  will  readily  succumb 
to  the  following  treatment:  give  an  injection  composed  of 

Raw  Linseed  Oil  one  ounce. 

Glycerine one-half  drachm. 

Give  internally — 

Tincture  Gentian one  drachm. 

Simple  Syrup   one  ounce. 

Powdered  Jalap   .  .  .  .' one  drachm.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  If  the  bowels  do  not  move  within 
six  hours,  repeat  the  dose. 


DIARRHCEA— DYSENTERY. 

CAUSES : — Sudden  changes  of  temperature  from  hot 
to  cold,  over-exercise  during  hot  weather,  over-eating,  or 
feeding  on  improper  food. 

SYMPTOMS  : — Breath  offensive,  great  desire  to  drink 
water,  excrement  soft  or  thin,  stomach  nauseated,  eyes  sunk- 
en. The  animal  is  inclined  to  lie  down  most  of  the  time, 
where  it  will  not  be  disturbed.  Should  dysentery  make  its 
appearance,  the  passages   from  the  bowels  becomes  more 


Diseases  of  the  Dog.  153 

liquified  and  tinged  with  blood,  accompanied  by  excessive 
straining,  and  the  last  bowel  has  an  inflamed  appearance. 

TREATMENT: — As  diarrhoea  is  caused  by  some  ir- 
ritant, it  is  advisable  in  the  treatment  of  this  disease  to  first 
give  a  mild  physic ;  a  small  tablespoonful  of  castor  oil  being 
preferable.  Do  not  give  any  other  medicine  within  twenty- 
four  hours  after  giving  the  physic.  After  the  twenty-four 
hours  have  elapsed  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  i68  AS  DIRECTED. 

Should  the  dog  become  greatly  constipated  from  the 
effects  of  remedy  No.  i68,  give  a  small  tablespoonful  of 
castor  oil. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  i68,  75  cents. 


DISTEMPER. 

Distemper  is  a  contagious  disease.  It  is  one  of  the  most 
fatal  diseases  that  young  dogs  are  subject  to.  It  most  fre- 
quently occurs  about  the  time  the  animal  is  cutting  its  sec- 
ond teeth.  The  principal  causes  are  exposure  to  cold  and 
moisture,  sudden  changes  in  temperature,  climate,  or  sur- 
roundings. As  young  dogs  are  seldom  free  from  worms, 
many  authorities  are  inclined  to  the  opinion  that  this  is  one 
of  the  causes  of  distemper  appearing  more  frequently  among 
young  dogs. 

SYMPTOMS :— Appetite  impared ;  the  dog  appears 
dull,  bowels  overactive,  stomach  nauseated.  These  symptoms 
are  soon  followed  by  red,  water)'  eyes,  slight  cough,  and  the 
pulse  quickened.  As  the  disease  advances  there  is  an  ac- 
cumulation of  secretion  about  the  eyes  and  nose,  accom- 
.  panied  by  a  flow  of  mucus  from  the  nostrils.  The  coat  be- 
comes rough,  cough  more  severe,  and  the  nose  is  very  fever- 


154  Diseases  of  the  Dog. 

ish.  If  the  dog  is  not  relieved  at  this  stage  of  the  disease, 
the  same  symptoms  continue  but  are  greatly  aggravated. 
The  nostrils  become  closed  with  a  thick  discharge,  and  the 
eyes  are  almost  glued  together  with  matter.  The  dog  be- 
comes greatly  emaciated,  and  the  hind  legs  become  para- 
lyzed. The  paralysis  increases  until  it  affects  the  entire 
body.  The  poor  animal  will  remain  in  this  prostrated  con- 
dition, if  not  properly  treated,  until  death  relieves  its  suf- 
fering. 

TREATMENT : — Give  the  dog  a  clean,  dry,  and  com- 
fortable bed,  in  a  moderately  warm  (avoid  excessive  heat 
or  cold)  place.  Keep  the  bed  clean  and  pure,  and  allow 
plenty  of  fresh  air.  Give  soft  food,  as  boiled  rice,  broth, 
bread  and  milk,  crackers  and  milk,  and  clean  fresh  water  to 
drink.  Under  no  circumstances  give  the  animal  meat.  If 
the  cough  is  severe  apply  a  mustard  plaster  over  the  chest 
and  cover  with  a  blanket.  After  the  mustard  has  been  ap- 
plied for  one  hour,  remove  it,  wash  the  chest  with  warm 
water  and  apply  a  little  sweet  oil,  and  give  the  following 
physic:  Castor  Oil  half  ounce.  If  the  bowels  do  not  operate 
within  four  hours,  repeat  the  dose.  And  give  our 
REMEDY  NO.  169  4S  DIRECTED. 

After  giving  remedy  No.  169,  should  the  bowels  be- 
come constipated,  give  one  tablespoonful  of  Syrup  of  Buck- 
thorn every  three  or  four  hours  until  the  bowels  operate. 
When  the  animal  is  convalescing,  carefully  protect  it  from 
exposure  until  there  is  a  noticeable  gain  in  flesh.  By  care- 
fully following  our  treatment  a  speedy  recovery  will  be  ^he 
result. 

Price  of  remedy  No.   169,  $1.25. 


Diseases  of  the  Dog.  155 

FITS. 

Fits  are  frequently  met  with  in  the  dog.  They  are 
caused  by  brain  affections  or  from  any  pressure  upon  the 
brain.  Fits  are  also  the  result  of  irritation  of  the  intestinal 
canal,  as  worms,  indigestion,  poisons,  etc. 

TREATMENT :— When  fits  occur  in  young  dogs,  it  is 
usually  the  result  of  worms  or  some  intestinal  derangement. 
In  this  form  of  fits  the  food  should  be  composed  of  easily 
digested  substances  and  the  bowels  kept  open.  Give  our 
REMEDY  NO.  170  AS  DIRECTED. 
If  the  fits  is  the  result  of  some  brain  affection  they  usu- 
ally terminate  fatally ;  but  our 

REMEDY  NO.  171  GIVEN  AS  DIRECTED, 
will  quiet  and  relieve  the  dog,  and  in  some  cases  effect  a 
cure. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  170,  50  cents. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  171,  50  cents. 


INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  BOWELS. 

Inflammation  of  the  bowels  is  caused  by  sudden  chilling 
when  in  a  heated  condition,-  or  may  result  from  poisons  or 
irritating  substances.  Also  from  colic  when  not  given  the 
proper  attention  and  treatment. 

SYMPTOMS: — Are  similar  to  colic,  but  the  pain  in 
inflammation  of  the  bowels  is  more  continuous.  Breathing 
rapid,  pulse  quickened,  fever  high.  The  dog  evinces  pain 
when  pressure  is  applied  upon  the  belly.  Great  uneasiness 
and  whining. 

TREATMENT :— At  once  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  172  AS  DIRECTED. 


156  Diseases  of  the  Dog. 

Apply  mustard  to  the  belly  for  one  hour,  after  which 
apply  to  the  full  length  of  the  belly  a  hot  poultice  made  of 
bran.  Give  slippery  elm  tea.  After  recovery  has  taken 
place  give  a  tablespoonful  of  Castor  Oil ;  but  do  not  hasten 
a  movement  of  the  bowels.  If  the  bowels  do  not  operate 
after  giving  the  oil,  give  an  injection  of  warm  soap-suds. 
Our  remedy  No.  172  will  quickly  and  effectually  relieve  and 
cure  injlammation  of  the  bowels. 

Price  of  remedy  No.   172,  $1.00. 


LUNG  FEVER— INFLAMMATION  OF  THE 

LUNGS. 
(Pneumonia.) 

This  disease  is  usually  the  result  of  becoming  suddenly 
chilled  when  over-heated,  from  exposure  to  wet  and  cold, 
changes  of  climate,  changes  of  temperature,  and  colds  that 
have  been  neglected. 

SYMPTOMS :— The  dog  has  a  languid  and  stupid  ap- 
pearance, anxious  countenance,  eyes  red ;  painful  breathing 
is  manifested  by  a  slight  grunt  at  each  expiration.  Short  dis- 
tressing cough.  The  animal  is  inclined  to  sit  up  until  it  be- 
comes exhausted.  By  applying  the  ear  to  the  sides  of  the 
dog,  over  the  lungs,  you  will  hear  unhealthy  sounds. 

TREATMENT  :-^Place  the  dog  in  a  comfortable  Well 
ventilated  place,  free  from  draughts,  where  it  is  neither  too 
cold  or  too  warm,  and  give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  174  AS  DIRECTED. 

Allow  an  abundance  of  cool  fresh  water  to  drink.  Keep 
the  bowels  open  but  do  not  physic.  The  diet  should  be  com- 
posed of  soft,  nourishing  food,  as  milk,  bread  and  milk, 
broth,  boiled  rice,  etc.     Bandage  the  legs  with  flannel,  and 


Diseases  of  the  Dog.  157 

keep  the  body  moderately  warm.  After  the  third  day  apply 
mustard  to  the  sides  for  one  hour.  Then  remove  the  mus- 
tard, wash  the  surface,  where  it  has  been  applied,  with  warm 
water,  and  rub  on  a  little  sweet  oil,  to  soothe  the  burning 
sensation,  and  immediately  blanket.  Change  the  bedding 
frequently  and  keep  the  surroundings  neat  and  clean.  This 
treatment  if  carefully  followed  will  prove  successful  in  cur- 
ing lung  fever. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  174,  $1.00. 


MADNESS— RABIES.— HYDROPHOBIA. 

This  disease  is  incurable.     And  the  sooner  the  animal 
is  destroyed  and  put  out  of  its  misery  the  better. 


MANGE— SCAB-ITCH. 

Mange  is  a  contagious  disease.  And  is  produced  6y  a 
parasite.  (For  a  discription  of  the  mange  parasite  see  scab 
in  sheep.)  These  parasites  are  transferred  from  one  dog 
to  another,  or  from  the  dog  coming  in  contact  with  objects 
where  a  mangy  dog  has  been  kept,  or  by  the  dog  sleeping  in 
quarters  that  are  occupied  by  a  mangy  horse,  or  by  coming 
in  contact  with  any  animal  that  is  affected  with  mange. 

SYMPTOMS : — Owing  to  the  irritated  and  itchy  con- 
dition of  the  skin,  the  dog  frequently  and  persistently 
scratches  itself.  Red  pimples  and  eruptions  make  their  ap- 
pearance on  the  inside  of  the  hind  legs,  along  the  belly, 
about  the  eyes,  around  the  elbows,  and  eventually  spreading 
over  the  entire  body.  The  hair  falls  off  or  is  rubbed  or 
scratched  off  in  spots,  and  scales  or  scabs  are  formed.  The 
skin  has  a  dry  harsh,  and  scaly  appearance.     The  itching 


158  Diseases  of  the  Dog. 

becomes  so  intense,  that  the  dog  scratches  or  rubs  itself  un- 
til sore  spots  are  formed. 

TREATMENT :— Give  as  a  physic 

Powdered  Jalap one  drachm. 

Syrup one  ounce.  Mix. 

Give  at  one  dose.  Wash  the  dog  thoroughly  with  warm 
water  and  soft-soap,  using  care  to  remove  all  scabs  and  dirt. 
Dry  thoroughly  and  apply  our 

REMEDY  NO.  173  AS  DIRECTED. 
The  kennels  must  be  thoroughly  renovated.     Burn  all 
straw  or  anything  that  has  been  used  for  bedding,  and  dis- 
infect the  walls  with  lime  and  water. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  173,  $1.00. 


WORMS. 

The  principal  varieties  of  worms  that  infest  dogs,  are 
the  long  round  worms,  and  the  tapeworm. 

LONG  ROUND  WORMS. 
About  50  per  cent,  of  the  dogs  examined  after  death, 
are  found  to  be  infested  with  the  long  round  worms.  They 
are  found  in  the  bowels  and  stomach,  where  they  produce 
great  irritation.  Frequently  creating  so  much  irritation  and 
disturbance,  that  they  produce  spasms  or  fits.  Sometimes 
these  worms  gain  access  to  the  throat,  nostrils,  wind-pipe 
and  lungs. 

SYMPTOMS : — Sometimes  dogs  are  infested  with 
worms  without  any  apparent  symptoms.  But  the  following 
symptoms  usually  are  present :  dry  short  cough,  rough  coat, 
bad  smelling  breath,  voracious  appetite,  without  any  inclin- 
ation to  take  on  flesh.  Bowels  irregular.  Attempts  at  vom- ' 
iting.     Sometimes  the  dog  vomits  worms.    The  animal  may 


Diseases  of  the  Dog.  159 

snap  and  bite  at  anything  within  reach,  or  may  be  seized 
with  fits  or  spasms.  Should  the  worms  find  their  way  into 
the  nose  or  throat,  a  frothy  spume  will  be  observed  coming 
from  the  throat  and  mouth.  If  your  dog  presents  a  woe- 
begone appearance,  you  may  safely  conclude  the  dog  is  trou- 
bled with  worms. 

TREATMENT :— Give  our 

REMEDY  NO.  175  AS  DIRECTED. 
After  administering  our  remedy  seen  mornings  as  di- 
rected, give  as  a  physic  one  ounce  of  Castor  Oil.    This  treat- 
ment will  be  all  that  is  necessary  to  destroy  the  long  round 
worms. 

Price  of  remedy  No.  175,  75  cents. 

TAPEWORM. 

The  tapeworm  is  the  most  injurious  variety  of  intestinal 
woims.  It  gains  access  to  the  intestines  of  the  dog,  througTi 
the  dog  feeding  upon  contaminated  meat.  The  length  of  the 
tapeworm  that  infests  dogs,  varies  from  a  few  inches  to  sev- 
eral feet,  and  is  made  up  of  joints ;  each  joint  measuring 
from  one-eighth  to  one-half  inch  in  length.  After  the  worm 
has  grown  to  its  full  length,  as  fast  as  the  joints  mature, 
they  pass  away  from  the  bowels,  usually  mingled  with  the 
excrement,  at  which  time  they  deposit  their  eggs.  When 
these  eggs  or  ova  are  deposited  on  the  grass  or  other  feed, 
and  picked  up  and  taken  into  the  stomachs  of  hogs,  sheep, 
cattle,  rabits,  etc.,  they  are  in  a  short  time  hatched  into  a 
free  small  worm  which  burrows  through  the  bowels,  and 
locates  itself  in  some  part  of  the  flesh  or  brain,  and  there 
becomes  encysted  until  eaten  by  some  person,  or  some  ani- 
mal, when  it  developes  into  another  tapeworm.  There  are 
two  species  of  tapeworm  which  infest  dogs.    But  as  they  re- 


160  Diseases  of  the  Dog. 

quire  the  same  treatment  we  deem  it  unnecessary  to  make 
any  distinction. 

SYMPTOMS : — Are  very  similar  to  the  symptoms  of 
long  round  worms,  but  can  be  detected  from  that  variety  by 
the  appearance  of  the  joints  in  the  excrement  or  dung. 

TREATMENT:— The  speediest  and  most  effectual 
way  to  relieve  the  dog  of  tapeworm,  is  to  administer  our 

REMEDY  NO.  176  AS  DIRECTED. 

This  remedy  never  fails  ot  remove  tapeworm. 
Price  of  remedy  No.  176,  $1.00. 


WOLF  &  DESSAUER 


We  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  we  are 
headquarters  for  Northern  Indiana  for  REI(IABI<E 

Trust-worthy  Dry  Goods,  Cloaks,  Suits,  Skirts,  Petticoats, 
Waists,  Corsets,  Furs,  Capes,  Wrappers,  Sliades,  all  kinds 
of  Drapery  Materials,  Blankets,  Comforters,  Rugs,  etc.,  etc. 

AT    GUARANTEED    LOWEST    PRICES. 


All  we  ask  for  is  if  you  are  not  already  a  customer  of  our's  to  mererly  give  us 
a  trial  on  your  next  purchase,  and  if  we  don't  show  you  a  larger  line  to  select 
from,  and  if  we  don't  save  vou  from  5  per  cent,  to  15  per  cent,  on  your  purchases, 
or  if  yon  csn  find  anything  but  the  best  class  of  merchandise  the  domestic  and 
foreign  markets  produce— we  don't  want  your  business. 

Another  good  reason  for  your  trading  with  us  is  the  fact  that  when  ever  you 
tt-ake  a  purchase  in  our  store,  no  matter  what  it  is,  and  if  n  is  not  satisfactorly, 
bring  it  back  and  a  xchange  it  for  other  goods,  or  you  can  have  your  money  back. 


We  are  Agents  for  Wooltex  Cloaks   Skirts  and  Suits 


GOLDEN,  THE  HATTER. 


The  Largest  Hat  Store  in  the  City  I 


\)/ 


We  sell  the  best,  and  Up 
to  Date  styles  in  Men's 
Soft  and  Stiff  Hats  at  $1.50 
$2,  $2.50.  $3,  $4  and  up. 


(ly 


Telescopes  50c,  75c,  $1  and  Up. 


\)/ 


The  lyARGEST  line  of 
Trunks,  prices  $2.50,  $3.50, 
$4.50,  $5  and  Up. 


9\ 


REMEMBER  THE  PLACE, 

GOLDEN.   THE   HATTER, 

COR.  CAI,HOUN   AND  BERRY   STS. 


WHEN    IN    NEED    OF    ANYTHING    IN 

FURNITURE 


CALL   IN    AND    GET   OUR   PRICES. 


.....THE..... 

PARE  FURNITURE  CO. 

126-128-130  EAST  BERRY. 


WE  SING 
THE 
PRAISE 
OF 


C.  C.  Schlatter  &  Co. 


The  larg-est  dealers  in  Hardware,  Paints  and  Oils 
in  Northern  Indiana.  When  you  want  strictly 
first  class  material  at  the  lowest  prices.  Call  on 
us,  we  will  cheerfully  furnish  you    an  estimate. 

AGENTS  FOR 

IVlann's  Green  Bone  Cutter 


Sherwin-WiHiams'  Paints 


C.  C.  SCHLATTER  &  CO. 

Ths  Leading  Hardware  Dealers, 

202,  204  and  206  E.  Columbia  St., 

FORT  WAYNE,   -    INDIANA. 


THIS  Ag-encv  has  contracted  with  several  sub-ag-encies  in  Illinois,  Ohio  and 
Indiana  to  send  farm  buyers  to  Allen  County,  and  during  the  past  season 
a  larg-e  number  of  good  farms  have  been  disposed  of.  If  j'ou  desire  to  sell 
your  farm  I  will  show  it  to  one  of  these  buyers.  Please  call  at  the  office,  or  ad- 
dress me  stating  fully  how  much,  what  kind  of  land,  and  price  wanted.  If  you 
wish  to  buy  a  farm,  vou  will  be  shown  what  we  have  free  of  cost;  or  should  you 
decide  to  buy  or  exchange Jor  a;  home  in:.the  city  we  have  property  of  every 
description. 

W-    E.    DOUD, 

REAL    ESTATE    and    LOANS. 
OVER  OLD  NATIONAL  BANK,  CORNERfcCALHOUNTAND  BERRY  STS. 


The  Citizens  Trust  Co. 

CORNER  BERRY  AND  CUNTON  STREETS. 

(Opposite  Postofflce.) 


CAPITAL  $200,000.00. 


Should  Receive  the  Patronage  of  Every  Farmer  in 

Allen  County. 


BECAUSE  they  pay  3  per  cent,  interest  on  deposits. 
BECAUSE  they    loan   money   on    farm   mortgages   at  low 

rates  of  interest. 
BECAUSE  they    are    under   the    supervision    of    the   State 

of  Indiana. 
BECAUSE  they  buy  Sale  Notes  and  can  accommodate  the 

farmer  in  a  hundred  different  ways. 


They  invite  your  investigation  and  will  render  you 
assistance  in  making  sales  and  closing  up  and  settling 
estates.  Our  officers  and  directors  are  substantial  business 
men. 


OFRICERS: 

JOHN  FERGUSON,  Prbsident. 
FREMONT  L.  JONES,  OWEN  N.  HEATON, 

Vice-Presidknt.  2nd  Vtce-President. 

CHARLES  F.  PFEIFFER,  ERNEST  W.  COOK, 

3rd  Vice-President.  Secretary. 

Dl  RECTORS  s 

John  Ferguson  John  P.  Evans  Charles  W.  Orr 

Gottlieb  HalleJr  Fremont  L-  Jones  Owen  N.  Heaton 

Ernest  W.  Cook  Harry  A.  Keplinger  Charles  F.  Pfeiffer 

Isidor  Lehman  George  W.  Beers  Charles  H.  Newton 


come:  and  sbe:  us. 


m 


THE  NEW  STORE 

Invites  you  to  inspect  the  most  stylish,  the 
most  durable  and  best  selected  line  of  Men's 
Suits  at  $10,  $12,  $15,  $18  and  $20  ever  shown 
in  the  city.---*™5Sa^^ 


Shields'  Clothing  Co., 


722  Calhoun  St. 


Opp.  Court  House. 


New    Implement   House 

In  Fort  Wayne. 


214216   EAST  COLUMBIA  STREET. 


Stocked  with  a  Large  Assortment  of  Fine  New 
PLOWS,  PLANTERS,  CULTIVATORS, 
RAKES,   HARROWS   AND   OTHER 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 

Made  by  David  Bradley  Manufacturing  Co.,  Bradley, 
111.,  one  of  the  largest  implement  manufacturers  in 
the  United  States.  Our  plows  comprise  over  250 
styles  and  sizes  including-  steel  combination  and 
chilled  plows,  right  and  left  hand. 

Also  a  Full  Line  of  Wagons,  Buggies,  Seeders, 
Binders,  Mowers,  Hay  Tedders  and  Loaders, 
Drills,    Engines,    and    Threshers,    Etc.,    Etc. 


GEORGE  W.]lBRUCKNER. 


The  MOST  IMPORTANT  News  to  the  Farmer  is  the 

DAILY   MARKET  REPORT. 


THE    FORT    WAYNE 

Journal  -Gazette 


Publishes  a  more  complete  and  later  Market 
Report   than    any  other  Fort  Wayne  paper. 

IT  ALSO  PUBLISHES  ALL  THE  OTHER  NEWS. 

^^Daily  and  Sunday  40c  a  mouth;    Daily  without  Sunday  30c  a  month. 

subscribe:  nona/. 

You  can  get  it  by  Rural  Route  or  at  your  Post  Office. 


«-• 


■■■■■!Si 


Parrot's  Studio 


21  ana  25  mc$t  Berry  $t,  •  Tort  mm.  ma. 


X 


BABIES  PICTURED  AS  BABIES. 
MINIATURES  ON  IVORY. 


durlicates    from     b  a  r  r  o  \a/  s    and    jj 
shoarF    negatives. 


WALL  PAPER! 


WE    MAKE    CURTAINS   WE  FRAME 
FRAMES.    pJ^AMES    PICTURES. 

We  invite  you  to  call  and  see  our  new  novelties  for  the 

Spring- — we  have  them  all. 

If  you  want  something-  different  than  your  neighbors, 

call  and  see  us.     We  carry  a  special  line  that 

cannot  be  found  elsewhere. 

ASK   TO   SEE   25c   PAPERS   WE   ARE   SELLINa  FOR  10c. 

Wall  Papers  all  Prices  from  3c  per  Roll  Up. 

KEIL   &  KEIL. 

116  Calhoun  Street  .'.  New  No.  926. 


W.  W.  MUNGEN, 

DENTIST, 
221  West  Wayne  St, 

Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 


Monroe  W.  Fitch  &  Sons, 

General  Insuranc,  Real  Estate, 
Loans  and  Rentals. 


2ND  FLOOR. 
TELEPHONE     1360. 


818     CALHOUN    ST., 


FORT    WAYNE,    INDIANA. 

Real  Estate  and  Loans  a  Specialty, 


Single  €omb  Black  minorca  €bicken$ 

Are  hardy,  both  as  fowls  and  chicks, 
easily  raised,  mature  early  and 
pullets  commence  laying:  when  very 
young.  They  are  non-setters,  are 
well  adapted  "to  all  soils  and  places 
and  are  considered  the  best  layers 
whether  in  confinement  or  allowed 
unlimited  rang-e.  Their  plumage  is 
a  pure  black  with  a  green  metallic 
lustre,  and  as  a  table  fowl  they  are 
unexcelled. 


Stock  and  \:.ggs  for  sale 


For  good   up  to  date  stock,  call  on 
or  write  to 

CHARLES  G.  PARE, 

127  N  Cass  St.  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 

(Vice  President  of  Indiana  Ameri- 
can Black  Minorca  Club.  Won  1st 
on  Cockerel,  Hen  and  Pullet,— Fort 
Wayne  show,  1902;  also  1st  on  Cock- 
erel and  Hen  and  1st  and  2nd  on  Pul- 
et — Napoleon,  Ohio,  show,  1902. 


DREIER  &  BRO., 

Wholesale  and  Retail  Druggists,  alwa3S  carry 
a  full  and  suberb  stock  of 

Drugs,  Cbemicals,  Crutcbes,  trusses, 


PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES,  ETC. 


:^"Sole  Agents  for  the  International  Stock  and  Poultry  Food, 

Black  Leaf  Sheep  Dip,  Insectisides  and  Fruit 

Spraying  Compounds. 

PRICES    REASONABLE. 


C.  SCHIEFER  &  SON 


THE  LEADING   DEALERS  IN 


Boots,  Shoes  #  Rubbers 

For  Farm  use.     All  reliable  and  solid,  every  pair  WARRANTED 
Also  Fine  Dress  Shoes  at  prices  to  suit  the  purchaser. 

OUR    SIGN. 


WE  KEEP  NO  SHODDY  GOODS. 

No.  108  E.  Columbia  St.  FORT  WAYNE,  INDIANA.  ' 


Everylthing 
on  Wheels 

Absolutely  the  largest  stock  of 
Bicj'cles,  New  and  Second  Hand, 
in  the  city.    All  we  ask  is  a  call. 

All  Kinds  of  Talking 
Machines,  $3.00  Up. 


The  Pioneer  Bicycle  Store, 

Corner  Berry  and  Harrison. 
FORT    WAYNE,    INDIANA. 


THE  RANDALL 
WHEEL  C0.>^ 


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PATENTS 


AND 


Patent  Law. 


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^TP^W^W^W^ 


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Chapin  &  Denny 


SEND  SKETCH  OR  MODEL 
OF   YOUR  INVENTION 


FORT  WAYNE,  IND. 

BASS   BLOCK. 


WE    ARE   AGENTS   FOR   THE  STOCK 
METAL    SYRINGE: 


Size  4r  onnce,  #     .T'^. 


^>^THE   LIVE    STOCK-^^ 
PROPRIETORY    REMEDY    CO. 


FORT    WAYNE,    INDIANA. 


j\^i,. 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


We 

AN  INITIAL  FINE  OF  25  CENTS 

WILL   BE  ASSESSED   FOR   FAILURE  TO   RETURN 
THIS   BOOK   ON   THE   DATE   DUE.   THE  PENALTY 
WILL  INCREASE  TO  SO  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH 
DAY    AND    TO    $1.00    ON    THE    SEVENTH     DAY 
OVERDUE. 

BIOLOGY  LIBRARY 

fij^  /i  ^l'    l\  <\  ^e\e\  a. 

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UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


U.C.BERKELEY  LIBRARIES 


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